RU2689950C1 - Method for preserving bone anatomical preparations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, particularly to preparation of anatomical preparations. Method of preserving bone anatomical preparations involves wet cleaning of bone material, drying at room temperature, degreasing, treatment in a fixing solution, drying and polishing. Fixing solution used is a transparent modernized two-component solution based on epoxy resin Art-Eco. Bone preparation is placed into the solution, completely immersing it, then the solution is degassed in the vacuum chamber. At the end of degassing, solution is heated to temperature of 45–50 °C for replacement of air with fixing solution in cavity of bone preparation. Then the bone preparation is taken out of the solution, dried and repeated if necessary, the above immersion of the preparation, degassing, heating and drying till complete absence of air bubbles from the bone preparation. Further, the first layer of the fixing solution is poured into the mold without a preparation with thickness of 0.5–1 cm, held for 3–5 hours until the solution is not completely cured, the bone preparation is placed on the first layer and the second layer of the solution is poured so that above the completely submerged preparation from above was 1–2 cm of solution. In a day, the prepared preparation is removed from the mold and allowed to dry for another two days, after which the preparation is ground and polished with a water-resistant emery paper of different granularity.EFFECT: proposed method for preserving bone anatomical preparations enables preserving a bone preparation of any size and shape, without loss of visualization, protects from aggressive media, does not require special storage conditions for the preparation, prolongs the storage life of the preparation.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine and can be used in educational work of the departments of normal and pathological anatomy of medical universities, anatomical museums, collections.

The main problem of the preservation of bone drugs is their insecurity and constant contact with students and teachers. Many bone preparations are very fragile and small in size, so damage and loss of them is a frequent occurrence. There are also unique drugs with different abnormalities that need to be maintained for a long time, but they must be used in the educational process.

In medicine, there are two widely used methods of preparing bone preparations - by maceration (otkivaniya soft tissues in water) and by digestion (Pikalyuk B.C., Moroz G.A., Kutya S.A. Manual on the manufacture of anatomical preparations, Simferopol, 2004). In the future, the bones can be bleached in a solution of hydrogen peroxide or under the action of sunlight. The subsequent use of bone preparations in museum collections and in practical classes with medical students does not imply methods for their additional preservation.

Despite the apparent strength, bone preparations, especially those consisting of spongy bone tissue - the epiphyses of the long tubular bones, pelvic bones, vertebrae, sacrum, sternum, clavicle, are subject to intense destruction as a result of studying their structure during practical exercises.

Given the great difficulty of obtaining sufficient cadaveric material for educational and research purposes, prolongation of the life of bone material in the departments of the normal anatomy of medical universities is a very urgent task.

Known methods of preserving drugs in liquids: formalin, alcohol, author solutions. These methods are applied using various kinds of chemical reagents. A very important disadvantage is the unpleasant smell of chemical solutions, which creates difficulties for the absorption of the material and can cause hostility to the subject.

There is a method of preserving anatomical preparations using polymer blends. The polymer mixture is prepared by dissolving polyurethane foam (foam) in xylene. With prolonged (2-3 weeks) storage of the drug in the open form of its tissue, they need to be restored to their original volume, which is achieved by immersing the drug for 1-2 days in a polymer mixture, which can be used for storage.

The disadvantage of this method will be the need to update the drug, which is costly, both economically and in time. [V.S. Pikalyuk, G.A. Moroz, S.A. Kutya Methodical manual for the manufacture of anatomical preparations. - Simferopol, 2004. - 76 p.]

The closest to the claimed invention is a method of preserving bone anatomical preparations, including cleaning the bone from soft tissues, degreasing, drying and applying to the bone preparation a preservative composition, Dragon polymer adhesive mixed with acetone in a ratio of 1: (1-3). The bone preparation is impregnated 1-3 times, and after each time the preparation is dried (RF patent for IZ No. 2528958, application No. 2013121701/13).

This method is economical and safe, but is not able to provide complete protection of the drug from mechanical stress.

The objective of the invention is the extension of the service life and protection of bone preparations from mechanical effects due to their preservation in a solution based on epoxy resins.

