RU2426311C2 - Method of polymer embalming of anatomical preparations with siloxane compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine. Polymer embalming of anatomical preparations with liquid siloxane compositions contains medical purpose caoutchouc - methylvinyldimethylsiloxane polymer, linking agent - platinum hydrochloric acid, catalyst -hydridesiloxane oligomer. Anatomical preparation is soaked in polymer composition under impact of ultrasound with frequency 60 kHz with intensity 80 dB, at -15°C for 7-10 days. After extraction from polymer composition preparation is hardened in thermostat at 36-40°C for 40-50 hours.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to accelerate process of embalming, increase quality of anatomical preparations.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to human anatomy, and can be used for the manufacture of polymer embalmed anatomical preparations.

A well-known method of impregnating tissues with silicone polymers in the manufacture of anatomical preparations, including replacing tissue fluid with acetone, followed by evacuation of the drug immersed in a cold polymer composition (G. von Hagens, K.Tiedemann, W.Kriz, The Current Potential of Plastination. - Anatomy and Embryology (1987) 175: 411-421).

The disadvantage of this method is the low speed of the impregnation process, since acetone does not dissolve the silicone composition, and its mechanical substitution on the polymer is possible only with prolonged exposure of the preparations in high vacuum (3-5 mmHg), which requires the use of expensive equipment and significant energy costs. The consequence of this method of replacing acetone with a silicone composition is the unevenness of the impregnation of drugs, which creates the conditions for the formation of unpolymerized areas in the thickness of organs. This also contributes to the low content of the curing catalyst in the polymer composition, requiring additional exposure of the impregnated preparation in a gas chamber with a sprayed hardener.

A known method of embalming anatomical preparations with silicone compositions containing rubber for medical purposes (methyl vinyl dimethylsiloxane polymer), a crosslinking agent (platinum chloride hydrochloride) and a catalyst (hydridosiloxane oligomer) by holding the preparations at a reduced temperature in the specified composition, followed by thermostating (RU 21827.0566, C2. 2002). The method we have chosen as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the process, the high cost and low quality of the resulting preparations.

The aim of the invention is to accelerate, reduce the cost of embalming, improving the quality of anatomical preparations.

The goal is achieved in that in an anatomical preparation prepared for embalming, the tissue fluid is replaced with a dehydrating agent and immersed in a polymer composition containing medical rubber, a crosslinking agent and a catalyst, the tissue fluid being replaced with alcohol, and a rhodium complex is used as the crosslinking agent; the composition with the drug is cooled to -9-15 ° C and subjected to ultrasound for 7-10 days, the drug is removed from the polymer composition, kept at room temperature for 20-40 minutes, kept for 40-50 hours in an thermostat at 36- 40 ° C.

The method is implemented as follows:

- pre-fixed, dehydrated and fat-free organ is given the desired shape by filling its cavities with a nylon mesh;

- carry out the impregnation of organ tissues in a siloxane composition without the use of solvents and under the influence of ultrasound; the choice of a specific composition, as well as exposure, the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations and their power from the properties of the embalmed organ (mass and volume, density and texture of tissues) and the desired final embalming result (degree of organ shrinkage, strength, elasticity of the sample, etc.);

- the organ is removed from the polymer composition, the excess silicone is drained, the excess is mechanically removed from the organ cavities together with the nylon nets;

- the body is given the desired position and shape by attaching to a special tripod and refilling its cavities with nets;

- carry out the polymerization of the siloxane composition in the tissues of the body by heating the latter in an thermostat to 36-40 ° C.

The choice of siloxane compositions (medical rubber, a crosslinking agent and a catalyst) as an impregnating agent is determined by their biological inertness and the fact that materials of any consistency from gel to solid, close to embalmed, can be obtained on their basis (Yuzelevsky Yu.A., Sokolov S.V. Siloxane polymers in medicine: problems and prospects .-- Journal of the VHO named after D.I. Mendeleev (Volume XXX, 1985, 4, p. 453-460).

Under the influence of ultrasound, a dehydrating agent (alcohol) is displaced from the tissues and the interstitial spaces are filled with a liquid polymer composition. High impregnation speed reduces exposure time, which significantly reduces the cost of long-term maintenance of very low temperatures. Thus, it is possible to achieve complete impregnation of the preparations with siloxane compositions without violating their composition and, as a result, to obtain the optimal consistency of the intercellular space during curing of the composition.

To increase the period of use of drugs as training aids, a thin protective layer of a siloxane composition with improved physical and mechanical properties can be applied to the surface of the finished product.

The following are examples illustrating the invention, but not limiting it.

Example 1. A pre-prepared preparation of the human small intestine weighing 75 g, impregnated with a solvent - (residual water content in the tissues is less than 5 wt.%) Is placed in alcohol and then in the polymer composition of the following composition, wt.%:

- 0.009 parts by weight rhodium complex (in terms of platinum);

- 10 parts by weight hydridosiloxane oligomer (GKZH-94, GOST 10834-76);

up to 100 parts by weight methylvinyl dimethylsiloxane polymer (rubber SKTNV-bMed TU 38403-526-86).

For 7 days at -15 ° C, a sample immersed in a liquid polymer is exposed to ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 60 kHz at an intensity of 80 dB. The drug is removed from the polymer, the excess silicone is drained and hardening is carried out in air at 20 ° C. Solvent that has surfaced is removed.

Example 2. The human brain in the pia mater weighing 1360 g, fixed in ethanol (residual water content in the tissues - about 5 wt.%) Is impregnated for 15 days at -10 ° C in a siloxane composition with the following components, wt. %:

- up to 100 parts by weight methyl vinyl dimethylsiloxane polymer;

- 0.01 parts by weight hydrochloric acid platinum (HaPtCl ₆ * 6H ₂ O);

- 7.0 parts by weight hydridosiloxane oligomer (TU 6-09-2026-74).

For 7 days at -15 ° C, a sample immersed in a liquid polymer is exposed to ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 60 kHz at an intensity of 80 dB. The drug is removed from the polymer, the excess silicone is drained and hardening is carried out in air at 20 ° C. Solvent that has surfaced is removed. After extracting the drug by mechanical means, the polymer remains from the surface and the brain is placed in a thermostat for 5 hours at 40 ° C for curing. At the last stage, a polymer solution with high physical and mechanical properties is applied to the surface of the preparation. Apply low temperatures and a protective coating for the impregnation of organs and tissues having a low content of collagen fibers in the intercellular space, while negative temperatures prevent significant shrinkage of the finished samples, and the application of a protective layer increases the period of their use.

At the Department of Normal Anatomy of VMedA, the proposed method manufactured more than 500 preparations containing various types of rubbers for medical purposes. In all experiments, it was found that the impregnation of the intercellular space with the polymer occurs uniformly throughout the volume of the drug and, compared with traditional methods, occurs 5-6 times faster. The resulting preparations are characterized by high strength, high wear resistance and the absence of deformation of soft tissue structures.

The proposed method can find application in the work of anatomical laboratories manufacturing polymeric embalmed anatomical preparations.

Claims (1)

The method of polymer embalming anatomical preparations with liquid siloxane compositions containing medical rubber - methyl vinyl dimethyl siloxane polymer, a crosslinking agent - platinum hydrochloric acid, a catalyst - hydridosiloxane oligomer, characterized in that the anatomical preparation is impregnated in a polymer composition under the influence of ultrasound at frequency of 60 with frequency 60 and frequency 60 at -15 ° C for 7-10 days, after extraction from the polymer composition, the drug is cured in a thermostat at 36-40 ° C for 40-50 hours