RU2670337C2 - Track for the monorail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to monorail transport, in particular to its tracks. Monorail vehicle track comprises lower rolling planes with a relatively low friction coefficient for the support rollers and upper rolling planes with a relatively high friction coefficient located on the rigid U-shaped elements side surfaces for the side drive rollers. Track supporting base is made of at least one line of tubular sections, provided with a compression fitting and end fittings, which are plugging the ends and serially connected to each other by connecting couplings. Tubular sections are tied by tie bands, on which a guide beam and lower rolling planes are installed. Tie bands are connected to fastening columns by cables via actuators.EFFECT: as a result, one created a possibility of the track quick installation and dismantling directly to any type of soil without the construction of an expensive foundation, perform the track rapid monitoring and repair.8 cl, 9 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a monorail transport, in particular to a track for it.

State of the art

From the existing level of technology it is known collapsible coating of temporary sites in swamps (A.S. No. 443143, publ. 09/15/1974) [1], including prefabricated panels with a cable, and on the lower surface of each shield in its middle part is fixed elastic inflatable chamber. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the fragility of inflatable elastic chambers, low load capacity.

There is also a technical solution for the pontoon road (RF patent No. 2343244, from 2009-01-10) [2], including a pontoon with a support frame made of metal profiles, on which the attachment point of the crane is mounted, while the components of the pontoon are hollow and airtight characterized in that a platform for turning vehicles and a pontoon for their passage to land with a load is attached to the pontoon, while the pontoons and the platform have coupling earrings and bolts with a corrosion-resistant coating and the pontoon sections consist of seven polyethylene pipes, a hermetic the partially welded caps. This road is bulky and heavy construction and the speed of movement of vehicles on such a road can not be higher than 5 km per hour.

The closest to the claimed technical solution adopted for the prototype is (RF patent No. 2264316 from 11/20/2005) [3] including an elastic carrier tape fixed to the supports with stiffeners and has a pair of lower horizontal rolling planes with a relatively low adhesion coefficient for the support rollers and a pair of upper vertical rolling planes, with a relatively large coefficient of adhesion for the side drive rollers. The elastic support tape preliminarily curved and forming the shape of the arch in the profile is provided with periodically mounted transverse elements. The lower horizontal rolling planes are located on the rigid driving shelves attached to the carrier tape, and the upper vertical rolling planes are located on the lateral surfaces of the rigid U-shaped elements mounted on top of the carrier belt with the possibility of longitudinal displacement relative to it and sequentially fastened together. The disadvantage of this way is its large mass and the need for supports for its placement. In conditions of swamps and soft soils, the installation of such supports is an expensive and sometimes unrealistic task from a technical point of view. For example, in some parts of the terrain in Siberia, the depth of the swamps can reach 10 meters. [4] Consequently, the length of the piles should be around 20 meters. Given their number required for laying the road, the cost of construction will be very high and inappropriate.

Disclosure of invention

The technical problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the development of a track for a monorail vehicle, with cheap and quick possibility of placement on any type of soil without the construction of an expensive foundation (columns, embankments), which in turn significantly speeds up and reduces the cost of construction of such roads . The absence of the embankment, in turn, will allow preserving the ecology of the area where such roads are laid.

The technical result of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the inventive monorail running track is located on supporting pipe-shaped sections located directly on the ground and made of reinforced rubber, like automobile tires with muffled ends and sequentially fastened to each other by connecting couplings. Each of the sections is autonomous, and can also maintain the neighboring section in the working position if the compressor has failed.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved in that the running track for a monorail vehicle comprises lower rolling planes with a relatively low adhesion coefficient for the support rollers and upper rolling planes with a relatively large adhesion coefficient located on the side surfaces of the rigid U-shaped elements for side drive rollers, while the supporting base of the path is made of at least one line of tube-shaped sections equipped with a compression pipe and a torus with central nozzles that plug the ends and are sequentially fastened together, by connecting couplings, the tube-shaped sections are pulled together by coupling bands on which a guide beam and lower rolling planes are mounted, coupling bands are connected by cables through actuators with fixing columns. In addition, the walls of the tube-shaped section are made of radially and longitudinally reinforced rubber, the lower rolling planes are located on the outer walls of the tube-shaped section on both sides of the U-shaped element and are made of a rigid metal base, each of the sections is pneumatically connected through pipes to adjacent sections through end pneumatic valves. In the preferred embodiment: each of the sections is equipped with a power supply network or an autonomous power supply system, an air compressor, a controller, an air pressure sensor, force sensors located on the actuators, one from each of the sides of the section, connecting air operated valves with the controller connected to the control system road on a common bus, in the horizontal plane of the U-shaped element, there is a level sensor, the output of which is connected to the input of the controller.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that it is possible to quickly build and repair the track for a monorail vehicle in the conditions of marshy, weak and other unreliable soils.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device of the proposed roadway, consisting of one line of tube-shaped sections, the numbers indicated:

