RU2682890C1 - Superhigh frequency multi-resonator installation for separation of flix from skin of rabbits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cattle breeding.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ultrahigh frequency equipment for use in a rabbit farm for combing out flix. Ultrahigh frequency multi-cavity unit for separating flix from rabbit skin contains coaxially installed air duct in vertically located cylindrical shielding case. Cylindrical resonators are vertically arranged along the inner perimeter of the shielding case. Upper bases of the resonators are the cover of the shielding case, consisting of two halves attached to the radial frame by means of hinge loops. Each resonator has coaxially located removable dielectric cylinders without bases and rotating dielectric cone-shaped straighteners installed on shafts with driven stars. On the underside of the generatrix of each resonator, a segment of the pneumatic line is mounted with a configuration that allows them to be joined, forming a common pneumatic line. Dielectric pegs are attached to the inner surface of the generator of removable dielectric cylinders, so that their length decreases along the height of the cylinder, creating space for the vertical placement of the straightener with the skin with fur outside. On the lower perimeter of the forming dielectric cylinders there is a perforation. Driven sprockets are engaged in a clutch with a leading sprocket, located under the base of the shielding case on the shaft. Shaft is mounted in the center of the duct connected to an exhaust fan and with ventilation sleeves from each magnetron. Each magnetron radiates through two waveguides installed in two adjacent resonators from the side of the duct. There are ventilation pipes between the resonators and the air duct.EFFECT: proposed ultrahigh frequency multi-resonator installation for separating flix from rabbit skins ensures effective separation of flix while disinfecting it.1 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to microwave equipment and can be used in rabbit farming, for example for the selective heating of the skins of rabbits when combing down.

It is known that in most farm rabbit farms, thick-fur rabbit skins are sent to protein feed workshops after shooting due to low sales of dried skins. Although with 3 ... 5 rabbits you can get up to 1 kg of fluff. Therefore, we propose a new technology for collecting down from the skin. Currently, there is only technology for collecting fluff from live rabbits - these are plucking and haircut technologies [2].

The developed microwave installation is designed to implement the technology of plucking down the fibers from the skin, the retention force of which is weakened due to the selective effect of the electromagnetic field of the microwave.

An object of the invention is the development of a microwave installation, providing a weakening of the retention force of fluff in the skin, shot from a rabbit, combing and collecting fluff.

The microwave frequency installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits is characterized by

that an air duct is coaxially mounted in a vertically arranged cylindrical shielding case, and cylindrical resonators are vertically arranged around the case perimeter, the top bases of which are the shielding case cover, consisting of two halves attached to the radial frame by means of hinge loops,

moreover, in each resonator, removable dielectric cylinders without bases and rotating dielectric cone-shaped rules mounted on shafts with driven sprockets are coaxially located, while a piece of a pneumatic pipe is installed on the lower side of the generatrix of each resonator, with a configuration that allows them to be joined to form a common pneumatic pipe,

at the same time, dielectric pegs are attached to the inner surface of the generatrix of the removable dielectric cylinders, so that their length decreases along the height of the cylinder, creating a space for vertical placement of the rule with the skin, fur outward, and there is perforation along the lower perimeter of the generators,

while the driven sprockets enter the clutch with the drive sprocket located under the base of the shielding housing on the shaft mounted in the center of the duct connected to the exhaust fan and with ventilation sleeves from each magnetron operating on two waveguides installed in two adjacent resonators from the duct side.

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image microwave frequency resonator for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits (in the context):

1 - cylindrical shielding housing;

2 - cylindrical resonator;

3 - removable dielectric cylinder without bases;

4 - dielectric spikes;

5 - dielectric cone-shaped rules on the corresponding dielectric shafts;

6 - magnetrons;

7 - waveguides;

8 - air vent;

9 - a leading asterisk on an electric motor shaft;

10 - ventilating sleeves from magnetrons;

11 - driven sprockets on the shaft of cone-shaped rules;

12 - pneumatic pipeline;

13 - covers with hinge hinges;

14 - exhaust fan;

15 - ventilation pipes between the resonators and the duct.

In FIG. 2 shows a spatial image microwave frequency resonator installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits (without a leading sprocket cut).

In FIG. 3 shows a spatial image of a shielding case without covers.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows a spatial image of a cylindrical resonator with a ventilation sleeve from a magnetron and two waveguides, a channel for pneumatic transportation of fluff (oblique view).

