RU2707817C1 - Device for catching and recycling locusts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for mass mechanical capture of flying locusts. Device for capturing and recycling locusts comprises a centrifugal fan. Inlet hole of the fan is connected to a receiving funnel directed towards movement of locusts. Outlet hole is connected to the air duct, in which the locust killer is installed connected to the hopper, having an auger for its removal. Air pipeline is made in the form of arc-bent branch pipe, which decreases in cross-section air flow direction. Inner wall of branch pipe is equipped with air discharge holes. Means of locust destruction is made in the form of row of horizontal plates or vertical ribs, having cutting edge from below and fixed by rear ends on external wall of branch pipe at acute angle against movement of air flow.

EFFECT: protection of farmland from locusts and its use as fodder for animals, birds and fish.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, specifically to means for controlling locusts, which have just stood on the wing, lost their flight, but have not yet risen high in the air.

Currently, locust control is mainly carried out by chemical means by ground means, as well as using aircraft spraying chemicals on areas of up to hundreds of thousands of hectares.

The disadvantage is the high cost of chemical control and flight time of the aircraft, as well as a violation of the environment as a result of contamination of the soil with pesticides. In addition, locusts quickly adapt to the type of pesticides used and have to spend large amounts of money on scientific research and finding new means of chemical protection.

A known method of destroying swarms of locusts with a damaging dose of laser irradiation. The disadvantage is the high energy intensity of laser radiation on a flying locust flock, and low efficiency due to the small radiation area.

It is also known adaptation to a helicopter for the destruction of locusts by a mechanical device (patent No. 2289921, class A01M 5/08, 2006). One embodiment of the invention is a cross-sectional tube located between the helicopter wheels in the shape of a Laval nozzle, equipped with knives for dissecting locusts, which are supplied with electrical voltage for locust defeat. In another embodiment, the pump has a corrugated trunk for drawing locusts from the ground and knives that are supplied with electrical voltage.

The disadvantage of both variants of the invention is the low efficiency of locust capture by a Laval nozzle or trunk due to the small diameters of the inlets. The high air velocity and the location of the nozzle vertically above the locust catching site, according to the second embodiment, contributes to the capture of litter and soil particles. The high cost of operating devices, due to the use of a helicopter, and the fact that locusts are not disposed of, also reduces the efficiency of the devices.

A device for catching and disposing of locusts is known, including a centrifugal fan, the inlet of which is connected to a receiving bell directed to the side of the locust, and the outlet is connected by an air duct to the hopper, in which locust destruction means and auger are respectively placed to remove it from the hopper. The locust exterminator is made in the form of a cyclone having an emitting circuit of an SVP furnace inside, and a green semiconductor laser with a nozzle dividing into separate beams is located in the socket (RF Patent No. 2468579, class 5/08, 2011. Prototype).

Disadvantages - high power consumption for powering the semiconductor laser and the radiating circuit of the SVP - furnace, as well as the low efficiency of locust capture due to the small receiving window of the socket.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of a device for mass mechanical capture of flying locusts, crushing and collecting for subsequent use as feed in poultry, fish farming and animal husbandry.

The technical result is the protection of agricultural land and crops from the invasion of locusts and the provision of animals (the locust diet includes monkeys) of birds and artificially bred fish with nutritious biological feed rich in protein and protein.

The technical problem and the result are achieved in that the device for capturing and disposing of locusts contains a centrifugal fan, the inlet of which is connected to a receiving bell directed towards the movement of the locusts, and the exhaust - with an air duct, in which there is a means of destruction, connected to a hopper having a screw to remove it. New features - the design of the duct in the form of a pipe bent along an arc, having a section decreasing in the direction of the air flow, the inner wall of which is provided with air-venting openings, and the locust destruction means are made in the form of a series of horizontal plates or vertical ribs having a lower cutting edge, fixed by the rear ends on the outer wall of the pipe, at an acute angle against the movement of the air stream. These are the main essential features that create the main technical result, which consists in ensuring the capture, destruction and collection of locusts with the possibility of subsequent use as feed in poultry, fish farming and animal husbandry.

A feature of the invention is also that the receiving bell is made in the form of a cone of a polymer film with a rectangular inlet window located in a vertical plane, on the edges of which pipes are installed that are connected with each other and rods connecting with the frame, angles.

These features are optional and are attributed by me to the dependent claims, as they create an additional technical result and can be replaced by alternative features.

The causal relationship of new features and the technical result created by them is as follows.

