RU2671710C1 - Microwave installation for raw material heat treatment under milling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for heat treatment of raw materials in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency and can be used in agriculture, for example, for heat treatment and disinfection of fodder grain, meat raw materials, non-food slaughter waste, etc. Microwave installation comprises cylindrical shielding body 2 fixed to the springs. Inside body 2, non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4 is provided coaxially arranged in the form of a float. Non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4 is rigidly mounted to disk 6, forming a rotor. Rotor is rotated by an electric motor whose shaft is connected via a geared motor to shaft 5 located inside non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4 along a central axis. Lower end of shaft 5 passes through the central hole of disc 6. Receptacle 8 and microwave generators 7 are installed on the cover of the shielding body 2, the emitters of which are directed to coaxial resonator 4. Discharge nozzle 3, located on the side surface of shielding body 2, is docked to a pneumatic transporter with a cyclone unloader through an exhaust fan. Under the lower base of shielding body 2 is a connecting rod mechanism connected via a lever to a cam mechanism which is driven by an electric motor. Springs are fixed to mounting racks 1.EFFECT: use of the invention will allow to conduct high-quality heat treatment of raw materials.1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to equipment for heat treatment of raw materials in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency and can be used in agriculture, for example, for heat treatment and disinfection of non-food waste of slaughter of animals, meat raw materials, feed grain, etc., both individually and in combination . It is possible to process stale and substandard grain, grain mix, cake, meal, etc.

Today, the implementation of advanced technological processes for processing agricultural products is of particular importance. products and more advanced technological means. The developed installation is designed to produce high-quality products as a result of exposure to an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field during the grinding of raw materials.

The main objective is to provide quality products and organize the production of fundamentally new types of products for animals, as well as the creation and implementation of modern highly efficient technological equipment, which, through the use of advanced microwave technology, increase productivity and contribute to the saving of raw materials and material resources.

It is known that the technology for the production of combined feeds is a set of operations that make it possible to obtain a product for feeding animals and birds with predetermined parameters depending on the formulation from various raw materials that differ from each other in physicomechanical and dielectric properties. The main condition for the technology is to obtain high-quality products while observing all stages of the technological processes carried out by a system of interconnected machines and mechanisms [1, 2, 3].

Known microwave installation for disinfection of feed [4]. The installation contains a cylindrical shielding housing with a discharge chute and transverse waveguides, inside which a spherical resonator chamber is installed, where the emitter from the microwave generator is directed.

Known centrifugal installation for heat treatment of fat-containing raw materials in an electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency [5]. The installation comprises a shielding cylindrical body, a perforated disc-rotor, a receiving pipe; Microwave generator blocks, stationary and mobile perforated hemispheres; exhaust pipe. The installation implements mobile perforated spherical resonators in an annular waveguide of rectangular cross section.

A known installation for the separation of molten fat from fat-containing raw materials [6]. The installation contains many generators with one coaxial resonator and a conical radiation limiter. The process flow is ensured by a perforated drum with a rotor and auger. The crushed fat-containing bone is continuously loaded into a cylindrical perforated drum-resonator through an annular gap. Due to the centrifugal force, the molten fat and particles of a pulp of a certain size are squeezed out through the perforation in the drum and discarded onto the perforated walls of the rotor. The melted fat flows through the perforation of the rotor to the nozzle and is discharged. Shkvara pressed against the perforated surface of the rotor, moves upwards by turns of the screw and is dumped into a pocket. Generator blocks are located above the annular space with a shift of 120 degrees to ensure reliable operation in one coaxial resonator.

An object of the invention is to develop an installation using the energy of an electromagnetic field of an ultrahigh frequency, which ensures the intensification of the heat treatment and disinfection of raw materials during the grinding process.

EFFECT: microwave installation for heat treatment of raw materials during grinding is characterized by

that a non-ferromagnetic cylinder made in the form of a grater and rigidly mounted on a disk is coaxially located in a cylindrical shielding housing fixed to the shock springs, forming a rotor rotating from an electric motor, the shaft of which is connected through a gear motor to a shaft located along the central axis of the non-ferromagnetic cylinder,

the lower end of the shaft passes through the central hole of the disk, and microwave generators and a receiving pipe are installed on the cover of the shielding case, and the discharge pipe, located on the side surface of the shielding case, is connected to the pneumatic conveyor with the unloading cyclone through an exhaust fan,

at the same time, a connecting rod mechanism is installed under the lower base of the shielding housing, which is connected via a lever to the cam mechanism, which is driven by an electric motor, and the damping springs are fixed to the mounting racks.

