RU2320168C1 - Method for production of anatomical preparation with hollow and tubular structures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: hollow and tubular structures are poured with cold fastening mass comprising of siloxane component, diethyl ether, lead carbonate, and colorant. Preparation is placed in thermostat for 24 h at +40-+50°C, humidified for 24 h at +25-+35°C, further placed in hydrochloric acid for 24-48 h and then washed, blanching, and dried.

EFFECT: preparation of high elasticity, chemical and thermal resistance.

1 tbl, 2 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of morphology of humans and animals and is intended for the manufacture of anatomical preparations used to study the anatomical and topographic features of blood vessels and cavities of a person at different stages of development, as well as animals in the age, species, breed aspects depending on the conditions of functioning and development of the body in phylogenesis and ontogenesis.

The most well-known method of impregnating tissues with silicone polymers is the method of replacing tissue fluid with acetone, followed by evacuation of a drug immersed in a cold polymer composition (G. von Hagen's, K. Tiedemann, W. Kriz. The Current Potential of Plastination. - Anatomy and Embryology (1987) 175: 411-421). The disadvantage of this method is the low speed of the impregnation process, since acetone does not dissolve the silicone composition and its mechanical substitution on the polymer is possible only with prolonged exposure of the preparations in high vacuum (3-5 mm Hg), which requires the use of expensive equipment and significant energy consumption .

Known methods that use injection masses containing the main substance (chalk, gypsum, wax, rosin, etc.), a solvent (water, gasoline, turpentine, etc.) and dye [Merkulov GA, 1969; Subbotin M.Ya. et al., 1954; Khazanov A.T., Chalisov I.A., 1984]. Depending on the properties of the main substances, methods of injection are distinguished by cold and hot hardening masses. Injection of vessels with hot hardening masses is based on their solidification upon cooling, cold on diffusion, evaporation of volatile substances (acetone, chloroform, gasoline), dissolving the mass, or polymerization of the main substance.

For the prototype adopted patent No. 2182766 "Method for embalming anatomical preparations with siloxane compositions."

The method is implemented as follows:

- pre-fixed, dehydrated and fat-free organ is given the desired shape by filling its cavities with a nylon mesh;

- carry out the impregnation of organ tissues in solutions of an increasing concentration of the siloxane composition (methyl vinyl dimethyl siloxane polymer, platinum chloride hydrochloride, hydridosiloxane oligomer) in one of the polar solvents (chloroform, hexane);

- the organ is removed from the polymer composition, the excess silicone is drained, the excess is mechanically removed from the organ cavities together with the nylon nets;

- the body is given the desired position and shape by attaching to a special tripod and refilling its cavities with nets;

- carry out the polymerization of the siloxane composition in the tissues of the body by heating the latter in an thermostat to 36-40 ° C.

The anatomical preparation is immersed in a solvent (hexane, chloroform) at a temperature of -15 ° C for 40-50 days, then impregnated in a polymer composition (methyl vinyl dimethylsiloxane polymer - rubber SKTNVBMed TU 38403-526-86; platinum-hydrochloric acid; hydridosiloxane oligomer - TU 6 -09-2026-74) under vacuum at a temperature of -20 ° C for 50-60 days, after extraction from the polymer composition, the drug is cured in an thermostat at 40 ° C for 40-50 hours.

The disadvantages of this invention are the complex preliminary preparation of organs, the duration of the preparation of the anatomical preparation, the long-term impregnation of the tissues of the organ to preserve the volume and shape of the organs, there is no single scheme for obtaining drugs, it is not economically advantageous.

The aim of the present invention is to obtain preparations that most accurately reflect structural features, the topography of anatomical formations and organs intended for prolonged use in scientific research, in the educational process for direct contact with humans.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the polymer composition is injected into the hollow anatomical structures, the drug is placed in a thermostat for 24 hours at a temperature of +40 ... + 50 ° C, after which it is moistened for 24 hours at a temperature of +25 ... + 35 ° C and placed in a 15% solution of hydrochloric acid for 24-48 hours, after which the resulting preparation is washed, bleached and dried.

The substance used for injection into hollow and tubular structures contains a polymer composition consisting of a siloxane composition, diethyl ether, carbon dioxide and dye.

To solve this problem, we made a polymer composition, including:

No. p / p Component About.% one. Siloxane composition (sealants based on it) 50-45 2. Diethyl ether 35-40 3. Carbon lead 10-5 four. Dye 5-10

As part of this substance, the first component is selected as the main substance - universal silicone sealant white, the total share of which in the volume of the finished mixture is 50-45%.

The second component is the solvent used to reduce the degree of density of the mass and, thus, facilitate its passage into small vessels and cavities - stabilized ether for anesthesia (diethyl ether GOST 84-2066-88). The content of this component is 35-40% of the total volume.

The third component is the radiopaque substance (insoluble compound), which is necessary for the description of x-ray relationships and topographic anatomical measurements. It is more advisable to use lead compounds (carbon dioxide). Its volume fraction is 10-5%.

The fourth component, the dye, is necessary for better visualization of adjacent hollow anatomical formations during their comprehensive assessment. As a dye, you must choose any insoluble or soluble in ether pigment, which may have simultaneously radiopaque properties. We used methylene blue. The volume of the dye in the total mass is 5-10%.

The applied polymer composition has high elasticity, chemical and thermal resistance, flexibility, X-ray contrast, is easily injected with a syringe, and hardens quite easily.

The method is implemented as follows:

1. We attach the position to the corpse of a person (animal) on the back, the chest cavity is opened and the sternum is removed, then we remove the organocomplex, which we will further use to make the drug.

