RU2687603C1 - Glued laminated timber manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to woodworking industry, in particular to production of glued laminated timber. Inner layer of glued laminated timber is made of alternating layers of solid boards and separate layers of pieces of boards, which are laid with formation of gaps between them. Formation of layers from pieces of boards and inner layers of glued laminated timber from solid boards is performed with alternation of direction of annual rings of wood. Inner layer of pieces of boards is made with formation of projection on one side and recess on the other side relative to adjacent layers of solid boards.

EFFECT: reduced consumption of solid boards.

1 cl

Description

The claimed solution relates to the production of laminated veneer lumber for wooden low-rise housing construction and can be used in the manufacture of walls, partitions and supporting structures.

A known method of manufacturing building structures, consisting of two different operations: gluing along the length and gluing in thickness and width [1, 330 p.].

A known method of manufacturing a wooden glued board at which saw off from the workpiece, formed by gluing the planks, the desired number of glued boards, significantly thinner than the workpiece. Next, the slats are formed in the form of a slat layer by gluing together at least two parts, so that the sides of the annual rings of these parts are located on opposite sides of each other in a horizontal and / or vertical direction. Thus the layers of the slats thus formed are glued together in the required amount, one on top of the other. The blank for the manufacture of glued boards to be sawed off from the blank is practically thinner than the blank, contains several planks glued together one on top of the other. The blank is substantially thicker than finished glued boards. At least part of the slats are layers of slats, which are formed from at least two parts. Moreover, the sides of the annual rings of these parts are located on opposite sides of each other in a horizontal and / or vertical direction. The directions of the fibers of different parts in the slat layer inside the layer and between the slat layers installed one above the other are chosen so that the annual rings of the adjacent layers of almost all the glued boards to be sawed are located on opposite sides of the glued board [2].

A known method of manufacturing glued laminated timber from wood, which consists in assembling a multilayer bag of dried boards calibrated in thickness in each layer, from the wide sheets of which stepwise offset compensatory grooves-slits are made in the adhesive layers on the wide plates of the boards during assembly package, in pressing a package of boards before the glue is polymerized, in mechanical processing of a package glued after polymerization with the formation of a construction bar. When forming the inner layers of the package, boards of different sizes along the width of the plates are used, which join each other in the forming layer of the package along the side edges, or / and use unedged boards, which are pre-cut longitudinally and join each other along the not edging edges in the resulting layer of the package. The joining areas of the boards are filled with adhesive composition and the docking areas of the respective boards in each subsequent layer are shifted relative to the joining zone of the boards in the previous layer of the package or the joining zone of boards in the formed layer of the package are covered with boards calibrated across the width of the formed package [3].

A known method of manufacturing glued structures, containing wood material, which includes the following process operations: drying of sawn timber, sorting of sawn timber, cutting and mechanical pressing of DCC, mechanical and protective processing of structures [4].

Known manufacturing techniques glued structures, including the operation of drying, selection and sorting of lumber, surface treatment for gluing, applying glue, pressing and keeping in presses under pressure, surface treatment of finished elements [5, 101 page].

A method of obtaining wood glued structures and sawn timber, including drying lumber, removing defective areas, splicing lamellas along the length into layers, mechanical processing of layers, applying glue, pressing glued packages, mechanically processing them, characterized in that when recruiting a glued structure, the prepared layers are fixed the lengths form, alternatingly, one preform is installed; from high-quality wood, another preform, spliced by wedge spikes, obtained from recycled low-grade raw materials by removing defective areas: knots, sprouting, pitch pockets, blue, cracks, core, curvature, warping, wane, layers select and install spliced places of the next harvested layer as far as possible in the middle between the splices of the previous layer, and for splicing gear-wedge spikes use lamellae with an optimal fixed length of 180-1000 mm [6].

A known method of manufacturing a glued construction timber which consists in forming a package of wooden lamellae, adjacently mated over wide layers with the use of glue, while the wide layers of the extreme lamellae have longitudinally oriented wood fibers. The wide plates of lamellae for the internal volume of the package or for its part are formed when the shield is cut, which is formed from longitudinally oriented lamellae interconnected along the side surfaces, and the plane of the shield cut is oriented at an angle α≤90 ° to the side surfaces of the pairing lamellae in the shield. The technical result of the invention is improved physico-mechanical properties of the beam due to the different resistance of wood fibers of the extreme lamellae and lamellae of the internal volume of the beam to the existing power loads, reduced splits, cracks, reduced building draft from the beam [7]. The closest analogue.

