RU2685672C1 - System for the catching of oil and oil products vapors during filling-drain and transportation in railway tanks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil and gas industry, in particular, to oil and oil products light fractions catching during draining and transportation operations. System for catching vapors of oil and oil products during filling-draining and transportation in railway tanks includes device for condensation of petroleum products vapors, connected to railroad tank cars, and system of pipelines with possibility of their connection to tank farm of oil depot for filling-draining of oil products. In each cistern the filling tube sealing assembly is installed, it contains hollow housing, the base of which is rigidly installed on the tank cover equipped with a hole. Upper part of hollow body is made with external thread and with hole for installation of filling pipe equipped with restrictive bushing, rigidly installed on filling tube with possibility of sealing steam-air space of cistern with the help of seal in housing end and pressure nut installed on the restrictive bushing with threaded connection to the housing. In the hollow body in the made holes there installed are diametrically located branch pipes for oil and oil product vapors discharge, which are connected to similar pipes of other tanks by means of flexible hoses, which provide connection of air-vapor space of all tanks with condensation device of oil products vapors, which is installed in a separate car located either in the middle of the train, or in one of its ends, which also contains the refrigerating chamber compressor, the pipelines with the cooling agent of which are connected to the condensation device of oil products vapors.EFFECT: invention makes it possible to compensate pressure of oil products vapors at change of temperature conditions and fluctuations of oil products during transportation.4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, in particular to installations for capturing light fractions of oil and oil products during discharging operations and transportation.

A known installation for vapor recovery of petroleum products, containing a tank with a receiving pipeline, a refrigeration unit, absorbers of the first and second absorption stages with irrigation pipes connecting the upper parts of the absorbers with the refrigeration unit, a receiving gas pipeline connecting the steam zone of the tank with the lower part of the absorber of the first stage, the pump installed between the lower zone of the tank and the refrigeration unit, after the pump, there is an absorbent stabilizer, the nozzle of which is connected to the lower part the first stage absorber, and the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the refrigeration unit, the first and second stage absorbers are interconnected by a pipeline, and the first stage absorber irrigation pipe is connected by a pipe bridge to the receiving gas pipeline, and the ratio of the diameters of the first stage pipe and the irrigator pipe of the first stage absorber is taken to be 1: 3 (RF patent №2106903 C1, priority date 04/20/1993, publication date 03/20/1998, authors Gafarov N.N. et al., RU).

A disadvantage of the known installation is the complexity of the design, due to the use of absorption technology.

As a prototype, an installation for vapor recovery of oil and oil products was adopted, containing a refrigeration unit, a pipeline connected to the steam zone of the tank and to a refrigeration unit, a pump, stop valves and connecting pipelines. The refrigeration unit is made in the form of a steam-air mixture condensation unit connected to a refrigeration unit containing a cylindrical body with external thermal insulation, in which one or a group of hollow partitions in the form of bushings are installed coaxially, on the outer surface of each of which a spiral staggered coolant pipe is installed , ensuring the rotation of the vapor-air flow, the creation of centrifugal forces and optimal contact of the vapor with a cold surface, the ends of the refrigerant pipe are rigidly fixed in the lower part of the housing with the inlet and outlet fittings of the refrigerant connected to the refrigeration unit, and in the center of the lower part of the housing there is a fitting for condensate condensation of the steam-air mixture connected by pipeline to the condensate collection tank, provided in the lower part with a drain box with a drain valve to the tank for collecting condensate, a pipeline with a valve is connected, connecting the indicated container with the pump installation of the tank, the upper part of the body is hermetically sealed with a lid in which hermetically mounted A pair of steam and air mixture supply from a drainage tank and a nozzle for cleaned air to a drain tank, while the pressure and temperature sensors connected to the instrumentation and automation control unit of the refrigeration unit are also installed in the refrigeration unit (RF patent №2496559 C1, priority date August 10, 2012, publication date 10/27/2013, authors B. Kovalsky et al., RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is limited use due to the impossible vapor recovery of oil and oil products when pouring into railway tanks, transporting and discharging into tanks of oil depots in the absence of special sealed devices on railway tanks and tanks of oil depots.

