RU2700735C1 - Expandable fire-rescue system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to firefighting equipment intended for fire extinguishing and rescue operations in high-rise buildings. Sliding fire-and-rescue system comprises a telescopic ladder structure, a device for evacuation of people and a device for supplying water to a large height, equipped with alternatively switched and disengaged lifting hydraulic cylinders, fire escape, safety ropes, cradle, rescue cables with connecting carbines, winches, individual rescue appliances, pipes fixed on sections of fire escape, pipe inserts with cones and sockets, branch pipes with ball valves and bells, intermediate pumps with pressure sensors, fire hoses with cones.EFFECT: sliding fire-rescue system is proposed.1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment designed to extinguish fires in high-rise buildings and structures and the evacuation of people.

When considering the technical literature, a number of technical solutions related to this issue were identified.

A fire-rescue vehicle, a support base frame, a tank mounted on it, a lifting and turning device, a fire and rescue ladder and a system for its extension, in which a telescopic fire and rescue ladder comprises a subframe connected to a supporting and rotary device, a knee packet extension mechanism, are known equipped with a tackle system containing blocks covered by a cable installed on the upper and lower end sections of the corresponding elbow, a railing installed on the end of the stairs for saving people (patent for invention RU 2292928, class АСС 27/00, published on February 10, 2007, bull. No. 4).

A fire-rescue vehicle is known, in which a telescopic fire-rescue ladder contains sections with steps, side lattice guards, longitudinal rotary shields and spring-loaded brake elements for adjustable sliding of evacuated people, a cradle for saving people installed on the end of the stairs (patent for invention RU 2633943, CL A62C 27/00, published on 10/19/2017, bull. No. 29).

The disadvantages of these sliding stairs are:

the large expenditures of time and manual labor associated with the deployment of fire hoses and feeding them up the stairs to the fire extinguishing site;

limited capabilities of injection devices for supplying water to a high height;

the need to use pumping units with high characteristics for the generated pressure, as well as fire hoses of increased strength;

a large investment of time for lowering and raising the knees of the stairs to save people in the cradle and the temporary cessation of extinguishing the fire associated with this.

Closest to the claimed invention is a fire engine, comprising, a vehicle chassis, a platform, a slewing ring, telescopic booms with a tubular section with a cradle at the end, connected to a sliding ladder and a foam conduit made telescopic from coaxially placed one in the other sealed sections tubular section, equipped at the junction with a hermetic seal with the possibility of simultaneous extension-folding, folding staircase guard nt for the invention RU 2236271, class А62С 27/00, published on September 21, 2004, bull. No. 26).

The disadvantages of the sliding ladder used in the fire truck are:

limited possibilities for supplying water through a telescopic pipeline from one pump unit to a large height due to the limited height of the liquid generated by the pump;

the need to use pumping units with high characteristics in terms of the pressure created due to the decrease in the inner diameter of the foaming duct along its length when using the telescopic design of the foaming duct;

high time spent on repeated cycles of lowering and raising the cradle to save people.

The problem solved in the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks by implementing a technical solution that provides the ability to supply water to any height of the sliding fire ladder and evacuating people with limited mobility from high heights.

The technical result of the invention consists in expanding the technical capabilities for supplying water to extinguish a fire to a great height, reducing the time for evacuation of people in extreme situations, including those with limited mobility, and ensuring safety during such evacuation.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved as a result of the fact that, according to the invention, the sliding fire rescue system comprises a telescopic ladder structure mounted on the platform, a device for evacuating people and a device for supplying water to a great height through a sliding fire ladder, a telescopic ladder the design includes a telescopic boom of rectangular cross section, in the internal cavity of which the lifting hydraulic cylinder is alternately switched on and off s, and a fire escape made in a telescopic structure, each section of which is equipped on both sides with a fence and a rigid connection of its front end part by means of a support with the front end part of the corresponding section of the telescopic boom, the device for evacuating people includes safety cables, each of which is fixed to the side of the upper surface of each section of the fire escape, the cradle attached to the front end part of the latter, counting from the platform upward, the sections of the fire escape , and rescue equipment installed on each side of the telescopic ladder structure, each of which consists of a rescue cable equipped with connecting carabiners, a winch equipped with at least two brake elements, a pulley and individual rescue equipment configured to connect to the connecting carabiners and disconnecting from them, a device for supplying water to a great height on a sliding fire ladder contains t secured on each of the sections of the fire ladder ubu with upper and lower pipe inserts installed at its ends, intermediate pumps installed in front of the corresponding upper pipe inserts based on the estimated maximum height of water lifting through the pipes, pressure sensors installed in front of the intermediate pumps and designed to turn these pumps on and off, each of the upper the pipe inserts are equipped with a cone designed to connect the socket of the subsequent pipe, and a pipe with a ball valve and a socket designed to connect fire hose, and each of the lower tube is provided with a socket inserts, each socket to ensure tightness of the connection is provided with a sealing member.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-7.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a sliding fire and rescue ladder, top view.

