RU2576820C1 - Restoration plastic mass - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology.

SUBSTANCE: restoration plastic mass for biological objects is described, consisting of cellodammar, white beeswax, paraffin and petroleum jelly taken in the following amounts, wt %: cellodammar - 16-20, white beeswax - 55-70, paraffin - 6 19, petroleum jelly - 6-12. The plastic mass is intended for restoration works for removal of visible defects of volume and relief of long-term stored biological objects, such as embalmed body of humans and animals.

EFFECT: plastic mass has stable physical and chemical properties at long-term storage of biological object, the absence of damaging effects on the structure of the adjoining tissues of biological object, resistance to chemical solutions and physical factors used in the restoration and storage of biological objects, optimal adhesiveness.

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Description

The invention relates to plastics based on natural compounds intended for restoration work to eliminate visible defects in the volume and topography of long-term stored biological objects, for example, an embalmed human and animal body. The invention can be used in the restoration of human corpses in forensic practice to preserve the bodies of the dead, as well as in the restoration of exhibits in museums.

At present, giving a person a deceased intravital appearance, which largely relates to the integumentary tissues of the head and neck, is an important component of the work of the pathological and anatomical departments and the bureau of forensic medical examination. Of great importance is the preservation of the microrelief surface and the natural color of the skin of biological material.

The currently used makeup applied to the skin after embalming, undergoes destruction during storage and under the influence of environmental factors, which negatively affects the appearance of the exhibits. For camouflage of intravital wounds using compositions containing liquid silicone rubber SKTNv (RF Pat. No. 2103013), approved for use in medicine.

There is a method of eliminating cosmetic defects of the face by introducing into a soft tissue with a thick needle near the defect of a siloxane expandable material (Porsilor), followed by manual molding of the necessary external shape of the defect area during the hardening of the material (US Pat. RF No. 2012354). The siloxane material is a mixture: polydimethylsiloxane rubber with a viscosity of 0.2-0.4 Pa, polydimethylsiloxane rubber with a viscosity of 20-50 Pa, polydiethylhydride siloxane, dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane, tin octoate.

In the theatrical art, plastic make-up is used, which involves sticking on the skin of elastic overlays made of latex (usually foamed) or silicone.

For the purposes of the present invention, the authors tested the compositions used in dentistry as impression elastic materials, which have practically the same requirements for physical and mechanical properties, allowing to reflect the microrelief of hard and soft tissues. Such compositions as:

- elastic materials stomalgin, stylas, elastic, a common drawback of these materials is the rapid drying of the mass;

- impression material, including polydimethylsiloxane, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl dibutoxytin, trimethyltriacetoxysilane, carbon black, dye, magnesium oxide (ed. St. USSR 978859), lack of material - compositional complexity, low fluidity of the resulting mass;

- impression material on a paraffin base and butyl rubber (ed. St. USSR 1662542, 1447371), the lack of material is hardening, paraffin loses elasticity, which does not lead to the desired cosmetic effect when eliminating a face defect;

- wax modeling mixtures formolite, formodont, the disadvantages of the known mixtures - the inability to maintain accurate shape due to the fact that when the temperature drops within 10 ° C, there is a significant expansion or contraction of the base; usually volumetric shrinkage of wax for every degree in the temperature range from 8 to 20 ° C is 0.1-015%;

- prosthetic gelatin, the disadvantage is unstable, dries quickly, is affected by mold.

All of the above modeling mixtures cannot be used to restore defects in the integumentary tissues of the head, neck of the hands of long-term embalmed bodies, because do not possess the full range of properties required in restoration; they can have a negative effect on adjacent tissues, do not have sufficient resistance to preservative solutions and long-term preservation of the originally given shape, as well as ease of manufacture and practical use.

The technical task of the invention is to obtain a restoration of plastic mass having a simple manufacturing technology and possessing, with long-term preservation of the biological object, stability of physical and chemical properties, the absence of damaging effects on the structure of adjacent tissues of the biological object, resistance to chemical solutions and physical factors used in the restoration and storage of biological objects optimum adhesion.

The technical problem is achieved through the use of restoration plastic mass for biological objects, consisting of cellodammary, white beeswax, paraffin and paraffin oil, taken in the following amounts, wt.%

cellodammar 16-20% white beeswax 55-70% paraffin 6-19% Vaseline oil 6-12%

Dammara is a resin extracted from trees native to East India and New Zealand. Dammara, freed from wax by dissolving in benzene followed by precipitation with alcohol, is called cellodammar.

The proposed restoration plastic mass meets the set of requirements for restoration materials used in the practice of long-term conservation of biological objects and is intended for outdoor use during the restoration of biological objects.

The ratio of ingredients is selected experimentally, is the most optimal and ensures long-term preservation of properties. The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Method of preparation

Cellodammar is softened in a water bath at 90 ° C, wax is added, the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes, mixed with melted paraffin and paraffin oil at a temperature of 50 ° C. Everything is mixed and cooled to 25 ° C. The resulting compositions of the restoration masses have a melting point of 57-59 ° C.

Composition: cellulamar 16-20%, white beeswax 55-70%, paraffin 6-19%, liquid paraffin 6-12%. It has optimal characteristics in practical applications (adhesion, density, softening temperature). The mass can be stored for a long time in a closed container of inert material in the absence of direct sunlight. The results are shown in table. one.

The percentage of components in the mass determines their physical properties (adhesion, density, softening temperature, hardness), necessary in each specific case of its application.

Example 2. Method of application

When carrying out restoration work, a preform of the required volume is preliminarily formed from the mass. The workpiece is applied to the pre-fat-free surface of the bioobject and the final formation of the mass surface is carried out with a spatula. Under natural conditions, the mass is dried. At the same time, a strong connection of two volumes arises immediately and turns them into a single unit.

The resulting restoration mass is biologically inert, non-toxic, completely fills the required volume, can be used both in a confined space and in air. Material does not change its appearance over time. When applied, the material is soft, elastic, resilient as the surrounding soft tissue, which creates a high cosmetic effect.

Physico-mechanical properties and qualitative indicators of mass are presented in table. 2. The resulting mass is suitable for molding and modeling. The proposed mass is characterized in comparison with the reference standard, which was taken as an elastic material stomalgin, higher elastic-plastic-viscous properties, conditional yield strength, plastic viscosity. Work with such a mass is simplified, its softness improves. After hardening, it retains the given shape.

The proposed restoration plastic mass represents the following advantages for practical use:

1. Convenience in operation: optimal viscous-plastic rheological properties of the mass are ensured while eliminating external defects of the skin of any volume at the time of its manual or instrumental application.

2. Structuring: the applied mass does not require time for hardening and retains the shape specified during application and with its possible subsequent correction.

3. Providing a tight-fitting mass with the tissue of the defective zone. While retaining the ability to reproduce the contact surface with which the material was in contact during application, the composition can accurately reproduce the pore volumes when they are filled, possessing sufficient adhesion with biological tissues and creating mechanical fixation in the defect.

4. The experimentally determined parameters of the plastic mass explain its active penetration into the defective zone.

Claims (1)

Restoration plastic mass for biological objects, consisting of cellodammary, white beeswax, paraffin and paraffin oil, taken in the following amounts, wt.%:
cellodammar 16-20 white beeswax 55-70 paraffin 6-19 Vaseline oil 6-12