In FIG. 1 shows a spatial image of a microwave installation for heat treatment of raw materials in the grinding process (in the context):

1 - mounting rack;

2 - cylindrical shielding case;

3 - discharge pipe for connecting a pneumatic conveyor with a cyclone-unloader;

4 - non-ferromagnetic cylinder in the form of a grater;

5 - a shaft for driving a non-ferromagnetic cylinder and disk (rotor);

6 - disk;

7 - microwave generators;

8 - pipe for receiving raw materials.

In FIG. 2 shows a spatial image of a microwave installation for heat treatment of raw materials in the grinding process (general view).

In FIG. 3. shows a spatial image of the shielding case without a cover on the mounting rack.

In FIG. 4 shows a spatial image of a non-ferromagnetic cylinder in the form of a grater on a disk.

In FIG. 5 shows a spatial image of the cover of the shielding case with a microwave generator and a pipe for receiving raw materials.

In FIG. 6 shows the installation of a shielding housing to a shock spring.

A microwave installation for heat treatment of raw materials in the grinding process (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) contains:

mounting rack 1; cylindrical shielding housing 2; pipe 3 for unloading the product using a pneumatic conveyor with a cyclone-unloader; non-ferromagnetic cylinder in the form of a grater 4; shaft 5 for rotor drive (cylinder 4 with disk 6); disk 6; microwave generators 7; pipe for receiving raw materials 8.

Installation (Fig. 1) is a cylindrical shielding housing 2, inside of which is coaxially located non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4, made in the form of a grater. This non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4 is rigidly mounted on the disk 6, forming a rotor. Through the central hole of the disk 6 passes the lower end of the shaft 5 of square section. The shaft of the geared motor is connected to a shaft 5 located on the central axis of the non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4. The shaft 5 rotates on bearings in a sleeve rigidly mounted on the cover of the cylindrical shielding housing 2. The disk 6 with a grated non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4 (rotor) is rotated by an electric motor mounted to the mounting rack 1. The rotation of the shaft 5, therefore, of the rotor 4, 6 is transmitted from the electric motor through the gearbox and the sliding key located in the sleeve. The sleeve is rigidly mounted on the shaft with thread. The speed of rotation of the disk 6 is changed by changing the pulleys on the shaft of the electric motor and gearbox. The cylindrical shielding housing 2 is fixed to the damping springs. Microwave generators 7 and a receiving nozzle 8 are mounted on the cover of the shielding housing2. The emitters from the microwave generators are directed into a cylindrical resonator made in the form of a grater, which acts as a coaxial resonator due to the center shaft 7. The nozzle 3 for connecting the pneumatic conveyor to the unloading cyclone is located on the side surface of the shielding housing 1. Under the lower base of the shielding housing 2, a connecting rod mechanism is installed in the center, connected via a lever with a cam mechanism, to tory is a movement from the electric motor. Depreciation springs holding the cylindrical shielding housing 2 are fixed to the mounting posts 1 (Fig. 6).

The technological process of heat treatment of raw materials by the action of an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency in the process of grinding it is as follows.

The operational-technological scheme provides for:

reception of raw materials components such as: barley, peas, soybeans, protein raw materials, etc .; dosed supply of raw material components into a working chamber containing a grinding mechanism in the form of a grater cylinder made of non-ferromagnetic material; heat treatment and disinfection in an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field during grinding and mixing; pneumatic transportation of the finished product to the cyclone unloader.

Turn on the electric motor of the cam mechanism, which through the connecting rod mechanism provides vibration to the shielding housing 2 and this is facilitated by the shock absorbing springs fixed to the mounting posts 1 (Figs. 1, 2, 3). Turn on the electric drive to rotate the rotor using the shaft 5, mounted to the disk 6. Then feed the raw materials into the non-ferromagnetic cylinder 4 in the form of a grater (Fig. 4), acting as a coaxial resonator, through the receiving pipe 8 (transverse waveguide).

Turn on the microwave generators 7 (in Fig. 1, 2, only one microwave generator is indicated). Turn on the exhaust fan of the pneumatic conveyor to transport the finished product to the cyclone unloader. Raw materials during the rotation of the rotor (4,5) repeatedly hit the walls of the grater cylinder 4, crushed, endogenously heated and disinfected in the process of exposure to an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency.

