RU2711267C1 - Device and method for fire extinguishing of high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous process installations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire-fighting equipment, which makes it possible to provide for lifting and transfer to required height and to hard-to-reach areas of fire-extinguishing means, intended for safe and effective fire extinguishing of high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous process installations. Claimed fire extinguishing device comprises a flexible fire suction hose, a fire hydrant, a fire engine equipped with a high pressure pump, fire flexible pressure sleeves, including a high pressure fire hose, a fire barrel with a nozzle, unmanned aerial vehicles, automated control system of fire extinguishing process. Fire extinguishing method is performed remotely by means of automated control system of unmanned aerial vehicles by means of additional water intake through fire hydrant from external water supply line.EFFECT: higher maneuverability, safety and duration of fire extinguishing process of high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous process installations using unmanned aerial vehicles.2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, allowing to provide lifting and transfer to the required height and inaccessible areas of fire extinguishing means, designed for safe and effective fire extinguishing of high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous technological installations.

A device for extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings (RF patent No. 2087168, class A62C 3/00, B64D 1/18, 08/20/1997), comprising: a helicopter with a container connected to the bottom of the helicopter and equipped with a control cabin, and fire extinguishing means, has a lenticular shell filled with helium and exhaust gases, connected with a heater, a sliding platform with a railing. The invention relates to a device for extinguishing a fire during ignition on the upper floors of high-rise buildings, both residential and industrial, special liquids, a lenticular "Thermoplan" filled with gaseous helium (which by its ease tries to occupy the upper position) is suspended from it. A tank with a significant capacity of foam mass is suspended from the Thermoplane. On the opposite side of it there is a cabin in which an auxiliary power station is installed.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the high cost - the need to maintain the helicopter in the fire brigade and its maintenance, the bulkiness of the structure and slowness when maneuvering between buildings, a high probability of fire of the device itself.

A device for extinguishing a fire from a helicopter is known (RF patent No. 2192296, class A62C 39/00, B64D 1/16, 11/10/2002) containing a tank suspended from two helicopters to a helicopter. A control cable is connected to the bottom of the tank wall. At the bottom of the tank there is a hole with a seat, overlapped by a valve, the plate of which is located above the seat. A float is attached to the valve stem to draw water from the reservoir into the tank when vertically immersed in water.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the high cost - the need to maintain a helicopter in the fire brigade and its maintenance, the impossibility of extinguishing if there is no water source near the ignition facility — a reservoir with an appropriate depth, the ability to extinguish a fire only on the upper floors of the building.

A device for a helicopter telescopic installation for extinguishing fires in tall buildings when the upper floors of both residential and industrial buildings are ignited (RF patent 2240960, class A62C 3/00, B64D 1/16, 11/27/2004), the installation consists of a telescopic fire barrel, moving forward upon delivery of water upon arrival at the fire extinguishing site, water tank and pumping unit.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the high cost - the need to maintain a helicopter in the fire brigade and its maintenance, the need for close approach to the fire area, which is dangerous for the pilot, a relatively small amount of fire extinguishing substance, limited by the volume of the tank lifted by the helicopter.

A known method of dropping a fire extinguishing unmanned aerial vehicle (patent SN No. 107042004A, CL A62C 3/02, 03/15/2015), implemented by the dropping device. The device comprises a drone body, fire extinguishing bombs, a bomb drop box, and a controller. The lower end of the drone body is equipped with lifting rods. The bomb drop box is located on the lifting rods. One side of the upper end of the bomb drop box is provided with a rotation motor, and the other side of the upper end of the bomb drop box is equipped with a balance unit. Fire extinguishing bombs are placed on the thrust blades in the bomb drop box. Fire extinguishing bombs are made of dry ice. The disadvantage of an analogue is the high cost of maintenance, the difficulty in managing the discharge of fire extinguishing bombs.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed one is the device and fire extinguishing of high-rise buildings with the use of aviation, namely a helicopter (RF patent 2289531, class A62C 31/00, B64D 1/16, 12/20/2006), which includes tanks with a fire extinguishing agent, a flexible pipe for supplying a fire extinguishing agent, an external rod, an emergency undocking unit, a nozzle remotely controlled in a vertical plane and equipped with a remote controlled lock mounted on a helicopter, a stand mounted on an external load call suspension to a remotely controlled lock, stopcock.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the high cost - the need to maintain a helicopter in the fire brigade and its maintenance, the difficulty of maneuvering for an exact extinguishing agent to enter the combustion area, and a limited amount of extinguishing agent.

