RU2695387C1 - Decoration method of facades - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: furniture.

SUBSTANCE: method relates to the field of decorative design of articles from wood materials, in particular to production of cabinet furniture facades. Proposed method comprises fixation of false shaped element made of wood glue mass by hot pressing. Said shaped element may be volumetric and have curvilinear contours; front surface of element may be pre-painted, including with application of painting; fastening of shaped element on bearing surface can be performed by means of glue or pins, dowels, screws.

EFFECT: application of the proposed method allows to simplify the facade decoration technology due to fixation of the decorative element on the finished bearing base without preliminary recesses in it of recesses and subsequent lining, which will make the process less labor-intensive; will make it possible to use this technology in batch production due to shaping of shaped element regardless of bearing base, which will ensure its production accuracy and recurrence, increase the quality of facade surfaces and artistic value of the product.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the woodworking and furniture industry, and in particular to the field of decorative design of facade surfaces of parts from wood materials, in particular, in the manufacture of cabinet furniture, facing panels, doors and other wood products.

Currently, various methods are used to perform relief decoration on the facade surfaces of products: milling [Bartashevich A.A., Onegin V.I., Shetko SV. Technology of artistic processing of wood. Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2013.-.e. 208], thread [Bartashevich A.A., Onegin V.I., Shetko SV. Technology of artistic processing of wood. Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2013 .-- p. 133-201], stamping [Bartashevich A.A., Onegin V.I., Shetko SV. Technology of artistic processing of wood. Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2013 .-- p. 212].

Milling does not allow to obtain finished coated surfaces, requires the use of sophisticated equipment; high demands are placed on the manufacture and preparation of cutting tools. These factors lead to increased energy and labor costs for the manufacture of reliefs by milling, to an increase in the cost of manufacturing parts.

Carving is of limited use in the production of industrial serial products, since it is a laborious method that requires high qualification of the carver, the selection and manufacture of special cutters, the use of special types of wood that are well amenable to carving as the basis. These factors determine the high complexity and high cost of the process.

Obtaining reliefs by embossing is energy-consuming, applicable to a limited range of wood materials, and also has restrictions on the height of the resulting relief.

A known method of decorating facade surfaces of furniture [Pat. 2 419 553 Russian Federation, MKP B44C 3/00 Method for decorating facade surfaces of furniture / Volodin I.A., Medvedev V.I., Nikiforov S.N., Soldatenkov A.M., applicants Volodin I.A., Medvedev V.I., Nikiforov S.N., Soldatenkov A.M .; patent holder Amarant-T Limited Liability Company - No. 2010130212/12; declared 07/19/2010, publ. 05/27/2011 - 2 s], including the implementation of the laid-on shaped element and fixing it on a carrier basis, characterized in that the laid on shaped element is made in the form of two identical parts, and in the carrier basis a cut is made, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the laid on shaped element in the plan, then in both parts of the overlay shaped element, angular samples are made over the entire contour of the parts of the overlaid shaped element to a depth of not less than half the thickness of the bearing base, applied to the inner surfaces of the parts -stand shaped element adhesive layer, and then applied part of the mounting of the shaped element from opposite sides of the base substrate so that its edges are in angular sampling parts surface-shaped element.

The disadvantages of this method are the increased complexity of preparing the carrier base when making a cut, especially with a complex curved contour of the overhead shaped element, as well as high material consumption due to the removal of the central part of the carrier base and the need to double the number of shaped elements in connection with the peculiarities of their fastening.

There is also a method of obtaining a convex relief fragment on the surface of the product mainly from wood [US Pat. 2 243 101 Ros. Federation, INC B44C 3/02. A method of obtaining a convex relief fragment on the surface of the product / Papus N.G., Romanyuk N.G., applicants Papus N.G., Romanyuk N.G .; patent holder Limited Liability Company Veres LLC - No. 2003102301/12; declared 01/27/2003, publ. 12/27/2004 - 2 s], which includes the designation of the location of the indicated fragment on the surface of the product, the manufacture of a convex relief fragment and its varnish coating, characterized in that before the manufacture of the indicated fragment, the designated place is lubricated with water-based glue, sprinkled with wood sawdust on top and kept in air until dry, after which, to produce a fragment, a semi-liquid plastic mass is applied to the resulting substrate in layers until the desired bulge (height) is obtained with obligatory drying by each applied layer.

The disadvantages of this method are the increased complexity and duration of the formation of a convex embossed fragment, as well as the primary area of use in individual production due to the difficulty of forming identical fragments in a series of decorated facades.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the design and technology of the decorated front panel of furniture [Pat. 118 522 Ros. Federation, MKP А47В 96/00. Decorated furniture front panel / S. Teryaev S., applicant S. Teryaev; patent holder Teryaev S.S.- No. 2012113373/12; declared 04/06/2012, publ. 07/27/2012 - 2 s], containing a base in the form of a plate with a flat or radial surface, on the front side of which a decor is formed in the form of a three-dimensional pattern of protrusions and recesses, characterized in that the recesses on the front side of the plate are slices of the surface layer of the plate, obtained by milling, and the protrusions are individually made pads glued to the surface of the plate on its front side in areas between the recesses, while the front side of the plate over the decor is covered with glue layer and covered with a polymer film fixed by the specified adhesive on the protrusions and in the recesses under the action of a vacuum press.

The disadvantages of this method are the increased complexity of the formation of a convex relief through the use of an additional operation of milling depressions, which also leads to the need for subsequent lining of the front surface of the decorated facade.