In FIG. 2 schematically shows a sliding fire and rescue ladder before lifting the first section of the telescopic boom, side view (phase I).

In FIG. 3 schematically shows a sliding fire and rescue ladder after lifting the first section of the telescopic boom, side view (phase II).

In FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a telescopic boom.

In FIG. 5 schematically shows a device for evacuating people, a side view.

In FIG. 6 schematically shows a device for supplying water to a great height, side view.

In FIG. 7 schematically shows a detachable socket connection of pipes of a device for supplying water to a high height, side view.

In FIG. FIG. 1-7 the following notation is used:

1 - telescopic boom;

2 - section of the fire escape;

3 - cradle;

4 - rescue cable;

5 - a pulley;

6 - winch;

7 - reference hydraulic cylinder;

8 - fencing;

9 - safety cable;

10 - pipe;

11 - cone;

12 - bell;

13 - axis;

14 - lifting hydraulic cylinder;

15 - connecting carbine;

16 - an individual means of salvation;

17 - upper tube insert;

18 - lower pipe insert;

19 - pipe;

20 - ball valve;

21 - an intermediate pump;

22 - pressure sensor;

23 - a fire hose;

24 - a sealing element;

25 - support;

26 - brake element.

Sliding fire rescue system operates as follows.

Installation of a telescopic staircase is performed in the following sequence. In the internal cavity of a telescopic boom 1 of rectangular cross section, lifting hydraulic cylinders 14 are placed one above the other on a common axis in order to enable them to be switched on and off and hoisted by one lifting hydraulic cylinder 14 of one section of the telescopic boom 1. To the upper surface of the first section, counting from the platform upwards, sections telescopic boom 1 fixedly attach the first, counting from the platform up, section of the fire escape 2, on which the second, counting from the platform up, section of the fire section estnitsy 2 and rigidly secured in the front end portion on a support 25 whose base is fixedly mounted on the front end portion of the second counting from the platform upward telescopic boom section 1. All subsequent fire ladder section 2 is mounted in a similar sequence to form a telescopic structure fire ladder. To ensure safe operation, each section of the fire ladder 2 is provided with a fence on both sides 8. The mounted telescopic ladder structure is mounted on a platform (not shown) and the supporting hydraulic cylinder 7, which is also mounted on the platform, is counted from the platform upward, starting from the platform upwards. (not shown).

Installation of a device for evacuating people is carried out in the following sequence. To ensure the safety of self-descent of people along the fire escape, a safety cable 9 is fixed on the side of the upper surface of each section of the fire escape 2 with the possibility of attaching to it carabiners of individual safety devices (not shown) that provide evacuated people. On the end part of the latter, counting from the platform upward, sections of the fire escape 2 secure the cradle 3. When installing rescue equipment for evacuating people who are not able to independently move along the fire escape, on the end of the latter, counting from the platform upward, sections of the fire escape 2 are installed axis 13 with two pulleys 5 fixed at its ends, on each of which a rescue cable 4 is installed, which in the lower part is mounted on a winch 6 mounted on a platform (not shown). The rescue cable 4 is made of sections of a length of approximately 5.0 m each, fastened together using connecting carabiners 15, to which individual rescue equipment 16 is attached during the evacuation of people. To ensure a safe speed of the rescue cable 4, each of the two winches 6 is fixed at least two brake elements 26, made with the possibility of regulating the force of their pressing against the rescue cable 4. To ensure the possibility of moving individual means of rescue 16 along the pulleys 5 and drum Anu (not shown) winch 6 they perform in a soft design. In the folded (initial) position of the sliding fire-rescue system, the length of the rescue cable 4 is performed from the condition of providing 1.1 distances from the drum (not shown) of the winch 6 to the pulley 5, after lifting the latter, counting from the platform upwards, sections of the fire escape 2.

Installation of a device for supplying water to a great height on a sliding fire escape is performed in the following sequence. A pipe 10 is fixed on the side of each section of the fire escape 2. An upper pipe insert 17 is attached to the upper end of the pipe 10 with a cone 11 installed at its end and a pipe 19 connected to its upper part, on which a ball valve 20 and a socket 12 are mounted. To the lower the end of the pipe 10 is attached to the lower pipe insert 18 with a cone 6 mounted on its end. The upper 17 and lower 18 pipe inserts are arcuate in such a way that the cones 11 and the pipes 12 connected to them when lifting sections of the fire escape 2 odilis on the same axis. A sealing element 24 is installed in the inner cavity of each bell 12. A cone 11 is fixed at the end of each fire hose 23.