The closest fire extinguishing method for high-rise buildings is a manned aircraft to extinguish fires (patent SN No. 108674658A, CL B64C 39/02; B64D 27/24; B64D 47/00; B60L 11/18; A62C 3/02, 10/19/2018) . It consists of a manned flying platform, cables, transportation pipes and a flight control system. The flight control system, fire barrel and gun are located in a manned platform. One end of the fire pistol is connected to the extinguishing base with a fire extinguishing agent using fixing devices; the other end of the gun is equipped with a control system interface. The disadvantage of the analogue is the high cost of maintenance, the complexity of the control system and maneuvering of the aircraft platform, the delivery of extinguishing agent to a manned aircraft platform.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the maintenance costs of the fire brigade, increasing the ability to maneuver when fighting fires in high-rise buildings.

EFFECT: increased maneuverability, safety and duration of the process of extinguishing fires of high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous technological installations using unmanned aerial vehicles, while reducing cost.

The problem is solved and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous technological installations, including a flexible fire suction hose for water intake from an external fire water supply system through a fire hydrant, a fire truck equipped with a high pressure pump, flexible fire pressure hoses, including a high-pressure fire hose, a fire barrel with a nozzle, according to the invention, n saw blades are installed in the upper part of the fire engine GOVERNMENTAL aircrafts attached to them fire hoses length corresponding to the height of the fire hearth building automated unmanned aircraft and pump control system, with a metallic protective casing connected to the electric drive.

In the method of extinguishing fires, which carry out additional water intake through a fire hydrant from an external fire water supply system, supplying fire extinguishing means from the tank of a fire engine through a flexible fire hose by means of a high pressure pump to the combustion zone, extinguishing the fire is carried out remotely by an automated control system for unmanned aerial vehicles, which is set to the appropriate height and position, and they are maneuvered to transport water to the burning zone i.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a device for extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous technological installations.

Fire extinguishing device in high-rise buildings includes: 1 - fire hydrant of city water supply; 2 - suction fire hose; 3 - fire truck (with a container for extinguishing media and a high pressure pump); 4 - pressure fire hose; 5 - an unmanned aerial vehicle, controlled in an automated mode, which during a fire takes the appropriate height and position from which the fire extinguishing means are supplied from the tank of the fire engine by means of a reinforced fire hydrant, a controlled nozzle into the combustion zone; 6 - fire barrel with a nozzle for the formation of the desired water stream; 7 - water jet; 8 - high-rise building or fire and explosion hazard technological installation.

Fire extinguishing device in high-rise buildings works as follows. The vehicle drives up to a tall building with a fire on the top floor. When deploying forces and means, a protective metal structure opens in an automated mode and an unmanned aerial vehicle with a fire hose is already connected to it. An unmanned aerial vehicle rises to a certain height and with an insufficient sleeve length an additional sleeve is connected to it. A fire hose is connected to a fire extinguisher tank. Fire extinguishing. If there is a shortage of extinguishing agent in the tank, it is connected to the fire hydrant using the suction fire hoses. An unmanned aerial vehicle in an automated mode is controlled and controlled by a fireman through a control panel built into the fire engine.

An example of a specific implementation of the method

Extinguishing of a high-rise 30-story building (approximate building height - 90 m), located within the city, was carried out. The fire occurred on the 28th floor (at an altitude of approximately 84 meters).