The problem is solved by the proposed method of preserving bone anatomical preparations containing wet cleaning of bone material, drying at room temperature, degreasing, manufacturing fixing solution - Art-Eco two-component based on transparent modernized epoxy resins, for which the components of the solution are mixed and actively mixed, then the bone preparation placed in the solution, completely submerging it, then carry out the degassing of the solution in a vacuum chamber, at the end of degassing conducting t heating the solution to a temperature of 45 ° -50 ° C to replace the air with a fixing solution in the cavity of the bone preparation, then the bone preparation is removed from the solution and dried, repeat, if necessary, the above-mentioned immersion of the preparation, degassing, heating and drying to the complete absence of outgoing air bubbles from bone preparation, then pour the first layer of the solution without the drug 0.5–1 cm thick into the mold, stand for 3-5 hours until the solution is not completely set, place the bone preparation on the first layer and pour the second layer of the solution with this Thus, over the fully immersed preparation from above there was 1-2 cm of the solution, after a day take the finished preparation out of the mold and leave to dry for another two days, after which the preparation is polished and polished with waterproof emery paper with different grain sizes to get rid of minor manufacturing defects and irregularities.

During conservation, no volatile chemical compounds are released, which allows production in enclosed spaces; the result is a completely transparent drug in a thick protective sheath.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the preservation in this solution ensures the strength and durability of the preparations, without loss of visualization, since this solution is completely transparent.

The invention is illustrated graphic material. FIG. 1, for example, shows the finished bone preparation of the occipital bone, top view, side view of FIG. 3, a bottom view of FIG. 2

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

The bone material is subjected to wet cleaning and degreasing, after which it remains at room temperature until it is completely dry. Then prepare a fixing solution (Art-Eco two-component on the basis of transparent upgraded epoxy resins):

a) Component "A" is an epoxy resin and is mixed with component "B" in a 2: 1 ratio. Component "B" is a hardener.

b) At the first stage of mixing, it is necessary to actively stir for 2-3 minutes, after which it is necessary to pour into another container and mix for another 1-2 minutes.

1. Next, the bone preparation should be placed in the solution, completely dipping it.

2. After this, the solution is degassed, the time depends on the amount of the solution, degassing is carried out in a vacuum chamber.

3. At the end of degassing, it is necessary to heat the solution; at this stage, the air is replaced with a fixing solution in the cavity of the bone preparation.

4. After the temperature of the solution is 45-50 ° C, you need to get the drug and leave to dry.

5. Stages 1-4 must be repeated until there is no air bubbles out of the bone preparation.

6. For the final pouring of the drug, it is necessary to pour the first layer of the solution without the drug 0.5–1 cm thick into the prepared mold, preferably plastic.

7. After 3-5 hours, i.e. before the solution is completely frozen, it is necessary to put the bone preparation on the first layer and pour the second layer in which the preparation is completely submerged so that it is 1-2 cm above.

8. A day later get the finished product and leave to dry for another two days.

9. Next, the drug must be sanded and polished: it is necessary to grind with waterproof emery paper of various grit from 400 to 2500 (400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500).

Polishing is done with a polish to eliminate scratches from plastic surfaces. First, the foam rubber polishing wheel, and after the felt circle.

The present invention allows for the preservation of bone preparation of any size and shape, without loss of visualization. This method of preservation protects against the effects of concentrated hydrochloric and acetic acids. No special storage conditions required. Drugs can be stored indefinitely. Thus, the developed method of preservation of bone drugs can be used in the educational process.

Claims (1)

Method of preserving bone anatomical preparations containing wet cleaning of bone material, drying at room temperature, degreasing, manufacturing fixing solution - Art-Eco two-component based on transparent epoxy resins, for which the components of the solution: epoxy resin and hardener are mixed and actively mixed, then the bone preparation placed in the solution, completely submerging it, then the solution is degassed in a vacuum chamber, after the degassing is completed, the solution is heated to a temperature 45-50 ° C to replace the air in the fixing solution in the cavity of the bone preparation, then the bone preparation is removed from the solution and dried, repeat if necessary, the above immersion of the preparation, degassing, heating and drying until there are no outgoing air bubbles from the bone preparation, then pour the first a layer of the solution without a preparation 0.5-1 cm thick into the form, stand for 3-5 hours until the solution is completely frozen, place the bone preparation on the first layer and pour the second layer of the solution so that over completely the applied preparation on top was 1-2 cm of the solution, a day later the finished preparation was taken out of the mold and left to dry for another two days, after which the preparation was polished and polished with waterproof emery paper with different grain sizes.

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