RU2685050C1 - Exhaust shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of ventilation and can be used to remove polluted air from the livestock or production premises. Exhaust shaft includes rectangular cross-section air duct made of heat-insulating walls and located on the south side of the panel transparent to solar radiation with an air layer, installed in the middle of shaft parallel to transparent panel heat-conducting screen, accumulating solar energy, at that, the energy source for movement of air in the shaft is made in the form of a needle-shaped metal conductor, which is turned with a sharpened end in the gap between the umbrella and the shaft head, and is connected to the direct current network.EFFECT: higher air capacity of the exhaust shaft in the absence of wind and solar radiation.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ventilation and can be used to remove polluted air from the livestock or industrial premises.

A ventilation shaft is known, including an exhaust shaft, a heating element attached to its tip, made in the form of a pipe covering the head with a transverse partition wall inside it, which forms two sections in the pipe, and hot and cold water pipes connected to them, both sides of the septum [1].

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the well-known ventilation shaft include the fact that its scope is limited to rooms equipped with hot water supply.

The exhaust shaft is also known, containing a rectangular cross-section duct, made of heat-insulating walls and located on the south side of a solar-transparent panel with an air gap, installed in the middle of the shaft parallel to the transparent panel screen of thermally conductive material, whose surface, facing the panel, is covered light-absorbing layer [2], adopted for the prototype.

For reasons that impede the achievement of the following technical result when using this mine, adopted for the prototype, is the low efficiency of work in the dark and in the absence of wind.

The invention consists in the use of "ion wind" that occurs when direct current is applied to the cusps of conductors and directed from the tip to create a vacuum in the upper part of the exhaust shaft, gain due to this thrust and increase air productivity in it in calm weather and in the absence of solar radiation.

In particular, the placement on the side of the upper part of the conductor shaft of a needle-shaped shape, directed by a pointed end into the gap between the umbrella and the tip of the shaft, allows, by passing a constant electric current through it, to get an "ion wind", which during its movement drags the adjacent layers air and windless weather replaces the missing natural airflow. When a mixture of ions and air is blown through, the speed of its movement between the umbrella and the shaft head will be greater than in the surrounding still air, and the pressure is below atmospheric, therefore polluted air will be sucked from the ventilation shaft (Bernoulli’s law is implemented), which activates the process of airing the room in calm weather. .

The technical result is an increase in the air output of the exhaust shaft in the absence of wind and solar radiation.

This technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the well-known exhaust mine, including a rectangular cross-section duct made of insulating walls and located on the south side of the transparent to solar radiation panel with an air gap, installed in the middle of the shaft parallel to the transparent panel heat-conducting screen that accumulates solar energy, the source of energy for the movement of air in the mine is carried out in the form of a metallic conductor needle-shaped rmy facing pointed end into the gap between the head part and an umbrella shaft and connected to a direct current network.

In the absence of wind and solar radiation, an increase in the airflow capacity of the exhaust shaft is provided by artificially produced pitch generated by the “ion wind” emanating from the needle-like conductor with a sharp end directed between the umbrella and the top of the shaft, allowing the air mixture to move at a certain speed and reduce the pressure in this part of the shaft below atmospheric, and also to ensure the suction of polluted air from the room.

The proposed device is illustrated in the drawing.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the exhaust mine.

Exhaust shaft contains a rectangular cross-section duct, made of insulating walls 1 and located on the south side of the transparent for solar radiation panel 2 with an air gap installed in the middle of the mine parallel to the transparent panel 2, the screen 3 of conductive material, the surface of which is facing the panel 2, covered with a light-absorbing layer, needle-like conductor 4 fixed on the top edge of the shaft at its top with the help of an electrically insulating bracket 5 to create an “ionic” The “needle-shaped conductor 4 is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier (terminal 6), with a grounded negative pole (terminal 7), the umbrella 8 and the rotary valve 9.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention to obtain the above technical result.

Exhaust shaft works as follows.

In the cold period of the year, the air output of the mine is ensured by the natural draft of the air.

During the transitional and warm periods of the year, when the temperature difference between the internal and external air is small, in clear weather during the daytime the solar radiation passing through the transparent panel 2 falls on the light-absorbing surface of the screen 3, heating the latter above the temperature of the exhaust air, which increases the air output of the shaft.

After sunset, the screen not illuminated by it quickly cools down and, in calm weather, the air output of the mine is insufficient. At this time, the “ion wind” is received, obtained by communicating an electric needle-insulated needle-like conductor 4 by connecting it to a positive pole (terminal 6) of a rectifier connected to a household electrical network, with a grounded negative pole (terminal 7).

When a needle-shaped conductor 4 insulated from the ground is communicated by electric charge by connecting it to the rectifier terminal 6, the charge density due to the peculiarities of their distribution over the conductor surface, significantly depending on the shape of its surface, will be greatest at the sharp end of the needle-like conductor 4, where the electric field intensity is is great, which causes the ionization of air molecules near the cusp of the needle-like conductor 4 and the emergence of an “ion wind”, the intensity of which depends on the supplied voltage.

The appearance in the upper part of the exhaust shaft “ion wind” creates a vacuum in it and provides suction of polluted air from the room in the absence of wind and solar radiation.

Umbrella 8 prevents precipitation from entering the room. Using the rotary valve 9 regulate the air output of the exhaust shaft.

The equipment of the exhaust shaft with a needle-like conductor placed at its tip, and obtaining the “ion wind” ensures the intensification of the air exchange of the room and the stable operation of the shaft in the absence of wind and solar radiation in warm and transitional periods of the year while the device is simple.

Thus, the information presented indicates the implementation of the following combination of conditions when using the claimed invention (device):

- means embodying the claimed device in its implementation is intended for use in industry and agriculture, namely to create a microclimate in the premises, in particular, purification of the internal air from moisture and harmful impurities;

- for the claimed device, as it is described in the independent clause of the stated claims, the possibility of its implementation is confirmed using the means and methods described in the application or known before the priority date.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Information sources

1. Copyright certificate for invention SU №1788394 A2, 1990.

2. Copyright certificate for invention SU № 1762081 A1, 1992, prototype.

Claims (1)

Exhaust shaft, including a rectangular cross-section air duct, made of insulating walls and located on the south side of the solar-transparent panel with an air gap, installed in the middle of the shaft parallel to the transparent panel is a heat-conducting screen that accumulates solar energy, characterized in that the energy source for air movement in the mine, they are made in the form of a needle-shaped metal conductor, turned by a pointed end into the gap between the umbrella and the tip mine, and connect to a network of direct electric current.

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