2. The applied substance is prepared at a temperature of + 10 ° C ... + 15 ° C. The components of the substance are placed in glass or ceramic dishes, mixed thoroughly.

3. Using a special spatula-scalpel, we apply the prepared substance into the syringe, then the prepared substance is left for 10 minutes at a temperature of + 5 ° С ... + 15 ° С to seal the polymer composition.

4. The drug is poured into hollow structures by a modified syringe through tubes of different diameters suitable for the diameter of hollow structures at a temperature of + 20 ° С ... + 22 ° С.

5. Remove the tube with the syringe and bandage the injection site of the hollow structures into which the prepared substance was poured.

6. We place the preparation in the thermostat for 24 hours at a temperature of + 40 ° С ... + 50 ° С for evaporation of the solvent and polymerization of the composition.

7. In the future, the drug is removed and placed in water (water temperature + 25 ° С ... + 35 ° С) for 24 hours to moisturize and restore dried tissues.

8. The drug is dipped in a 15% solution of hydrochloric acid (prepared by mixing 50 vol.% Acid and 50 vol.% Distilled water) for 24-48 hours for corrosion of organic tissues.

9. The drug is washed under running water to remove residual organic tissue.

10. The drug is immersed in a solution of sodium hypochloride for 4-5 hours at a temperature of +20 ... + 22 ° C for bleaching the drug and for disinfection.

11. We place the preparation in the thermostat for 6-12 hours at a temperature of + 30 ° С ... + 40 ° С for drying.

The following are examples illustrating the invention, but not limiting it.

Example 1

To obtain a corrosive preparation of the human bronchial tree, we prepared 60 ml of the mixture. The composition of the mixture included the following components: 30 ml universal white silicone sealant, stabilized ether for anesthesia 10 ml (diethyl ether GOST 84-2066-88), radiopaque substance - carbon dioxide lead 10 g, methylene blue was added dropwise as a dye to the desired color. . The components were thoroughly mixed together. The mixture was injected with a plastic disposable syringe using a polymer tube into the trachea (organocomplex obtained by the preparation method). After that, the injected trachea, bronchi and lungs were placed for 24 hours in a thermostat at a temperature of + 40 ° С. In the future, the drug is removed and placed in water (water temperature +25 - + 35 ° C) for 24 hours. The drug is dipped in a 15% hydrochloric acid solution (prepared by mixing 50 vol.% Acid and 50 vol.% Distilled water) for 24-48 hours. We rinse under running water to remove residual organic tissue. The drug is immersed in a solution of sodium hypochloride for 4-5 hours at a temperature of 20-22 ° C for bleaching the drug and as a disinfectant. We place the drug in a thermostat for 6-12 hours at a temperature of 30-40 ° C (figure 1).

Example 2

To obtain a radiopaque preparation of the arteries of the abdominal organs of an animal (cat), we used a mixture of: 15 ml of universal silicone white sealant; ether for anesthesia stabilized 15 ml; radiopaque substance - carbon dioxide lead 10 g; methylene blue was added dropwise as a dye to the desired color. The components are thoroughly mixed together. The mixture was injected using a plastic disposable syringe into the abdominal aorta. After that, the injected organs were placed for 24 hours in a thermostat at a temperature of + 40 ° C. In the future, the drug is removed and placed in water (water temperature +25 - + 35 ° C) for 24 hours. The drug is dipped in a 15% hydrochloric acid solution (prepared by mixing 50 vol.% Acid and 50 vol.% Distilled water) for 24-48 hours. We rinse under running water to remove residual organic tissue. We place the drug in a thermostat for 6-12 hours at a temperature of 30-40 ° C (figure 2).

To increase the period of use of drugs as scientific research and teaching aids, drugs are placed in transparent containers. Thus, the proposed method is simple, suitable for topographic and anatomical studies and for the manufacture of anatomical preparations of hollow and tubular structures that most accurately reflect the structural features, the topography of anatomical formations and organs intended for long-term use in scientific research, in the educational process for direct contact with a person with radiopaque properties.

Information sources

1. Merkulov G.A. Course of pathological and histological equipment. M.: Leningrad branch, 1969.365 s.

2. Subbotin M.Ya. and other histological equipment. M., 1954, p. 73-77.

3. Medvedev I.I. Fundamentals of pathological and anatomical technique. A guide for hospital prospectors and medical students. 3rd edition, revised and supplemented. M .: Medicine, 1969.288 s.

4. Khazanov A.T., Chalisov I.A. Section Course Guide. M .: Medicine, 1984.455 p.

5. Kaliteevsky P.F. Macroscopic differential diagnosis of pathological processes. M .: Medicine, 1987.400 p.

6. Kirilova I.A., Kravtsova G.I., Novikova I.V. Pathomorphological verification of prenatal diagnoses of developmental periods in fetuses of the second trimester of pregnancy // Pathology Archive, 1992. No. 3. S.25-31.

7. Tyukavkina N.A., Baukov Yu.I. Bioorganic chemistry. M .: Medicine, 1991.525 s.

8. G. von Hagen's, C. Tiedemann, W. Kriz. The Current Potential of Plastination. - Anatomy and Embryology (1987) 175: 411-421.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining anatomical preparations of hollow and tubular structures by using a polymer composition, characterized in that the polymer composition consisting of a siloxane component, diethyl ether, lead carbon dioxide and dye is injected into the hollow and tubular structures, the drug is placed in a thermostat for 24 hours at a temperature of +40 ... + 50 ° С, after which it is moistened for 24 hours at a temperature of +25 ... + 35 ° С and placed in a 15% hydrochloric acid solution for 24-48 hours, the resulting preparation is washed, bleached and dried .

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