RU2703918C2 - Apparatus for separating fluff from rabbit skin in ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cattle breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in rabbit breeding industry. Apparatus for separating fluff from the rabbit hide in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency comprises a non-ferromagnetic tray with a drain hole arranged on the mounting frame. Non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor is installed on tray, transfer mechanisms of which are closed with cover. Non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor is closed by horizontally located semi-cylindrical non-ferromagnetic dome to form semi-cylindrical resonator. Extra-high frequency generators are arranged on canopy side surface. Inside the dome there is a horizontally located dielectric tweaking drum with pins, above which there is a dielectric hood with a pneumatic duct. Shaped drum shaft and rollers axis are arranged in parallel. In the ends of the semi-cylindrical dome there are slots, in front of one of which there is a bath with a roller with absorbing coating, above which there is a pressure roller.

EFFECT: fur retention of the rabbit skin is loosened.

1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The alleged invention relates to microwave equipment and can be used in a rabbit farm, for example for collecting fluff from the skin of rabbits.

Known installation (AS No. 20254) using a machine for shearing wool, where the skin is fed using the adjustable roller spring table for detachable comb knives, driven by separate drives.

Known machine for cutting skins of nutria with a hot wire (see analog) [ytpfijyyj.nadache-dzerjinsk.ru]

There is an old way of removing fluff from the skins of rabbits (A.S. No. 40499), which provides for pre-moistening with a warm solution of sodium chloride, by rubbing them into the skins on the mezra. At the same time, the fluff easily breaks off with a pinch machine. So, there are known methods of removing fluff by cutting skins on quilting machines or by plucking hair.

Our proposed technology for collecting fluff occurs in the process of moving the skins of rabbits moistened with a warm solution of sodium chloride through a half-cylinder resonator of a microwave installation.

The installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits in an electromagnetic field of an ultrahigh frequency is characterized by the fact that a non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor is installed on the non-ferromagnetic tray with a drain hole located on the mounting frame, the gears of which are covered by a lid,

the roller conveyor is closed by a horizontally located semi-cylindrical non-ferromagnetic dome, forming a semi-cylindrical resonator, and microwave generators are located on the side surface of the dome, inside which there is a horizontally located dielectric pinch drum with pegs, above which there is a dielectric umbrella with a pneumatic conduit, and the shaft of the pinch drum and the axis of the rollers are parallel, and at the ends of the semicylindrical dome there are gaps, in front of one of them there are lozhena bath with coating absorbent roller over which there is a pressure roller.

An object of the invention is the development of a microwave installation, providing a weakening of the retention force of fluff in the skin, shot from a rabbit, combing and collecting fluff.

Installation for the separation of fluff from the skin of rabbits in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency is characterized by

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image of the installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency, (in section):

1 - pneumatic pipeline;

2 - a dielectric umbrella providing suction of fluff;

3, 4 - a plucking drum with spikes of dielectric material;

5 - non-ferromagnetic tray for collecting fat and mazra; having a drain hole;

6 - roller conveyor made of non-ferromagnetic material;

7 - a cover over gears;

8 - bath for saline solution;

9 - roller absorbent coating;

10 - pressure roller;

11 - a semi-cylindrical non-ferromagnetic dome having slots for receiving raw materials from one end and unloading the skins from the other end;

12 - microwave generators with low-power magnetrons with air cooling.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a spatial image of an apparatus for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits in an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field (general view).

In FIG. 3 shows a spatial image of a bath for saline solution.

In FIG. 4 shows a spatial image of a non-ferromagnetic dome, which is an element of a semi-cylindrical resonator, with microwave generators.

In FIG. 5 shows a spatial image of a plucking drum with pegs of dielectric material.

In FIG. 6 is a spatial view of the roll with an absorbent coating.

In FIG. 7 shows a spatial image of a non-ferromagnetic tray for collecting fat and mezra.

In FIG. 8 shows a spatial image of a pinch roller.

In FIG. 9 is a spatial view of a cover above a roller conveyor covering transmission mechanisms.

Installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (Fig. 1-19) contains: pneumatic pipe 1; dielectric umbrella 2, providing suction of fluff; a plucking drum 4 with pegs 3 of dielectric material; a pan 5 for collecting fat and mezdra from non-ferromagnetic material; non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor 6, a cover over the gears 7; bath 8 for saline; absorbent coating roller 9; pinch roller 10; non-ferromagnetic semi-cylindrical dome 11; Microwave generators 12.

The principle of operation of the apparatus for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits in an electromagnetic field of an ultrahigh frequency is based on providing a weakening of the strength of fluff retention in the skin during selective dielectric heating and soaking of the mouzra with saline, combing out fluff fibers and pneumatic conveying.

Installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency is performed as follows.