In FIG. 5 shows a spatial image of a cylindrical resonator with a ventilation sleeve from a magnetron and two waveguides, a channel for pneumatic transportation of fluff (front view).

In FIG. 6 shows a spatial image of a cylindrical resonator (bottom view, channels for pneumatic transportation of fluff).

In FIG. 7 shows a spatial image of a removable dielectric cylinder with pegs on the generatrix (top view).

In FIG. 8 shows a spatial image of a removable dielectric cylinder with pegs on the generatrix (bottom view).

In FIG. 9 shows a spatial image of a dielectric cone-shaped rule, which is mounted on a shaft with a driven sprocket.

In FIG. 10 is a spatial view of a drive sprocket on a shaft.

In FIG. 11 shows a spatial image of one cover of the shielding housing.

Microwave multi-resonator installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits (Fig. 1-11) contains:

cylindrical shielding housing 1; cylindrical resonator 2; removable dielectric cylinder without bases 3; dielectric pegs 4; dielectric cone-shaped rules on the corresponding dielectric shafts 5; magnetrons 6; waveguides 7; air outlet 8; drive sprocket on motor shaft 9; ventilation sleeves from magnetrons 10; driven asterisks on a shaft of cone-shaped rules 11; air line 12; covers with hinge hinges 13; exhaust fan 14; ventilation pipes between the resonators and the duct 15.

The principle of operation of a microwave frequency resonator installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits is based on the weakening of the force of restraint of fluff in the skin during selective heating in an electromagnetic field of microwave frequency, combing out the fibers of the fluff while maintaining presentation, their collection and pneumatic transportation.

Microwave resonator installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits contains a cylindrical shielding housing 1, located vertically. An air outlet 8 is coaxially installed inside the shielding case 1. Cylindrical resonators 2 are vertically arranged around the shielding case 1, the upper bases of which are the cover 13 of the shielding case 1, which consists of two halves attached to the radial frame by means of hinge loops.

In each cylindrical resonator 2, removable dielectric cylinders 3 without bases and rotating dielectric cone-shaped rules 5 are coaxially mounted. The cone-shaped rules 5 are mounted on the shafts where the driven sprockets are contained 11. On the lower side of the generatrix of each cylindrical resonator 2 there is a piece of pneumatic conduit with a configuration that allows them to be joined, forming a common air line 12.

Dielectric pegs 4 are attached to the inner surface of the generatrix of the removable dielectric cylinders 3, so that their length decreases along the height of the cylinder, creating a space for vertical placement of rule 5 with the skin, the fur out. Along the lower perimeter of the generatrices of the dielectric cylinders 3 there is perforation.

The driven sprockets 11 enter the clutch with the drive sprocket 9 located under the base of the shielding housing 1 on the shaft. The shaft is installed in the center of duct 8. The duct is connected to an exhaust fan and ventilation arms 10 are connected to it from each magnetron 6. From each magnetron 6 radiation is directed to two waveguides 7 installed in two adjacent resonators 2, from duct 8.

This will reduce the overall dimensions of the installation, although the use of individual magnetrons will increase the power of the radiation flux in the resonator, therefore, it will accelerate the process of weakening the holding power of the fluff fibers. But with a periodic operating mode of the installation with individual magnetrons that increase the book value, economic efficiency decreases. Moreover, the duration of the pause is much longer than the duration of the processing of raw materials.

Ventilation sleeves 7 from magnetrons 6 and ventilation tubes 15 from resonators 2 are connected to an air duct 6 containing an exhaust fan 14 with an electric motor. Elements of the electronic unit of the generator, start-up protection equipment and the process control system are located in the control cabinet.

The technological process of weakening the strength of fluff retention in the skin of a rabbit due to the selective effect of an electromagnetic field of an ultrahigh frequency on multicomponent raw materials, combing out the fibers of fluff, collecting and transporting fluff is as follows.

Open the covers 13 (two halves of the upper base of the shielding housing 1), pull out the removable dielectric cylinders 3 containing the dielectric pegs 4. Pull the rabbit skins 5 with the fur outwards onto the cone-shaped rules 5. Replace the removable dielectric cylinders 3 in the cylindrical resonator 2. Close both covers 13.