A disadvantage of the known solutions is the high material consumption of the product, which reduces the economic efficiency of production.

The problem solved by the stated proposal is to increase the rational use of wood by using boards in the inner layer to form a protrusion on one side and a hollow on the other with respect to adjacent layers of solid boards, as a result of which structural material for wooden house-building can be obtained. The proposed solution allows: to produce glued laminated timber while reducing the consumption of solid boards; increase the possibility of manufacturing glued timber of a given thickness; ensure the production of glued laminated timber without additional processing (manufacture of profiled timber) with the necessary strength of glued laminated timber. In addition, the alternation of the direction of annual rings of wood balances the internal stresses in the laminated timber during its manufacture.

The solution of the task is ensured by the fact that the inner layer of glued laminated timber is made of alternating layers of solid boards and separate layers of pieces of boards, which are laid with the formation of gaps between them, the inner layer of segments of boards are made with the formation of a protrusion on one side and a depression on the other. relation to the adjacent layers of solid boards, while the formation of layers of segments of boards and the inner layers of laminated veneer lumber from solid boards is carried out with alternating directions of annual rings of wood.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a method for the production of glued laminated timber.

Glued laminated timber is made as follows. To obtain the inner layer of glued timber on a solid board 1, segments of boards 2 are laid with glue applied on its surface with the formation of gaps S between them, as well as with the formation of a protrusion 3 on one side and a depression 4 on the other. Then, the solid board 1 is laid in the same way as the previous solid board 1, then the boards 2 are stacked to form spaces S between them, as well as to form a protrusion 3 on the one hand and the hollow 4 on the other, then the subsequent solid board 1 is laid 1. The formation of the inner layer of laminated veneer lumber is performed with alternating directions of annual rings of wood to provide the necessary strength of laminated veneer lumber. The outer layers of laminated veneer lumber are made of solid boards, for example, similarly to a solid board 1 of the inner layer. The process of forming the package is carried out to the required width of glued laminated timber. After that, the bag is sent to the press for gluing.

Currently, the manufacture of laminated veneer lumber consumes a large amount of wood, approximately, 1.6-1.8 cubic meters of wood is used to produce 1 cubic meter of laminated veneer [8]. Therefore, this solution will reduce the cost of a method of manufacturing timber by reducing the material consumption of the product, by reducing the quality requirements of the source lumber and accuracy (different lengths of segments) of their processing before forming a laminated timber package.

Literature:

1. Goncharov N.A., Bashinsky V.Yu., Buglay BM, Technology of wood products Textbook for universities-2 ed., Rev. and add. - M, Forest industry, 1990, - 528 p.

2. Patent for invention №2424112 A method of manufacturing a wooden laminated board and a blank for its manufacture

3. Patent for invention №2410504 A method of manufacturing glued laminated timber from wood and building products from them

4. Kovalchuk L.M. Production of glued wooden structures. M., Ed. Lesn. prom-st, 1987, 48 p.

5. Zaprudnov V.I., Strizhenko V.V. Fundamentals of construction A textbook for forestry universities. - M .: GOU VPO MGUlesa, 2008. - 472 p., Il.

6. Patent for invention №2383434 Method for producing glued wood structures and sawn timber.

7. Patent for invention №2565312 A method of manufacturing a glued construction timber

8. Rykunin S.N., Pyatkov V.E. Methods of compiling and calculating postav M., ed. MGULA, 2005, 70 p.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a laminated timber containing wood materials glued together with the formation of the inner layer and the outer layers adjacent to it, and the inner layer of the glued timber is made of alternating layers of solid boards and separate layers of pieces of boards, which are laid with the formation of gaps between them, In this way, the formation of layers from pieces of boards and inner layers of glued timber from solid boards is carried out with the alternation of the direction of annual rings of wood, characterized in that the inner layer minutes of boards segments operate to form a protrusion on one side and the depression on the other with respect to the adjacent layers of the whole board.