The design of the duct in the form of a pipe bent in an arc, the inner wall of which is equipped with air-venting openings, allowed the locusts to be discarded by centrifugal force to its outer wall, and the air compressed in the tapering section of the pipe is intensively discharged into the space in front of the hopper, which eliminates the emission of locusts from the hopper by reverse movement air;

- the implementation of the means of extermination of locusts, in the form of a series of horizontal plates or, having a bottom cutting edge, vertical ribs; fixed by the rear ends on the outer wall of the pipe under a sharp ridge against the movement of the air flow, it was possible to kill, and to break up large locusts up to 6.5 cm long, with multiple blows at high speed and pressing them with centrifugal force;

- the execution of the receiving bell in the form of a cone of a polymer film with a rectangular inlet window located in a vertical plane, on the edge of which pipes are installed that can be connected to each other and with corners connecting the frame with rods, allowed to separately transport the bell in a folded form and to carry out fast and its simple dismantling and installation on the device.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a locust capture and disposal device, side view; FIG. 2 - the same, top view; FIG. 3 - place 1 in FIG. 1, shows a vertical rib with a cutting edge fixed inside the pipe on its outer wall.

Locust trapping and disposal device (hereinafter referred to as OiUS device) can be mounted on a self-propelled vehicle, for example, a tractor, a truck, having a power take-off shaft or on a stationary trailer carriage equipped with an internal combustion engine or other energy means. The device includes a frame 1, on which is mounted a centrifugal fan 2 (hereinafter referred to as a fan), connected by a drive 3 to the engine power take-off shaft. On the nozzle 4 of the inlet 5 of the fan 2, a conical receiving bell 7 made of polymer material with a rectangular inlet window 8 is secured by a shell 6. Pipes 9 are installed along the perimeter of the input window 8 at the edge of the receiving bell 7 and can be connected to each other and connected with frame 1, rods 10, corners 11. The outlet 12 of the fan 2 is connected to a duct bent along an arc, made in the form of a pipe 13 with a section decreasing in the direction of air movement connected to the hopper 14. Inside The front wall 15 of the nozzle 13 is equipped with air-venting holes 16, and inside the nozzle on its outer wall 17 is fixed locust destruction means made in the form of fencing horizontal plates 18 or vertical ribs 19 mounted at the rear end at an acute angle against the movement of air 19. Bottom of the rib 19 have a cutting edge 20. At the bottom of the hopper 14 is installed a screw 21 for removing destroyed locusts from it for further processing.

The device operates as follows. An unmanned aerial vehicle or other monitoring tools detect, determine the size, direction, altitude and flight speed of a locust flock before the last (out of five) stage of its development. Based on the data obtained, a vehicle or a towed cart with an energy tool and an OiUS device are promptly moved to a calculated place and time of the start of locust flight and a bell 7 is installed by the input window 8 towards the flock flying in the wind. Depending on the size of the flock, which in the penultimate stage of development flies at a low altitude in the wind and at low speed with a wide front, it is advisable to install several OiUS devices in the line, the sockets 7 of which adjoin each other and capture the front line of locust catching several tens of meters.

The drive 3 from the engine power take-off shaft includes a centrifugal fan 2 (hereinafter referred to as the fan), which creates a suction air flow in the conical receiving bell 7, which, together with the wind flow directed towards it, carries locusts into the inlet 5 of the high-speed fan 2. Blades, with a larger locusts are discarded by speed to the wall of fan 2 and through the outlet 12, to the outer wall 17 connected to it, bent along the arc of the nozzle 13. Locusts repeatedly with high speed and centrifugal force repeatedly of hits in each baffle plate 18 and the die. When catching a large Asian or Migratory Locust (Locusta migratoria), reaching a size of 6.5 cm, vertical ribs 19 are installed, which cut it with cutting edges 20. The air flow in the branch pipe 13 curved along the arc is compressed and completely removed through the openings 16 on the inner wall 15, and only locusts are practically discharged into the hopper 14. This eliminated the formation of reverse air flow and the emission of locusts from the hopper 14. Collected locusts with the screw 21 are removed from the hopper 14 for further processing and use as biological feed in poultry and fish farming. When transporting the device to the locust capture site or moving to another section, pipes 9 and rods 10 connected by corners 11 are disconnected, and the receiving bell 7 is rolled up.

The application of the invention provides for the mass capture and disposal of locusts in the initial stage of development, by a simple device, the manufacture of which can be carried out besides the plant by regional machine-building enterprises for the production of agricultural machinery. The use of the invention without requiring large financial, material and labor costs and will create a multimillion-dollar economic effect due to the conservation of agricultural land from crop destruction from locusts and its use as valuable biological material for animal, bird and fish feed.

Claims (2)

1. A device for capturing and disposing of locusts, including a centrifugal fan, the inlet of which is connected to a receiving bell directed towards the movement of locusts, and the outlet with an air duct, in which locust control means are connected, connected to a hopper having a screw for its removal, characterized in that the duct is made in the form of a pipe bent in an arc, decreasing in the direction of movement of the air of the cross section, the inner wall of which is equipped with vents venting the air, and the means of destruction sa The ranches are made in the form of a series of horizontal plates or with vertical edges having a cutting edge below, fixed by the rear ends on the outer wall of the pipe at an acute angle against the movement of the air stream. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the receiving bell is made in the form of a cone of a polymer film with a rectangular entrance window located in a vertical plane on which pipes are installed, which are connected with the possibility of disconnection among themselves, and with corners connected to the frame by rods .

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