Using the start-up equipment located in the control cabinet, turn on the electric motors of the exhaust fan 14, which provides cooling of the magnetrons 4, the pneumatic conveyor motor, designed to move the fluff through the perforations of the dielectric cylinders 3 and the base of the resonators 2 into the pneumatic conduit 12, and then into the cyclone where the fluff is collected.

Then turn on the electric motor, on the shaft of which the drive sprocket 9 is located, which enters the clutch by driven sprockets 11. At the same time, all cone-shaped dielectric rules 5 with rabbit skins begin to rotate. Next, turn on all microwave generators (magnetrons 6) for a certain period of time. Warm air from the magnetrons 6 during their operation and the resonator chambers is removed through the ventilation sleeves 10, ventilation pipes 15 and the common air outlet 8 using an exhaust fan 14.

In a cylindrical resonator 2, an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency occurs, selective heating of the skin and down occurs in proportion to their dielectric parameters. During the rotation of the dielectric cone-shaped rules 11, the fluff 4 fibers are combed out with dielectric pegs, the retention force of which is weakened due to the selective dielectric heating of the skin. By the exhaust fan 14, the fluff is sucked through the perforations of the removable dielectric cylinders 3, through the pneumatic duct channels having resonators 2 in the base, then it is transported via the pneumatic duct 12 to a cyclone located outside the installation. The electric field strength in the resonators is high enough to reduce the bacterial contamination of the fluff.

Due to the significant difference between the dielectric loss of the skin (the dielectric loss tangent is 0.2 ... 0.3, the dielectric constant is 10 ... 15) and the fluff (dielectric loss tangent is 0.05, the dielectric constant is 2 ... 4), the fluff practically does not heat up [one]. The possibility of increasing the heating temperature of the surface layer of the skin allows you to weaken the strength of lint retention by several times. The heat treatment mode depends on the condition of the fur and skin.

After the time delay, the microwave generators 6 and the motor 9 of the drive rules 5 are turned off, after which the dielectric rules 5 stop rotating. Next, you can open the cover 13 of the shielding housing 1, as it will turn off the lock. After that, remove removable dielectric cylinders 3, remove skins without fur from rules 5 and put them in a waste container. Pull a new batch of unprocessed rabbit skins with the fur outward onto the rules 5. Install removable dielectric cylinders 3 with spikes in the corresponding resonators 2. Close the covers 13, start the electric motor to drive the rules, turn on the microwave generators 6. The higher the speed of the rules, the higher the kinetic impact energy splitting through the fibers of fluff and the removal process is more efficient.

The volume of each cylindrical resonator must be sufficient to accommodate the rules with the skin, and the dimensions of the resonator must be consistent with the wavelength. The length of the pegs should ensure the combing of the fibers of the fluff.

Thus, the installation operates in a batch mode and allows you to combine: selective endogenous heating of the skin of the skins and combing of the fibers of fluff; collection and disinfection; pneumatic conveying of fluff into a cyclone.

The performance of the installation depends on the number of microwave generators.

Information sources

1. Rogov, I.A. Electrophysical, optical and acoustic characteristics of food products / I.A. Rogov, V.Ya. Adamenko, S.V. Nekrutman et al. M .: Light and food industry, 1981. - 288 p.

2. Shumilin, N.N. Workshop on rabbit breeding / N.N. Shumilin, Yu.A. Kalugin, N.A. Balakirev - M .: Lan, 2009 .-- 148 p.

Claims (5)

Microwave multi-resonator installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits, characterized in that that an air duct is coaxially mounted in a vertically arranged cylindrical shielding case, and cylindrical resonators are vertically arranged around the case perimeter, the top bases of which are the shielding case cover, consisting of two halves attached to the radial frame by means of hinge loops, moreover, in each resonator, removable dielectric cylinders without bases and rotating dielectric cone-shaped rules mounted on shafts with driven sprockets are coaxially located, while on the lower side of the generatrix of each resonator there is a section of the pneumatic pipeline with a configuration that allows them to be joined, forming a common pneumatic pipeline, at the same time, dielectric pegs are attached to the inner surface of the generatrix of the removable dielectric cylinders, so that their length decreases along the height of the cylinder, creating a space for vertical placement of the rule with the skin, fur outward, and there is perforation along the lower perimeter of the generators, while the driven sprockets enter the clutch with the drive sprocket located under the base of the shielding housing on a shaft mounted in the center of the duct connected to the exhaust fan and with ventilation arms from each magnetron operating on two waveguides installed in two adjacent resonators, from the duct side .

Images