A technical problem is the creation of a system for trapping oil and petroleum products both when they are poured and drained using the pipeline system of the tank farm tank, and when transported in railway tanks with the ability to compensate for vapor pressure when the temperature conditions of transportation and fluctuations of petroleum products change due to condensation of oil products and output to the atmosphere of the air cleared of vapors of oil.

To solve the technical problem, a system has been proposed for trapping oil and petroleum products during filling-in-discharge and transportation in railway tanks, characterized by the fact that it contains a device for the condensation of oil product vapor associated with railway tanks and a pipeline system with the possibility of connecting them to an oil tank storage tank for filling-discharge petroleum products. At the same time, the system is equipped with a bulk-pipe sealing assembly installed on the neck of each tank, containing pipelines for discharging oil and oil product vapors, which are connected to similar pipes of other tanks by means of flexible hoses, which ensure the connection of the vapor-vapor space of all tanks to the oil vapor condensation device, which is installed in a separate carriage located either in the middle of the train, or at one of its ends, which also contains the compressor of the refrigerating chamber, pipelines with refrigerant of which are connected with a device for condensation of vapors of petroleum products.

According to the invention, the bulk pipe sealing assembly comprises a hollow body, the base of which is rigidly mounted on a tank neck lid with an opening, the upper part of the body is made with an external thread and with a hole for free installation of a bulk pipe equipped with a limiting sleeve rigidly mounted on the bulk pipe the vapor space of the tank by means of a seal at the end of the body and a clamping nut mounted on the limiting bushing and on the threaded connection with the case, while the case is made with two diametrically located holes in which the steam-air mixture outlet pipes are hermetically installed, made with the possibility of their connection with similar branch pipes of other tanks using flexible hoses, as well as with the possibility of installing plugs in the extreme branch pipes of the composition during filling and transporting them, or connecting them to the pipeline of the tank farm tank, which is connected from above to the tank’s airspace when draining oil products.

According to the invention, a device for condensing petroleum vapors contains coaxially installed outer and inner pipes with a gap between them, the upper end of the inner pipe is provided with a fitting for the exit of air cleared of petroleum oil, and the lower end is open, spiral wound on the surface of the inner pipe. with a constant pitch of the refrigerant pipe, and its beginning and end are rigidly fixed on the inner pipe, at the upper end of the inner pipe is hermetically installed expand It is made with openings, one of which is a sealed pipe for supplying an air-steam mixture from tanks, another outlet is hermetically installed outlet of the refrigerant pipe, the lower part of the expander is tightly connected to the upper end of the outer pipe, the inner surface is in contact with the refrigerant pipe, and the lower end of the outer The pipes are hermetically connected to the condensate outlet, equipped with a hole in which the refrigerant supply pipe is tightly installed.

According to the invention, in the car, located in the middle of the train, two devices for the condensation of vapors of petroleum products are installed.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the construction of the bulkhead sealing assembly; in fig. 2 schematically shows the structure of the device for the condensation of petroleum vapor; in fig. 3 shows the technological scheme of loading of oil and oil products in railway tanks; in fig. 4 - scheme of the system during transportation; in fig. 5 shows the technological scheme of discharge of oil and oil products from railway tanks.

The inventive vapor recovery system of oil and petroleum products during filling-in and transport in railway tanks includes a bulk pipe sealing unit on the top of the rail of the railway tank (Fig. 1), an oil vapor condensation device (Fig. 2) associated with railway tanks, and a piping system for connection with the tank tank when pouring-discharge (Fig. 3, Fig. 5).