After a fire was detected, a fire signal arrived at the nearest fire station. Fire brigade (at least 3 people in a fire truck) left the fire department and headed to the address indicated in the signal. By the time of departure, fire engines were already equipped with two controlled aircraft - quadrocopters.

The upper part of the fire engine is designed in such a way that the quadrocopters are under a metal protective cover, and the height of the gate in the garage - at the location of the fire engines in constant readiness - allows the fire truck to enter and leave without restrictions.

Upon arrival of the fire brigade at the place of ignition, firefighters, having studied the situation (distance from the fire; distance to the fire hydrant (urban); the presence of an uncluttered area; the presence of obstacles above the fire engine: power lines, lighting, trees, other structures), took the optimal position - the driver installed a fire truck at a distance of 30-50 meters from the burning building.

After the fire engine was installed in a convenient position at the signal of the driver (fire engine) in an automated mode using an electric drive, the protective cover opened and both quadrocopters started, which in automatic (programmed) mode rose to a height of 63 m (the length of three standard fire hoses connected between themselves). The distance between the quadrocopters according to the laid program was within 4 meters. Fire hoses were already attached to quadrocopters, so the lower part of the fire hose was one meter above the surface of the earth (asphalt, soil, lawn).

One fireman - the person responsible for managing quadrocopters, opened the control unit (on a fire engine, from the street). Having estimated the height of the fire site from the earth's surface and the distance from the burning building to the fire engine, the quadcopter control officer estimated the required length of the fire hose and passed this information to the second fireman. After that, firefighters connected one more sleeve to the lower parts of the hanging hoses. The quadcopter control officer, one of three firefighters, pressed the corresponding button on the control unit and the quadcopter automatically went up another 21 m. Firefighters again connected one more high pressure sleeve to the lower parts of the hanging arms and, when they pressed the corresponding button, to the control unit, the quadrocopter climbed another 21 m. The stepwise height increase procedure was performed 3 times until the quadrocopter occupied a height of 126 m. When the procedure was performed for the third time, firefighters Call high pressure hoses.

After the quadrocopters occupied a height of 126 meters, the person responsible using the control panel in an automated mode moved the quadrocopters to the fire source - to a height of 84 meters and the distance (horizontally in the light) from the burning building 5-10 meters.

The second fireman, having received a signal from the person responsible for controlling the quadrocopters, opened the tap and launched a high pressure pump to supply water through the fire hoses to the combustion zone.

The stable position of the quadrocopters from such factors as high and / or variable wind speed, vortex flows, weighting due to the supply of water to the sleeve was ensured in automatic mode due to the appropriate control sensors and systems that introduce corrections to the operation of the quadrocopter.

Movement control - changing the height and horizontal position of the quadrocopter was carried out in an automated mode - by the responsible firefighter.

From the moment fire extinguished, the third firefighter - the driver, in order to ensure uninterrupted fire extinguishing, extended a fire hose from the nearest hydrant and ensured uninterrupted water supply to the tank of the fire engine.

After eliminating the fire, the analysis of the system, consisting of quadrocopters and fire hoses, was carried out in the reverse order - the same as during the collection, but with a decrease in height.

Claims (2)

1. Fire extinguishing device in high-rise buildings and fire and explosion hazardous technological installations, including a flexible fire suction hose for water intake from an external fire water supply through a fire hydrant, a fire truck equipped with a high pressure pump, fire flexible pressure hoses, including a high pressure fire hose , a fire barrel with a nozzle, characterized in that n unmanned aerial vehicles with fire hoses attached to them are installed in the upper part of the fire engine d, corresponding to the height of the fire source of the building, an automated control system for unmanned aerial vehicles and a pump, a metal protective casing connected to the electric drive. 2. The method of extinguishing fires, which carry out additional water intake through a fire hydrant from an external fire water supply system, supplying fire extinguishing means from the tank of a fire truck through a flexible fire hose using a high pressure pump to the combustion zone, extinguishing a fire is carried out remotely through an automated control system for unmanned aerial vehicles which are set to the appropriate height and position and are maneuvered to transport water to the combustion zone .

Images