RU2376738C1 - Device for cultivation of soil in space between rows in garden - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device includes rectangular welded frame with systems of suspension, adjustment of soil cultivation depth, fixation of working elements. Working elements consist of stands with chisels, having threaded holes, in which, by means of axes with threads at ends via brackets arranged in middle and back parts of stand, there are pointed semi-legs hingedly fixed. Semi-legs are equipped with detachable agitators. Working elements are arranged at various depth of soil cultivation and width of grip, which accordingly reduces and increases symmetrically from frame centre to edges. Larger number of working elements is installed in position "Blade cultivator", and remaining ones - in position "Chisel". Stands of working elements in frontal end part are arranged as semicircular and have slant in lower part, which is connected to stand along radius, for provision of soil resistance force reduction. Chisel is fixed to stand by bolt joint by means of bracket and holes in stand.

EFFECT: such design version will make it possible to increase quality of soil treatment and to exclude damage of trees root systems.

4 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for tillage in the rows of a fruiting garden, relates to the field of agricultural machinery.

Known devices designed for deep loosening of soil from 40 to 80 cm, chisel plow ПЧ-4,5; cultivators deep rippers type NR-80B; ChKU-4; KZU-OZV, including chisel-like paws (see "Agriculture systems in the Krasnodar Territory for 1990-1995 and for the period 2000: Recommendations. VASKHNIL, All-Russian Branch, Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture named after P.P. Lukyanenko, Kuban Agricultural Institute. Krasnodar, Book Publishing House, 1990, p. - 59, 128, 260).

The disadvantages of these units are low technological capabilities (only chiseling), high metal and energy consumption, tillage to the same depth.

The closest to the achieved economic effect and technical essence is a chisel mounted plow, including a rectangular welded frame with hitching systems, adjustment of the depth of tillage, fastening of the working bodies and working bodies, consisting of racks made in the form of a knee with pins installed, bits with threaded holes in which, through the fastening axes with threads at the ends and brackets, made in the middle and back of the rack, lancet half-arms are pivotally fixed on the sides, sn abgeny removable tedders and tubular bracket with emphasis (see RU No. 2298302 from 06.06.2005).

The disadvantages of this device are the high energy intensity of the soil cultivation process, low operational reliability, the same processing depth over the entire working width, which does not represent the possibility of loosening the soil in the horizons of the root system.

The technical solution to the problem is to reduce energy intensity, increase operational reliability, improve the quality of processing (loosening the soil in the horizons of the root system, the formation of a groove along the bottom of the furrow, which contributes to the accumulation of additional moisture that improves root formation).

The task is carried out by the fact that in the device for tillage in the aisles of the garden, including a rectangular welded frame with hitching systems, adjusting the depth of tillage, fastening the working bodies and working bodies, consisting of racks with chisels having threaded holes into which through axes with threaded ends through brackets, racks pivotally mounted lancet half-arms equipped with removable agitators, according to the invention, the working bodies are arranged at different processing depths and working widths, correspondingly decreasing and increasing symmetrically from the center of the device to the edges, with the greater number of working bodies in the “Flat cutter” position, the smaller in the “Chisel” position, the working body strut in the front end part is made semicircular, has a bevel connected to the strut in the lower part along a radius R = 10 ... 500 mm, which ensures a decrease in the resistance force of the soil, while the bit is fixed to the stand by means of a bracket and an opening in the stand by a bolted connection.

New elements are the arrangement of working bodies for different working depths and working widths, respectively decreasing and increasing symmetrically from the center of the device to its edges, with a larger number of working bodies in the “Flat cutter” position and a smaller number in the “Chisel” position, stand the working body in the frontal end part is made semicircular, in the lower part of which there is a bevel connected to the stand along a radius R = 10 ... 500 mm, providing a decrease in soil resistance, the bit is attached to the stand osredstvom bracket and openings in the rack by bolting, no preservative.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the main view; figure 2 - working body, side view; figure 3 - section aa, fig. section BB.

The soil tillage device consists of a frame 1 with hitching systems 2, adjusting the depth of tillage 3, fastening the working bodies 4 and the working bodies 5, 6, 7 “Ploskorez”, located symmetrically relative to the working body 8 “Chisel”, set to different depths and the processing width, correspondingly decreasing and increasing to the edges of the device (Fig. 1), consisting of a strut 9 in the frontal end part, made semicircular 10 (Fig. 3), in the lower part there is a bevel 11 connected to the strut 9 along the radius 12, the bit 13 fixed a rack 9 by means of arms 14, openings 15 in the rack 16 by bolting, polulap turners 17 and 18.

A device for tillage works as follows. Before performing the technological operation, the processing depth is set using the system 3, while the working bodies 5, 6, 7 and 8 occupy a position determined by the arrangement taking into account the depth of the root system of trees depending on the distance from the stem. When performing the technological operation, the working bodies 5, 6 and 7 perform plane-cutting tillage, are in the “Flat cutter” position (working bodies 5 are up to 10 cm deep, 6 to 15 cm deep, 7 to 22 cm deep), and (8) has a position “Chisel” (processing depth up to 45 cm), while the lower furrow forming after the passage of the working bodies 5, 6 and 7 is zigzag, as if copying the location of the root system of trees along the depth. The absence of a retainer reduces the strength of soil resistance when deepening the working bodies 5, 6 and 7, because they are in a folded state and are opened when a specified processing depth is reached due to the dynamic pressure of the soil layer.

The arrangement of the working bodies is justified by calculations and is confirmed by experimental data.

Claims (1)

A device for processing soil in the aisles of the garden, including a rectangular welded frame with hitch systems, adjusting the depth of tillage, fastening the working bodies and working bodies, consisting of racks with chisels having threaded holes, in which, through axes with threads at the ends, through brackets made in the middle and back parts of the rack, lancet half-arms articulated with removable tedders are articulated, characterized in that the working bodies are arranged at different depths of tillage and width of capture, correspondingly decreasing and increasing symmetrically from the center of the frame to the edges, with a greater number of working bodies set to “Ploskorez”, and a smaller number to “Chisel”, and the racks of working bodies in the front end part are made semicircular and have a bevel connected in the lower part, connected with a stand along the radius, to ensure a decrease in the resistance force of the soil, while the bit is fixed to the stand with a bolted connection via an arm and an opening in the stand.

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