The sealing assembly (Fig. 1) of the filling pipe comprises a hollow body 1, the base of which is rigidly mounted on the tank neck opening 2 provided with an opening. The upper part of the hollow body is made with an external thread and with a hole for mounting the filling pipe 3, equipped with a restrictive sleeve 4 rigidly mounted on the filling pipe with the possibility of sealing the vapor-air space of the tank using the seal 5 in the end face of the body 1 and the pressure nut 6 mounted on the restrictive sleeve 4 with a threaded connection with the housing 1. In this case, the hollow body 1 is made with two diametrically spaced holes in which the connections 7 and 8 of the vapor-air mixture are sealed designed to be connected with similar connections of other tanks with the help of flexible hoses, which ensure the connection of the vapor-air space of all tanks with a device for the condensation of oil product vapors.

The device for the condensation of vapors of petroleum products (Fig. 2) contains coaxially mounted outer 9 and inner 10 pipes with a gap between them. The upper end of the inner pipe 10 is equipped with a fitting 11 for the exit of the air cleared of petroleum oil, and the lower end is open. In the gap between the pipes 9, 10 there is a refrigerant pipeline 12 wound on the surface of the inner pipe in a spiral with a constant pitch on the inner pipe 10 and connected to the refrigeration unit (conventionally not shown). At the upper end of the inner pipe 10 is an expander 13 hermetically installed, made with holes, in one of which a pipe 14 for supplying an air-steam mixture from tanks is hermetically installed, the outlet of the refrigerant pipe 12 is hermetically installed. The lower part of the expander 13 is sealed to the upper end of the outer pipe 9, the contacting inner surface with the refrigerant piping 12. The lower end of the outer tube is hermetically connected to the condensate outlet 15 to the storage tank (conventionally not showing ano), provided with a hole in which the refrigerant supply pipe 12 is hermetically installed. A device for the condensation of vapors of petroleum products is installed in a separate carriage 16, which also contains the compressor of the refrigerating chamber, the pipelines with refrigerant of which are connected to the device for the condensation of vapors of petroleum products. Car 16 may be located in the middle of a train or at one of its ends. At the same time, on average, the carriage 16 can be equipped with two devices for the condensation of petroleum vapor (Fig. 3).

When pouring oil into the tank, the vapor-air mixture under pressure through the pipe 7 or 8 of the sealing unit for the filling pipe 3 (Fig. 1) enters through the pipe 14 into the expander 13 of the device for vapor condensation of the oil product (Fig. 2) and moves through the cavities formed between the refrigerant pipe 12 and the inner surface of the outer pipe 9 through the helical surface, which increases the time of contact of the vapor-air mixture and the condensation of the oil product, while the condensate enters the storage tank, and the purified air can be directed either into the atmosphere, or through the pipeline 17 to the tank (P) tank farm 18, from which the tank cars are loaded.

The system of vapor recovery of petroleum products involves the implementation of three technologies: the first is the vapor recovery of petroleum products when they are poured into railway tanks (Fig. 3), the second is during transportation (Fig. 4), and the third is when oil products are drained from tanks into the tank farm (Fig. 5). ).

The technology of vapor recovery of petroleum products when loading into rail tank cars (Fig. 3) is as follows. Before filling the oil product, it is necessary to check the tightness of the plugs on the extreme nozzles 7 or 8 of the vapor removal (Fig 1, Fig. 3), remove the plugs from the filling pipe sealing devices (not shown conventionally), install the filling pipe 3 into the sealing assembly (Fig. 1) and fix it with the nut 6 on the housing 1, connect the outlet 11 (fig. 2) of the cleaned-out air output with the help of the pipeline 17 to the tank of the oil depot 18 (fig. 3), turn on the pump (H) 19 and through the pipeline 20 connected to bulk tank 3 fill rail tank cars. When the rail tank is filled, the pressure in it increases, as a result of which the vapor-air mixture flows through flexible hoses 21 and branch pipes 7, 8 into the condensation device (FIG. 2) located in the car 16. Condensate flows along the surfaces of the refrigerant pipe 12 into the storage tank ( not shown), and the purified air through the pipeline 17 enters the tank 18 tank farm (Fig. 3).

