RU2688480C1 - Method of improving the ration of a growing young sheep under conditions of the extreme north - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely, to animal agriculture, to a method for improving the diet of young sheep from 4 months of age in the conditions of the Extreme North. Method includes the introduction once a day of 300–400 ml of water infusion from coroniferous saw-wort with a concentration of 50–60 mg of 20-hydroxy ecdysone in 100 ml in the water for watering each animal.

EFFECT: use of the invention will increase the growth rate from 4 months of age and increase daily gains in live weight of young sheep, and protein metabolism is activated.

1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to animal husbandry, in particular, to the feeding of animals and can be used to improve the diet and stimulate the growth of young sheep in the conditions of the Far North.

There is a method of increasing the productivity of young farm animals [RU 2600698 C1, 10.27.2016], including the introduction into the composition of the diet for calves biologically active drug, which is used as a feed additive obtained by aqueous extraction of biomass, including wood and bark of Siberian larch and Gmelin larch. Calves in the milk period (age from 0 to 1 month) are fed with an additive in the amount of 100-200 ml with a concentration of dry substances of 5-10% (at the rate of 6-20 g of dry matter per head) 1-2 times a day. The disadvantage of this method is its use only in the dairy period of animal nutrition, as well as a limited resource base, since logging and processing of larch are used as raw materials.

Known feed additive for sheep [RU 2376863 C2, 04.27.2009], including methionine, "Bifidumbacterin", biologically active feed additive "Biobacton" and herbal supplement from leaves and stems of stevia. The use of the known feed additive provides an increase in meat and wool productivity. In the experimental groups, the increase in body weight was 25-30% higher. The disadvantage is the complexity of the feed additive and the lack of data on the rate of feeding of the feed additive per animal.

There is a method of increasing the weight gain of animals by adding to the diet a feed additive for farm animals [RU 2054267 C1, 20.02.1996], which is used as ground crusted grass, collected during flowering, at a dose of 80 mg / kg. Feed additive was used on calves for one month. The disadvantage is the lack of data on the content of active substances, which entails a high consumption of feed additives, and there is no data on the use of the additive in the diets of other farm animals.

The closest is a way to improve the diet of sheep in the conditions of the Far North [RU 2624219 C1, 03.07.2017]. The method includes adding a food additive of serpuhi crowned to the animal feed. The feed additive is a dry weight of leaves of a serpukha crowned with a content of 20-hydroxy ecdysone 0.7 wt.%, Which is added to ewes in the lactation period in the main ration once a day in an amount of 15 g / goal. The method allows to increase the milk productivity of sheep and thereby increase the growth energy of lambs. The disadvantage is that the method is aimed only at increasing milk production in ewes and cannot be used to increase the productivity of young sheep from 4 months of age. The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of controlling the amount of feed additive eaten by each animal.

Intensification of lamb meat production in the conditions of the Extreme North requires the use of fodder resources, which allow to realize the genetically determined productivity potential of sheep, reduce production costs and increase the profitability of obtaining products. The solution to this problem is promoted by the use, including adaptogenic plants, containing phytoecdysteroids, with a broad spectrum of biological effects on the organism of animals. A prominent representative of this group is the Serpuha crowned (Serratula coronata), in which a large number of ecdysteroids is found [Phytoecdysteroids / Ed. V.V. Volodin. SPb .: Science, 2003. 293 p.]. In laboratory animals it was shown that serpuhi ecdysteroids are low toxic, do not cause inflammatory and allergic reactions, have a pronounced metabolic effect [Volodin VV, Mataev SI Ecdysteroid-containing plants - sources of new adaptogens // Vestn. Biotechnol., 2011. T. 7. №2. Pp. 52-59.].

The technical result of the present invention is to develop a method for improving the diet of young sheep in the conditions of the Far North, allowing to increase the growth rate of lambs from 4 months of age, average daily weight gain and live weight, as well as to increase control over the amount of feed additive fed to each animal.

The technical result is achieved by adding 300-400 ml per day to the young sheep water for drinking water per head of an infusion of serpuhi crowned with a concentration of 20-hydroxy ecidecdysone in 100 ml of infusion 50-60 mg.

The method is as follows. For the preparation of the infusion, a dry mass of leaves of crowned crowns prepared in the vegetation phase, mass budding or early flowering is used. It was established experimentally that in these phases of development the content of ecdysteroids is maximal. The crushed dry mass of leaves of serpukh containing 0.6 wt. % 20-hydroxyacidone insist in water heated to a temperature of 50-60 ° C, with a ratio of raw materials / water 1: 8, for 3-5 hours. After that, the leaves are removed. The average concentration of ecdysteroids in 100 ml of infusion is 50-60 mg. Growing young sheep from 4 months of age daily add 300-400 ml of infusion per head to the water for watering.

Example.

