RU2711933C2 - Method for greening of quails feeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science, particularly to a method for increasing quail productivity and reducing disease incidence by feeding environmentally safe products. Method for ecologising quail feeding involves using vegetation of alpine meadows of mountain phytocoenosis, which is added to the main ration of quails in amount of 3 %, starting from week-old age. Method comprises feeding during entire period of feeding, gradually increasing green fodder to monthly age to 10 % of total volume of main fodder, and beginning from day-old age, chickens are watered with sulfur-containing mineral water with free access.EFFECT: method allows to enhance the physiological, reproductive and immunological state of birds.1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular, to a method for increasing the productivity of quail and reducing their incidence by feeding environmentally friendly products.

There is a method in which dry amaranth raw materials are used in a mixture with fishmeal (patent No. 2544392, published March 20, 2015, IPC A23K 1/10, A23K 1/16, A23K 1/14).

The known method is somewhat complicated by the fact that to reduce the incidence of poultry, fish meal is additionally introduced into the diet, which is not always available for purchase.

There is also known a method where the green mass of plants is used (patent No. 2528027, published September 10, 2014, IPC A23K 1/14).

In a known technical solution, the green mass is squeezed in a screw press, and the resulting juice is filtered, heated, adding an antioxidant, using high-protein cultures. This method is quite complex, requiring additional equipment to obtain feed.

The closest technical solution is a method where wild plants of natural phytocenoses are used (patent No. 2534307, published 06/10/2014, IPC A23K 1/16, A23K 1/14).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that the herbs used are low-calorie, contain a small amount of protein. In addition, green algae added to the feed complicates the process, since this type of plant is not widely used for use in bird feeding technology. The feed used is not balanced by the sugar protein ratio and the content of antioxidants for the prevention of diseases.

The technical result - improving the quality of green feed, greening the diet, increasing the physiological, reproductive and immunological status of the bird.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that, in contrast to the prototype method, alpine meadows of mountain phytocenoses are used, which in crushed form are added to the full ration of compound feeds in the amount of 3%, starting from the weekly age and are fed during the entire feeding period, gradually increasing green fodder up to 10%, and, starting from the day old, chickens are fed with mineral sulfur-containing water with free access.

The method is as follows.

Alpine forbs consists of 16 families and 46 species, including high-protein bean cultures containing sucrose, a complex of vitamins, antioxidants.

1. Sem. Asters - Asteraceae

1. False Italian aster - Aster amelloides Bess.

2. Cornflower sage - Centaurea salviifolia (Boiss.) Sosn.

3. British elecampane - Inula britannica L.

4. Common barbed - Carlina vulgaris L.

5. Kulbaba Rough-leaved - Leontodon hispidus L.

6. Small petal Podolsky - Erigeron podolicus Bess.

7. Webbed Head - Jurinea arachnoidea Bunge

8. Basket pyrethrum - Pyrethrum corymbosum (L.) Scop.

2. Sem. Legumes - Fabaceae

9. Danish astragalus - Astragalus danicus Retz.

10. Colorful knit - Coronilla varia L.

11. Sickle Alfalfa - Medicago falcata L.

12. Caucasian lollipop - Lotus caucasicus Kuprian. ex juz

3. Sem. Teasel - Dipsacaceae

13. The giant capitate is Cephalaria gigantea (Ledeb.) Bobr.

14. Scabiosis twice cirrus - Scabiosa bipinnata S. Koch

4. Sem. Geraniums - Geraniaceae

15. Blood red geranium - Geranium sanguineum L.

16. Geranium Ruprecht - Geranium ruprechtii (Woronow) Grossh.

5. Sem. Gentian - Gentianaceae

17. Separate gentian - Gentiana schistocalyx (S. Koch) S. Koch

18. Gentian gentian - Gentiana septemfida Pall.

19. Georgian reconciliation - Swertia iberica Fisch. et Mey.

6. Sem. Buckwheat - Polygonaceae

20. Highlander meat-red - Polygonum carneum S. Koch

7. Sem. Labret - Lamiaceae

21. Dubrovnik Nukhinsky - Teucrium nuchense S. Koch

22. The common soul - Calamintha vulgare L.

23. Origanum ordinary - Origanum vulgare L.

24. Sage whorled - Salvia verticillata L.

25. Ossetian skullcap - Scutellaria ossetica Charadze

8. Sem. Cereals - Poaceae

26. Common comb (ctenophore) - Cynosurus cristatus L.

27. Boneless Rump - Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub

28. Sheep Fescue - Festuca ovina L.

29. Regel's Fescue - Festuca regeliana Pavl.

30. Timothy grass meadow - Phleum pratense L.

9. Sem. Campanulaceae - Campanulaceae

31. Sarmatian bell - Campanula sarmatica Ker.-Gawl.

10. Sem. Buttercups - Ranunculaceae

32. Caucasian buttercup - Ranunculus caucasicus Bieb.

11. Sem. Madder - Rubiaceae

33. Strawberry valentine - Galium valantoides Bieb.

34. Duodenis Galium fistilosum Somm. et levier

35. Real bedstraw - Galium verum L.

12. Sem. Scaffold - Scrophulariaceae

36. Field Mariannik - Melampyrum arvense L.

13. Sem. Plantain - Plantaginaceae

37. Caucasian plantain - Plantago caucasica Papava

14. Sem. Rosaceae - Rosaceae

38. Medicinal hemorrhage - Sanguisorba officinalis L.

39. Common Mushroom - Filipendula vulgaris Moench

40. The cuff is very stiff-haired - Alchemilla valdehirsuta Buser

15. Sem. Celery - Apiaceae

41. Astrantia is large - Astrantia maxima Pall.

42. The sickle-shaped scapula - Bupleurum falcatum L.

43. Transcaucasian cutter - Libanotis transcaucasica Schischk.

44. Common caraway seeds - Carum carvi L.

16. Sem. Lamiaceae - Lamiaceae

45. Origanum ordinary - Origanum vulgare L.

46. Common Chernogolovka - Prunella vulgaris L.

Starting from the weekly age of young animals, starting from the weekly age, 3% of crushed green fodder is added to the main diet, gradually adding it to the monthly age of the bird, up to 10% of the feed volume. From the age of one day, chickens are fed with mineral water containing sulfur with free access.