1 - tube-shaped section;

2 - soil;

3 - tie straps;

4 - cables;

5 - fixing screw piles;

6 - actuators;

7 - a guide beam of a U-shaped section for side drive rollers (wheels);

8 - side drive rollers;

9 - lower rolling planes;

10 - supporting wheels;

11 - vehicle (TS)

In FIG. 2 shows a section A view from above (without a vehicle), where the numbers indicate:

3 - tie straps;

4 - cables;

5 - fixing screw piles;

6 - actuators;

7 - a guide beam of a U-shaped section for side drive rollers (wheels);

9 - lower rolling planes with a relatively low coefficient of adhesion for the support rollers

12 - connecting sleeve.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the device of the proposed roadway, consisting of two lines of tube-shaped sections, where the numbers denote:

1 - tube-shaped section;

2 - soil;

3 - tie straps;

4 - cables;

5 - fixing screw piles;

6 - actuators;

7 - a guide beam of a U-shaped section for side drive rollers (wheels);

8 - side drive rollers (wheels);

9 - lower rolling planes;

10 - supporting wheels,

11 - vehicle (TS).

In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 shows a section of a section of the lower rolling planes 9 with a relatively low coefficient of adhesion for the support rollers 10. With stiffeners 13

In FIG. 6 shows a section of a section of an inflatable tube-shaped section 1 with a plugged end, where the numbers indicate:

1 - tube-shaped section;

3 - tie straps;

7 - a guide beam of a U-shaped section for side drive rollers;

12 - connecting sleeve;

14 - rubber gasket for connecting couplings 12;

15 - rubber gasket for connecting the guide beams of the U-shaped section 7 for the side drive rollers 8;

16 - pipe for end pneumatic valve.

In FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a beveled rubber pad 14 for connecting couplings 12 if a change in direction is necessary.

In FIG. 8 shows a cross section of a beveled rubber strip 15 for connecting the guide beams of the U-shaped section 7 for the side drive rollers (wheels) 8 if it is necessary to change the direction of the track being laid.

In FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of the control of inflatable sections of the track, where the numbers indicate:

17 and 18 - end pneumatic valves;

19 - controller;

20 - pressure sensor in section 1;

21 - level sensor section 1;

22 and 23 - force sensors of the actuators 6 are in one housing (not shown in the drawings);

24 and 25 - actuators actuators 6 are in the same housing (not shown in the drawings);

26 - emergency compressor;

27 is a path management system.

The implementation of the invention

The pontoon-type running track for a monorail vehicle (using the example of a single-section track of Fig. 1) includes: a pipe-shaped section with closed ends 1 made of reinforced rubber and located on the ground 2; several tie tapes 3, covering the section around the perimeter. On top of the steel strips 3 there is a U-shaped guide beam 7 for the side drive rollers (wheels) 8 and a pair of lower rolling planes 9 for the support wheels (rollers), the ends of the sections are connected by couplings 12 through the rubber gasket 14 of FIG. 6.

Section 1 is located directly on the ground 2, cleaned of foreign objects (stones, branches, etc.) with the help of tie-rods 3, tightened by bolts (not shown in the drawings), covering the inflatable sections around the perimeter, section 1 itself is held on soil 2 using tensioned cables 4, one side fixed with a rigging (not shown) to the sides of section 1 through a tie strap 3, and the other to a fixing screw pile 5 with a rigging (not shown)

The force of the cables 4 and their length is regulated using actuators 6 of FIG. 1, FIG. 3.

Coupling steel tape 3, made of metal, a width of 100 to 400 mm and a thickness of 4 to 9 mm. Depending on the length of the section, they can be from 3, with a 3-meter section, to 13 for a 12-meter section. A guide beam 7 of a U-shaped section for side drive rollers 8 and lower rolling planes 9 located on the outer walls of the tube-shaped section 1 on both sides of the U-shaped beam 7 and made to the tie rod 3 on the welding joint (not shown) are fastened from hard metal base. These elements 9 serve as a support for the support wheels 10 of the vehicle 11 of FIG. 1, FIG. 3.

The tightening couplings 12, the guide beam of the U-shaped section 7 and two sections of the lower rolling planes 9 are bolted to adjacent sections through rubber gaskets 14 and 15 of FIG. 6. If necessary, change the angle of joining of adjacent sections conical rubber gaskets are used, see. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, and thus it is possible to change the direction of the path, both in horizontal and vertical planes, depending on the terrain requirement.