Based on the calculated maximum height of the rise of water on the respective pipes 10, in front of the upper tube inserts 17, intermediate pumps 21 and pressure sensors 22 are mounted to which an electrical power supply (not shown) is connected.

When lifting the sliding fire-rescue system, 3 firefighters are placed in the cradle with the necessary set of equipment (fire hose 23, individual safety equipment (not shown), individual rescue equipment 16), include a hydraulic pump (not shown), apply pressure to the support hydraulic cylinder 7, thereby providing the necessary angle of elevation of the system.

Pressure is applied to the last, from the platform upward, lifting hydraulic cylinder 14, under the influence of which the last section of the telescopic boom 1 and the last section of the fire ladder 2 connected to it through the support 25 are raised. After the last section of the fire ladder 2 reaches the maximum extension level into the socket 12 of the lower the pipe insert 18 of the pipe 10 mounted on the last section of the fire escape 2 is connected to the cone 11 of the upper pipe insert 17 of the pipe 10 mounted on the subsequent fire escape section 2. In this case, the tightness of the connection is ensured by the sealing element 24 and the outer surface of the end part of the cone 11 touching the inner surface of the socket 12. If necessary, raise the next section of the telescopic boom 1 and the next section of the fire escape 2 connected to it via the support 25 and increase the length of the rescue the cable 4 by connecting with the help of connecting carabiners 15 the required number of segments of the rescue cable 4, apply pressure to the next lower lifting g cylinder 14 and repeat the above sequence of actions.

After completion of the extension of the sections of the fire escape 2 to the required height, the main pump (not shown) is turned on and water is supplied through the pipes 10. When the column of water in the pipes 10 of the first pressure sensor 22 reaches, the intermediate pump 21 is automatically turned on. In subsequent sections between the intermediate pumps 21, they are switched on in the same way.

To connect the fire hose 23, the cone 11 fixed at its end is inserted into the socket 12 mounted on the pipe 19 and the ball valve 20 is opened.

When carrying out rescue operations, each of the people with the ability to independently descend the fire escape is equipped with an individual safety device (not shown), the carabiner of which is connected to the safety rope 9 of the last, counting from the platform upward, sections of the fire escape 2. On each subsequent fire section ladders 2 re-attach the carabiner of an individual safety device (not shown) to the corresponding safety cable 9. The guard 8 is used for rotation of incidence of people with a fire escape in the lateral direction at different influences (wind, mechanical).

When conducting rescue operations on each of the people who do not have the ability to independently descend the fire escape, an individual rescue device 16 is fixed, the carabiner of which is fixed on the connecting carabiner 15, the winch 6 is turned on, adjusting the descent speed using the brake elements 26. At the same time, the rescue cable 4 move along the pulley 5, rotating on the axis 13. After the person being saved reaches the platform (not shown), the carbine of its individual rescue device 16 is disconnected from the connecting carbine 15, take the individual means of salvation 16 and attach it to the connecting carbine 15, moving up.

Bringing the sliding fire and rescue system to its original position is performed in the reverse order.

Thus, as a result of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, the technical capabilities for supplying water to extinguish a fire to a great height are expanded, time for evacuating people in extreme situations, including those with limited mobility, is reduced, and safety is improved during such evacuation.

Claims (1)

An extensible fire-rescue system comprising a telescopic ladder structure mounted on a platform, a device for evacuating people and a device for supplying water to a high height along a sliding fire ladder, the telescopic ladder structure includes a telescopic boom of rectangular cross section, in the cavity of which are switched on and off alternately lifting hydraulic cylinders and a fire escape made in a telescopic structure, each section of which is equipped on both sides on the fence and rigid connection of its front end part by means of a support with the front end part of the corresponding section of the telescopic boom, the device for evacuating people includes safety cables, each of which is fixed to the side of the upper surface of each section of the fire escape, a cradle attached to the front end part of the last counting from the platform upwards, the sections of the fire escape, and the rescue equipment installed on each of the sides of the telescopic staircase, is equipped each of which consists of a rescue cable equipped with connecting carabiners, a winch equipped with at least two brake elements, a pulley and individual rescue equipment made with the possibility of connecting to the connecting carabiners and disconnecting from them, a device for supplying water to a high height the sliding fire ladder contains a pipe fixed on each of the sections of the fire ladder with upper and lower pipe inserts installed at its ends, intermediate pumps installed in front of the corresponding upper pipe inserts, based on the calculated maximum height of the water rising through the pipes, pressure sensors installed in front of the intermediate pumps and designed to turn these pumps on and off, each of the upper pipe inserts is equipped with a cone designed to connect the socket of the subsequent pipe, and a branch pipe with a ball a faucet and a bell designed to connect a fire hose, and each of the lower pipe inserts is equipped with a bell, each bell to provide pressurized The connection is equipped with a sealing element.

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