Mineral water Zakka (2000 m above sea level, Alagir district of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania) contains (mg / l): calcium - 320, magnesium - 96, sulfates - 118, chlorides - 180-, nitrates - 89.4, hydrogen sulfide - 120 , potassium - 2.1, the reaction of the medium pH - 6.14.

Sulfur containing water (as a part of hydrogen sulfide) primarily blocks bacterial and fungal diseases of young animals. It is known that selenium replaces sulfur in the amino acids methionine and cysteine. At the same time, selenomethionine is initially synthesized, which is further converted to selenocysteine, selenocystation or, when demethylated to selenomethylselenocysteine, the latter interacts with the amino acid glutamine. A large part of selenium in the formation of tocopherol. All transformations allow you to keep the young organism of chickens from stress and disease. The function of sulfur in a living organism is to maintain the level of redox potential due to the reversibility of the reaction cysteine - cystine-SH-glutathione -S-S glutathione. Sulfur is also a component of coenzyme A and vitamins (lipoic acid, biotin, thiamine), which play a significant role in respiration and lipid metabolism.

An example of the implementation of a technical solution for the ecologization of feeding and quail maintenance was carried out on the basis of Ecodom Small Innovative Enterprise LLC. To carry out the experimental part of the proposed development according to the principles of analogue pairs, 4 groups were composed of quail eggs, Estonian breed:

1 control group received the main diet (RR);

2 experimental - OR + grass cutting based on forbs of alpine meadows;

3 experimental - OR + mineral water s. Zakka;

4 experimental - OR + grass cutting based on forbs of alpine meadows + mineral water p. Zakka.

The quail of all groups received the main compound feed (OR) of the experimental bird was represented by dry full-feed compound feed balanced in nutrients in accordance with the age standards of VNIITIP for chickens “Start”, Rost “, and intended for quails from 6 weeks of age, the“ Finish ”compound feed. The main components of the feed are: corn, wheat, oats, barley, millet, legumes, meal, meal, meat and bone meal and fish meal.

The complex of natural resources used makes it possible to grow quail with ecologically safe products and obtain quality indicators of meat and egg productivity. In particular, the proposed method of ecologization of feeding and watering is manifested by the onset of egg laying in quails on the 48th day, while the beginning of egg laying in a bird of the control group is not earlier than 52 days, at the same time, a relatively large egg mass was observed in the birds of the experimental groups, and the maximum results identified in the experimental group of quail (4 experimental group) contained using the forbs complex of alpine meadows, mountain phytocenoses and mineral water Zakka. The predominance of the experimental group over control analogues amounted to 2.0 g. In quails of the experimental groups (2, 3, 4 experimental groups), large indicators of the intensity of egg production are revealed. The maximum values were found in quails of 4 experimental groups; they exceeded the control analogues by 12.2%.

A positive result of the proposed method of ecologization of quail feeding is revealed by the nature of its influence on the set of live weight of quail. This is facilitated by the high content of such amino acids as lysine, methionine and cystine, carotene, vitamins C, D, E, as well as macronutrients: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and trace elements: iron, zinc, manganese, in herbal slices. Lysine helps activate the processes of absorption of calcium from the bloodstream, as well as its transport, both to the bone tissue and to the ovary, for the formation of eggshells. In addition, the high lysine content enhances the viability of the bird's body, by participating together with vitamin C and iron in the synthesis of carnitine and thereby maintaining the stability of energy metabolism and the immunobiological status of the body. Due to the content of methionine in the body of quail, cheating processes are maintained, the necessary balance of nitrogen, a stimulating effect on the genesis of the endocrine system and the equalization of the hormonal status of the bird's body. These properties determine the intensity of quail organism growth processes and the realization of the genetic potential of egg productivity. So the increase in live weight by the age of one month in quail of the control group amounted to 165.16 g., Which is 15.35 g., 10.19 g. and 44.84 grams less than that of analogues of 2, 3, 4 experimental groups. Moreover, the highest values were found in quail 4 of the experimental group (table. 2).

Further indicators of the dynamics of live weight are characterized by a similar picture. So at the age of 50 days, the highest indicators of live weight were found in quails of the 4th experimental group; they exceeded the control analogues by 45.6 g. the predominance over analogues of 2 and 3 of the experimental groups was less pronounced and amounted to 19.7 g. and 32.35 gr. respectively.

The revealed results of egg productivity and gain in live weight testify to the effectiveness of using the proposed methods of ecologization of feeding and watering of quail.

Claims (1)

The method of ecologization of feeding quail, which consists in using vegetation of alpine meadows of mountain phytocenoses, which is added to the main diet of quail in the amount of 3%, starting from the weekly age, and they are fed during the entire period of use of the fattening, gradually increasing the green feed by the age of one month up to 10% of the total volume of the main feed, and starting from the age of one day, chickens are drunk with sulfur-containing mineral water with free access.