The crushed raw material to a certain size passes through the side surface of the resonator 4, accumulates in a narrow annular space, from where it is transported through the discharge pipe 3 by an exhaust fan to a cyclone-unloader.

Moreover, the continuity of the process is ensured: with the maximum use of the properties of flowability and viscosity of raw materials; rational choice of plant performance depending on the properties of the components of the feed the percentage of components in accordance with the recipe.

The principle of operation of the pneumatic conveyor is as follows. The flexible sleeve is connected to the discharge pipe 3 (transverse waveguide), the pressure fan pumps air, after which the bulk material is sucked from the annular space between the shielding body 2 and the grater cylinder 4. By means of the vacuum created by the high-pressure fan air stream, the bulk material enters the suction cyclone pneumatic conveyor, where it gravitationally crumbles down. Regulation of the productivity of transportation of the bulk product is carried out by manipulating the shutter of the intake nozzle.

The duration of exposure to an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency on the raw material is regulated depending on the type of raw material. The use of this installation makes it possible to speed up the process of heat treatment of raw materials, reduce energy consumption, improve the quality of the product. When an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency acts on multicomponent raw materials, each elementary particle of the raw material is heated uniformly and selectively, depending on their dielectric parameters, which increases the quality of the product. With high electric field strength in the cavity, microorganisms are destroyed. Being in an electromagnetic field, multicomponent raw materials are heated to the optimum temperature, and microorganisms, which have a greater loss factor than raw materials, are heated to a lethal temperature and destroyed. This provides a complete disinfection of raw materials.

Microwave power is controlled using several microwave generators. The number of microwave generators affects the performance of the installation.

Information sources

1. Antipov, S.T. Machines and apparatuses for food production / S.T. Antipov and others; Textbook for high schools. Ed. V.A. Panfilova. - M.: Higher School, 2001.

2. Bredikhin, S.A. Technological equipment of meat processing plants / S.A. Antipov - M .: Kolos, 2000.

3. Demsky, A.B. Handbook of equipment for grain processing enterprises / A.B. Demsky et al. - M .: Kolos, 1970.

4. Patent No. 2535146 RF, IPC A23N 17/00. Microwave installation for disinfection of animal feed / G.L. Dolgov, M.V. Belova, T.V. Sharonova, G.V. Novikov; Applicant and patent holder of ChSHA (RU). - No. 2013121131/13; declared 05/07/2013. Bull. No. 34 dated 12/10/2014. - 8 p.

5. Patent No. 2581224 of the Russian Federation, IPC. C11B 1/12. Centrifugal installation for heat treatment of fat-containing raw materials in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency / O.V. Mikhailova, M.V. Belova, A.A. Belov, G.V. Novikova, I.G. Ershov; Applicant and patent holder MADI (RU). - No. 20144150840/20 (081472); declared 12/17/2014. Bull. No. 11 dated 04/20/2016. - 11 p.

6. Patent No. 2505355 of the Russian Federation, IPC C11B 1/12. Microwave installation for the separation of molten fat from fat-containing raw materials / M.V. Belova, A.A. Belov, G.V. Novikova, O.V. Mikhailova, I.G. Ershov; Applicant and patent holder of ANOVO ATU (RU). - No. 2015138179/13 (058546); declared 02/08/2015. Bull.№35 from 12.20.2016.

Claims (1)

A microwave installation for heat treatment of raw materials during the grinding process, characterized in that a non-ferromagnetic cylinder made in the form of a grater and rigidly mounted on a disk with the formation of a rotor rotating from an electric motor, the shaft of which is driven through a motor through a motor, is coaxially located in a cylindrical shielding housing attached to damping springs. the gearbox is connected to a shaft located on the central axis of the non-ferromagnetic cylinder, while the lower end of the shaft passes through the central hole of the disk, the screen is on the cover of the casing body, microwave generators and a receiving pipe are installed, and the discharge pipe, located on the side surface of the shielding case, is docked to the pneumatic conveyor with the unloading cyclone through the exhaust fan, in addition, a connecting rod mechanism is connected under the lower base of the shielding case, connected via a lever to the cam mechanism, which is driven by an electric motor, and the damping springs are fixed to the mounting racks.

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