A pallet 5 is installed on the mounting frame, having a hole at the bottom for draining the melted fat. A non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor 6 is mounted on the non-ferromagnetic tray 5, the transmission mechanisms in the form of chains and sprockets located on the sides are closed by a cover 7. The roller conveyor 6 is closed by a horizontally located semi-cylindrical dome 11 of their non-ferromagnetic material. The semi-cylindrical dome 11 and the roller conveyor 6 form a semi-cylindrical resonator having slit ends of less than a quarter wavelength at the ends. Slots are designed to feed the original skins into a volume resonator and to unload used leather. Microwave generators 12 are uniformly located on the surface of the semi-cylindrical dome 11. A dielectric pinch drum 4 with pegs 3 is mounted inside the resonator so that it is pressed against the roller conveyor 6, and the gap between them is adjustable. The shaft of the drum 4 and the axis of the rollers 6 are in parallel planes. Directly above the dielectric pinch drum 3, 4, a dielectric umbrella 2 is installed, which contributes to the suction of fluff using an exhaust fan through the pneumatic pipe 1. In front of the roller conveyor 6, there is a salt solution bath 8, inside which there is a roller 9 with an absorbent coating (fur, foam rubber, etc. ) A pressure roller 10 is mounted above the roller 9.

The technological process of weakening the strength of fluff retention in the skin during selective dielectric heating and soaking of the mouzra with saline, combing down of fluff fibers and pneumatic transport is as follows.

Pour the saline solution into the bath 8. Turn on the electric motor, which drives the roller conveyor 6, the gears of which are closed by a cover 7, and the roller 9 with an absorbent coating. Turn on the exhaust fan for suctioning fluff through the air line 1. Turn on the electric motor of the dielectric pinch drum 4 with pegs 3, the speed of which can be adjusted.

The skin, taken in the form of a stocking from the rabbit carcass, should be cut in length and expanded in width, sent between the roller 9 and the pressure roller 10, so that the meshed side of the skin is in contact with the absorbent coating of the roller 9, and fluff up. At the same time, the flesh of the skin is soaked in warm saline, which destroys the hair follicles (these are capsules made of skin, inside of which the hair roots are located). Then the skin moves to the roller conveyor. Then turn on the microwave generators. In the process of moving using a roller conveyor 6, in a semicylindrical resonator (11, 6), the skin is selectively exposed to an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (EMF-microwave). At the same time, the strength of hair retention in the skin is weakened due to a significant difference in the dielectric characteristics of hair, follicles, dermis, etc., as well as saline, which is also heated in EMF. It should be noted that the strength of the hair in different topographic areas of the skin is not the same. The skin with a weakened holding power of the hair in the skin is pulled under a dielectric pinch drum 4, where the fluff is combed out using pegs 3, it is sucked out by an exhaust fan through a pneumatic pipe 1 into a special cyclone unloader. In the process of moving with the help of the non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor 6, fat is melted from the head side and salt is poured out, all this is drained through the slots between the rollers into the non-ferromagnetic sump 5, from where it is removed through the drain hole. The spent skin is pushed from the roller conveyor 6 from the semi-cylindrical resonator through the discharge slot into the storage container. The technological process is continuous, while the environmentally friendly power flux density should not exceed 25 μW / m, with 8 hours of operation. If the slots for supplying raw materials and unloading waste are less than a quarter of the wavelength (limited by the skin thickness equal to 1 cm), then with the correct location of the pressure roller at the receiving slit, the maximum permissible level of power flux density is maintained. In addition, electromagnetic radiation through the gap is quenched in saline and increases its temperature.

At the end of the process, turn off the microwave generators 12, stop the electric motors of the roller conveyor 6 and the roller 9, then the electric motor of the dielectric pinch drum 4. Then turn off the exhaust fan. The width of the roller conveyor should be greater than the width of the deployed rabbit skin. The dimensions of the semi-cylindrical resonator must be consistent with the wavelength, especially the diameter of the dome. The length of the pegs 3 should ensure combing down from the skin. The performance of the installation depends on the number of microwave generators, on the type of skins, on the concentration of saline.

So, our proposed technology for collecting fluff is implemented by the installation, which provides a weakening of the retention force of the hairline in the skin due to selective dielectric heating and rubbing into the skins, on the mezzanine side, with a solution of sodium chloride. The installation provides movement of the unfolded skin of the rabbit using a roller conveyor through a semi-cylindrical resonator located horizontally, having slots at the ends. Microwave generators are located on the side surface of the resonator. In front of the resonator there is a bath with saline solution, where a rotating roller with an absorbent coating is located. This will wet the skin from the side of the mezdra with saline. Further, the skin with the help of a roller conveyor falls under the pinch drum with pegs. The plucked fluff is sucked out by an exhaust fan. The skin without fur is removed from the other end of the semi-cylindrical resonator. Under the roller conveyor there is a container with a drain slot. From this flows the molten fat. The pinch drum and conveyor rollers are made of dielectric material, for example, fluoroplastic. When the skin is in the EMF-UHF, the retention force of the hair cover is weakened and, moreover, from the skin wetted with saline, the fluff easily breaks off at the very root with a plucking drum.

Claims (1)

Installation for separating fluff from the skin of rabbits in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency, characterized in that a non-ferromagnetic tray with a drain hole located on the mounting frame is equipped with a non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor, the transmission mechanisms of which are closed by a lid, while the non-ferromagnetic roller conveyor is closed by a horizontally located semi-cylindrical non-ferromagnetic dome, forming a semi-cylindrical resonator, and microwave generators are located on the side the surface of the dome, inside which there is a horizontally located dielectric pinch drum with pegs, over which there is a dielectric umbrella with a pneumatic conduit, the shaft of the pinch drum and the axis of the rollers are parallel, and there are slots at the ends of the semi-cylindrical dome, in front of one of them there is a bath with an absorbent roller a coating over which there is a pinch roller.

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