The tube-shaped section 1 is made of radially and longitudinally reinforced rubber, such as car tires or plastic with muffled ends and sequentially fastened to each other by connecting couplings 12 by means of bolted connections (not shown in the drawings). The end of section 1 is made with a thickening around the perimeter to hold the coupling 12, FIG. 2 and FIG. 6. In the center of the end muffled part of section 1, a nozzle 16 of FIG. 6 for the end pneumatic valve 17. Two pneumatic valves 17 and 18 are installed at both ends of the section (not shown in FIG. 6, included as functional objects in the structural diagram of FIG. 9)

Each section 1, depending on the feasibility, can be equipped with either an autonomous power supply system (not shown in the drawings), based on a solar panel and a battery, a wind generator, or an external power supply network (not shown in the drawings). Also in each of the sections, FIG. 9 Controller 19, pressure sensor 20, level sensor 21, actuator force sensors 22, 23, actuator actuators 24, 25, emergency compressor 26, end pneumatic valves 17, 18. Controllers 19 of each section 1 of the entire path are connected to the control system via a common bus paths 27 of FIG. 9. The primary pumping of air is carried out through the compression pipe (not shown) of the emergency compressor 26.

Each pneumatic valve 17 and 18 through the nozzles 16 is connected to two sections 1, which makes it possible, if necessary, bypassing air from neighboring sections. The number of sections required for air bypassing is determined by the controller 19 using a pressure sensor 20. For significant air leaks, the controller 19 sends a signal to the control system 27 and does not include air bypassing from other sections in view of the senselessness, and submits an application for repair work and calling the emergency team .

The system operates as follows. When laying the track, primary air is pumped through the compression pipe (not shown in the drawings) to the required pressure (1 atm.) By a large construction compressor. After that, the construction compressor is disconnected from this branch pipe and the compressor 26 is connected. Using the tension cables 4, the level is set, for which the level sensor 21 is used. Each of the sections 1 has a pneumatic connection through the pipes 16 to adjacent sections through the end pneumatic valves 17 and 18. This makes it possible to provide assistance in case of air leakage from sections 1, if the compressor 26 can not cope. If the pressure in the section drops, the controller 19 reports this to the control system and starts the compressor 26. If necessary, connects adjacent sections of the path through the air valves 17 and 18 due to the fact that each of the end air valves through a separate tube (in the drawings shown) is pneumatically connected to a neighboring section and thus provide "neighborly assistance" if necessary. The compressor is connected to the section through a separate pipe (not shown in the drawings) and is placed on a separate platform (not shown in the drawings), mounted on a connecting tape in the lower part of the section.

As a result of the operation of the track, the soil may sag, and the cables may weaken, the level of the track will vary. In order to prevent this from happening, the level sensor 21 is used, with the help of actuators 24 and 25 of actuators 6, the controller achieves the desired position of the section by changing the length of the cables and provides the necessary operational tension of the cables 4.

The length of the fixing screw pile 5 [5] is selected based on the category of swamp or soil. Installation of such piles 5 is not difficult and can be installed manually with one or two workers. Since the cable 4 is attached to the longitudinal line of the mounting pile 5 close to the right angle, this ensures that the latter cannot be pulled out from the ground in the working range of the cable tension forces (from 10,000 to 20,000 N).

The length of section 1 can be adopted taking into account the type of terrain and state standard specifications for rolled metal products, for example, a multiple of 3 meters. T e 3 meters, 6 meters, 9 meters or 12 meters. With a minimum section length of 3 meters, it is possible to replace it with 2-3 workers without using special crane equipment, which is difficult or impossible in conditions of swamps.

The diameter of section 1 is determined by the required carrying capacity of the track. According to preliminary calculations, with a section diameter of 1.5 meters and a two-tube path, vehicles with a total weight of up to 8 tons are possible. Naturally, during the construction of routes it is necessary to periodically arrange passages under them about 2 meters high for the passage and migration of wild animals. Due to the use of the local terrain for arranging walkways - small gullies, deepening this will not complicate the construction of the track. You can also use 4-5 meters long log flooring to create walkways. The path will pass along the top of the floor, and the passage itself may pass under the floor. Material for such flooring in Siberia, as a rule, is publicly available. And its fragility is compensated by the temporality of the path. When laying more permanent paths, of course, it is necessary to use more durable material.

I would like to reflect that with a section height of 1.5 meters or more, drifts are practically not afraid of such a route, which greatly simplifies its functioning in the north. And the presence of upper rolling planes with a relatively large coefficient of adhesion located on the lateral surfaces of the rigid elements of the U-shaped section 7 for the side drive rollers (wheels) 8 makes this path not afraid of precipitation and icing, as well as large angles of the longitudinal inclination of the path when laying cross country.