The technical result of the proposed method for decorating facades is to simplify the technology of decorating the facade by fixing the finished (pre-made) decorative element on a finished load-bearing base, with a finished protective and decorative coating, without first selecting recesses and subsequent lining in it; simplification of the technology of fastening the decorative element on the facade due to the rejection of the preliminary technological operation of selecting the opening in the carrier base, which will make the process less time-consuming, as well as the possibility of application in serial production due to the formation of the shaped element regardless of the carrier base, which will ensure its accuracy of manufacture and repeatability.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows. The facade surface of a part made of wood material is decorated by attaching to it a shaped element imitating volumetric figures, including geometric figures, characters and ornament elements, etc., the surface of which can also be painted, have a picture, including in the form of a painting . The shaped element is formed by hot pressing at a temperature of 140 ÷ 190 ° C and a pressure of 40 ÷ 50 MPa from a wood-adhesive mass, including sawdust, water, technical starch, rosin, hot pressing waste, with the simultaneous facing of the element’s face surface with facing materials , for example, with films, and after hot pressing, technological exposure is carried out for at least 3 hours. The formation of the element from the wood-glue mass allows the production of decorative figures of various sizes, heights and shape, which increases the artistic value of the product. The presence of chemicals in the wood-glue mass does not exceed 5% of the total mass, which makes the decor environmentally friendly, safe for human health, improves the quality of parts.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-4, which show some options for the shape of the shaped element and methods for their fastening.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows an example of a shaped element made in the form of a relief image of a lion's head having a curved contour, protrusions and recesses of various heights on the front surface and a smooth wrong surface, on which the element will then be fixed to the furniture part.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a shaped element in the form of a relief figure of a lion with smooth streamlined contours and a smooth wrong surface, on which the element will then be fixed to the furniture part.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the fastening of the shaped element to the facade of the decorated part using adhesive bonding. On the facade of the detail to be decorated 1, the fastening zone 2 of the shaped element is marked in advance; on the wrong surface of the shaped element 3, a layer of glue is applied to the surface 4, after which the element 3 is installed in zone 2.

In FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the fastening of the shaped element to the facade of the decorated part using pins. On the facade of the detail to be decorated 1, the fastening zone 2 of the shaped element is marked in advance; within this zone, holes 5 are marked and drilled in the surface 4, with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pins installed in the element 3, at an appropriate distance, after which the element 3 is installed in zone 2.

The essence of the method of decorating facades is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

In order to decorate the facade of a kitchen cabinet measuring 450 by 600 mm, a shaped element is made from a wood press mass in the shape of a lion's shape.

For this, a cladding material - a PVC film is laid in a HDTV press with a relief matrix, then a press mass consisting of 40% wood sawdust, 30% water, 18% technical starch, 2% rosin, 10% hot pressing waste is laid. Next, pressing is performed for 40 minutes at a temperature of 140 ÷ 190 ° C and a pressure of 40 ÷ 50 MPa, then extraction and technological exposure for at least 3 hours. On the smooth wrong side of the shaped element obtained during the pressing process, 2 holes are drilled for dowels with a diameter of 8 mm and a depth of 10 mm. Mating holes are drilled on the cabinet facade. Next, the product is painted with acrylic paints, flat brushes No. 7-8 in the traditions of the Ural-Siberian Vyatka painting: the main color spots are applied to the front surface of the shaped element - undermining of the main elements of the lion character, then made using the double brushstroke technique, and then a thin brush is made brush number 1-2 black (dark) or white. Then, the shaped element is mounted on the decorated facade by installing dowels in the prepared holes using glue.

Example 2. In order to decorate the panel of the interior door with a size of 400 by 500 mm, a shaped element is made from a wood press mass in the shape of a lion's head. For this, a cladding material - a PVC film is laid in the HDTV press with a relief matrix, then a press mass is laid, consisting of 42% wood sawdust, 25% water, 20% technical starch, 3% rosin, 6% hot pressing waste. Then it is pressed for 30 minutes at a temperature of 140 ÷ 190 ° C and a pressure of 40 ÷ 50 MPa, then extraction and technological exposure for at least 3 hours. Adhesive is applied to the smooth seamy surface obtained during the pressing process and fastened by means of an adhesive joint.

Application of the proposed method allows to simplify the technology of decorating the facade by fixing the finished (prefabricated) decorative element on the finished carrier base (with the finished protective-decorative coating) without first selecting recesses and subsequent cladding in it, which will make the process less time-consuming; will make it possible to use this technology in serial production by forming a shaped element regardless of the bearing base, which will ensure its accuracy and repeatability, increase the quality of facade surfaces and the artistic value of the product.

Claims (6)

1. The method of decorating facades, including the manufacture of surface-mounted shaped element by hot pressing at a temperature of 140 ÷ 190 ° C from a wood-adhesive mass, including sawdust, technical starch and hot pressing waste, and fixing it on a carrier basis, characterized in that the manufacture the shaped element is carried out at a pressure of 40 ÷ 50 MPa from a wood-glue mass, which additionally includes water and rosin, and after hot pressing, technological exposure is carried out for at least 3 hours. 2. The method of decorating facades according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaped element may have curved contours. 3. The method of decorating facades according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaped element can be voluminous in order to simulate geometric shapes, characters and elements of ornament. 4. The method of decorating facades according to claim 1, characterized in that the front surface of the shaped element during pressing can be simultaneously lined with films, veneer or other facing materials. 5. The method of decorating facades according to claim 1, characterized in that the front surface of the shaped element can be painted, including having a pattern, in particular in the form of a painting. 6. The method of decorating facades according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the shaped element on a carrier basis is made by detachable or integral connections, for example, with glue, a pin connection, dowel connection, screws.

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