Studies were carried out on a sheep farm KFK Kanevoy LA Ust-Tsilemsky district of the Komi Republic in three groups of growing young sheep of 4-6 months old, with ten heads in each. The groups were formed on the principle of steam-analogs, while the main indicators of similarity were considered age, gender, live weight, growth rate before setting on the experience.

During the experience, the lambs of all groups were kept in similar conditions and received the same economic ration consisting of 1.0 kg of grass and forbs hay, 1.0 kg of grass and forbs hay, 0.1 kg of feed and 4 g of common salt. 1 kg of dry matter of the ration contained 8.5 MJ of exchangeable energy, 105 g of crude protein, 61 g of digestible protein, 29% crude fiber, 7.7 g of calcium, 3.1 phosphorus. In accordance with the recommended standards for feeding VIG sheep (2003), a common lack of diet was a lack of raw and digestible protein and an excess of crude fiber.

In addition to the diet of youngsters of the 1st test group, 300 ml of aqueous infusion serpuhi crowned per head was added to the water for watering daily, and 400 ml of ecdysteroids concentration of 100 ml respectively were added to the water for watering, and the young of the 2nd test group. infusion 50-60 mg. Studies have shown that reducing daily doses below these values leads to a significant decrease in the effectiveness of the feed additive.

For the preparation of the infusion, a dry weight of leaves of a crowned serpuha with a 20-hydroxy ecdysone content of 0.6 wt. % 1 kg of dry mass of crushed leaves of serpuha poured 8 liters of water with a temperature of 50-60 ° C and insisted for 3-5 hours. After that, the leaves were removed. The average concentration of ecdysteroids in the experience was 56 mg in 100 ml of infusion.

Animal growth was monitored by weighing on day 22 and at day 63 at the end of the experimental period. The results showed that over the course of the experiment the growth of the lambs was uneven. If in the first three weeks of the experiment, the increase in live weight of the young of all groups was almost the same, then in the second period, the absolute increase in live weight of lambs from the 1-experimental group was 1.6 kg, or 33.5%, and 2-experimental groups by 1 , 96 kg, or 41.0%, respectively, higher than in the control. Consequently, the diet with infusion of leaves of Serpukha crowned, stimulated the growth of young animals approximately from the fourth to fifth week from the start of application. The average daily gain for the whole experience increased in the 1-experimental group by 18%, and in the 2-experimental group by 20% compared with the control group. The results of the increase in live weight of the young of the three groups are presented in table 1.

To assess the effect of the infusion of serpuhi crowned by the metabolism, on day 47 of the experiment, blood sampling and biochemical analysis were carried out in young animals of the 2 experimental and control groups. The analysis of the serum for the content of the studied parameters was performed by photometry using the appropriate VitalDiagnostiksSPb reagent kits.

According to the data obtained, as a result of increased protein metabolism, there was a tendency for a higher concentration of albumin in the blood of young animals that received serpuha infusion. The intensity of protein metabolism, assessed by the ratio of albumin to globulins (A / G coefficient), in the young of the experimental group was 24% higher than the control and was higher than one. The increase in albumin concentration in the blood serum of lambs and the A / G ratio while reducing the level of urea by 28% was associated with a more efficient assimilation of nitrogen in the diet, a decrease in the catabolism of amino acids and their more intensive use in the biosynthesis of muscle mass, which ultimately affected growth animals.

The research results are summarized in table 2.

Note: * Reliability of differences between the indicated groups is noted (p≤0.05). Legend: A / G - the ratio of albumin to globulins, AsAT - aspartate aminotransferase, AlAT - alanine aminotransferase, AsAT / AlAT - de Rytis coefficient.

All sheep had a low glucose and cholesterol content, however, the glucose level in animals treated with serpuha infusion was higher than control by 27%. The combined indicator of glucose + cholesterol even more emphasized the superiority of the young of the experimental group in energy and steroid supply for building cell membranes and steroidogenesis of various kinds.

The activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was 8 and 19% higher in the experimental group, respectively, and the de Rytis ratio (AcAT / AlAT ratio) was 9% lower than the control.

All these data indicate that under the influence of the improved serpuhi diet, in 4-6-month-old young sheep, protein biosynthesis processes were more intensive, as a result of gluconeogenesis activation due to transamination of amino acids there was a tendency to normalize blood glucose levels. Such changes in metabolism had a positive effect on the average daily live weight gains of growing sheep, which increased over the entire period of the experiment by 20%, while for the second period of the experiment weight gain increased by 41%.

The method of improving the diet of sheep by introducing infusion into the main ration of the feed additive significantly improved the process of compliance with the norms of feeding biologically active substances to each animal.

Claims (1)

 The method of improving the diet of growing young sheep in the Far North, including the introduction into the main ration of the feed additive from the sickle crowns, characterized in that the feed additive is a water extract of the sickle crowns with a concentration in 100 ml of 50-60 mg of 20-hydroxy ecdysone, while the young Sheep from 4 months of age supplement is drunk in the amount of 300-400 ml per 1 head.