The described technological scheme is used for the transportation of petroleum products. In this case, as the temperature conditions of transportation and fluctuations of oil products in the railroad tank change, the pressure in it also changes, the excess of which is compensated by condensation of oil product vapors that have passed through the flexible hoses 21 into the condensation device (Fig. 2). In this scheme, the plugs installed on the housing 1 (conventionally not shown) are used in the sealing stations of the filling pipe, and the air cleared of oil product vapor is discharged through the nozzle 11 into the atmosphere. The flow chart is shown in FIG. four.

The technology of vapor recovery of petroleum products when they are drained from railway tanks into the tank farm tank is as follows. Before discharging petroleum products, it is necessary to connect the devices of the tank farm drain to the tank dischargers. In this case, the air space of the tank of the oil depot 22 must be connected with the help of pipelines 23 with the extreme branch pipes 7 or 8 of the vapor-air mixture. When discharging oil products from railway tanks, the pressure of the vapor-air mixture in the tank of the tank farm 22 increases, which ensures its flow through the pipe 23, pipes 7 or 8 and flexible hoses 21 into the railway tanks, and the excess vapor-air mixture enters the condensation device in the car 16 (Fig. 5 ).

The use of a vapor recovery system for oil and petroleum products during pouring-discharge and transportation in railway tanks eliminates atmospheric pollution and moisture in rail tank cars, preserves the quality of petroleum products, increases the time required for stripping tanks and reservoirs, reduces the loss of oil products and protects the environment from harmful emissions.

Claims (4)

1. A system for collecting vapors of oil and petroleum products during filling-pouring and transportation in railway tanks, characterized by the fact that it contains a device for the condensation of vapors of petroleum products associated with railway tanks, and a piping system with the possibility of their connection to the tank oil tank for loading-unloading oil products This system is equipped with a bulk tank sealing assembly mounted on the neck of each tank, containing pipes for discharging oil and oil product vapor that are connected to an Similar tanks of other tanks using flexible hoses connecting the vapor space of all tanks with an oil vapor condensation device, which is installed in a separate carriage located either in the middle of the train or at one of its ends, which also contains the compressor of the refrigerating chamber, refrigerant pipelines which is connected to a device for condensing petroleum vapor. 2. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that the sealing unit for filling the inlet pipe comprises a hollow body, the base of which is rigidly mounted on the tank neck opening with an opening, the upper part of the body is made with an external thread and with an opening for free installation of the inlet pipe equipped with a restrictive bushing rigidly mounted on the filling pipe with the possibility of sealing the vapor space of the tank by means of a seal at the end of the body and a pressure nut mounted on the limiting bushing and on the threads connection with the case, the case is made with two diametrically located holes in which the steam-air mixture outlet pipes are sealed, made with the possibility of their connection with similar pipes of other tanks using flexible hoses, as well as with the possibility of installing plugs in the end pipes of the composition loading and transportation, or their connection with the pipeline of the tank farm tank, which is connected from above to the airspace of the tank when draining oil products from tanks. 3. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that the condensation device for the vapors of petroleum products contains coaxially mounted outer and inner pipes with a gap between them, the upper end of the inner pipe is equipped with a nozzle for leaving the air cleared of petroleum product air, and the lower end is open the pipes have a coolant pipe wound on the surface of the inner pipe in a spiral with a constant pitch, with its beginning and end rigidly fixed on the inner pipe, and tightly installed on the upper end of the inner pipe Oven expanded, made with holes, in one of which is tightly installed pipe supplying steam-air mixture of tanks, in the other hole hermetically installed outlet of the refrigerant pipe, the lower part of the expander is tightly connected to the upper end of the outer pipe, the contacting inner surface with the refrigerant pipe, and the bottom end the outer pipe is hermetically connected to the condensate drain fitting, equipped with a hole in which the refrigerant supply pipe is tightly installed. 4. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that in the car, located in the middle of the train, there are two devices for condensation of petroleum vapor.

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