During the repair of the track, the replacement of section 1 is carried out in the following sequence: the pressure in section 1 is relieved by undocking the pipe (not shown in the drawings) from the outlet of the compressor 26, the tension cables 4 are disconnected, the bolts (not shown) are loosened, the connecting flanges 12 are untwisted, untwisted bolted connections (not shown in the drawings) - a guide beam of a U-shaped section 7 and two sections of the lower rolling planes 9; the connecting pipes 15 on the end pneumatic valves 27 and 28 are disconnected and the entire section 1 is removed. In its place, the other section is installed in the reverse order.

At the cost of the road. At Russian prices, the cost of 1 km of land broadband asphalt road ranges from 510 to 960 million rubles. On the central television channels of Russia in the print media (MK for June 30 - July 7, 2010), the figure was $ 17 million, and in AIF even more - $ 32 million (No. 28, 2010) per 1 km highways.

The cost of an ordinary two-lane asphalt road is in the range of 80-100 million rubles per 1 km.

Consequently, the minimum price of 1 meter of track is 80,000 rubles, or per 6 meters (it is proposed that the section length of the proposed track will be just that for reasons of transportation standards) will be in the region of 500,000 rubles.

The cost of the proposed path (6-meter section) with the diameter of the supporting inflatable tube = 4 meters will consist of the following components:

Material of an inflatable tube 11 * 2 * 3.14 * 2 * 1000 p = 138,000 rubles

Compressor 1 pc. = 5000 rubles

Controller = 500 rubles

Tire = 100 rubles

Power wire = 100 rubles.

Solar panel + battery (at 35 watts) = 2400 + 2100 = 4500 rubles

Metal on a U-shaped beam and metal lower pads for support rollers = 12,000 rubles

Coupling - 6000 rubles

Level sensor = 500 rubles

Pressure sensors = 300 rubles

Pneumatic valve 2 pcs = 2000 rubles

Actuators 2 pcs. = 12,000 rubles.

Screw piles 2 pcs. = 4000 rubles

Total 185,000 rubles. This is 6 meters away. On one linear meter of a way around 30000 rubles. This is for one lane, and with two lanes the price will be half as much as an asphalt two-lane road. At the same time, the price will be further reduced due to the possibility of working common equipment (actuators, controllers, screw piles, etc.) immediately on a double path.

Under normal operating conditions, compressors will occasionally operate on a swap, similar to car tires.

Of course, such a path is afraid of vandalism - shooting hunters and other things - but this is compensated by the possible speed of construction and environmental safety and is indispensable for temporary roads in swamps and permafrost.

The pressure in the section is not more than 1 atm. Even at such pressures, 1 sq. The meter of the section area is capable of holding up to 10 tons of load.

Positive buoyancy of 1 meter of track within 12000 kg. This means that in the water a 6-meter section is capable of holding about 70 tons of cargo. When laying in weak swamps, where the load per square meter is reduced to 500 kg, the section is capable of carrying loads of up to 12 tons, which is comparable with most medium-sized trucks and special equipment. If necessary, increase this indicator, everything is decided by the diameter of the tube-shaped section and their number.

The very topic of laying paths in swamps always remains relevant in both civilian and military terms [6], [7]

Thus, the claimed invention solves the following main problems, namely: the claimed running track does not need supports that are difficult and expensive to install on problematic soils, the pneumatic viscous system supports the functioning of the system, in case of breakdowns and air leakage from the sections, a non-integral sectional assembly greatly simplifies and speeds up the repair of the track.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate for the invention "Collapsible coating of temporary sites in the swamps" No. 443143, published September 15, 1974

2. Patent of the Russian Federation for the invention "DEVICE OF PONTON ROAD", No. 2343244, published January 10, 2009

3. RF patent for the invention "RUNNING WAY FOR MONORELIAN VEHICLE", No. 2264316 dated November 20, 2005

4. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8Е%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA % D0% B8% D0% B5_% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B0

5. https://www.ostankino-svai.ru/ceny?yclid=313042936593910835

6.http: //www.yaplakal.com/forum2/topic1088534.html

7.http: //www.bibliotekar.ru/8-vyzhivanie-v-voynnyh-usloviyah/31.htm

Claims (8)

1. The track for a monorail vehicle, including lower rolling planes with a relatively low adhesion coefficient for the support rollers and upper rolling planes with a relatively large adhesion coefficient located on the side surfaces of the rigid U-shaped elements for the side drive rollers, characterized in that the base of the path is made of at least one line of tube-shaped sections equipped with a compression pipe and end pipes that plug the ends, and tionary fastened together couplings, pipe sections tightened clamping bands, which are installed on the guide girder and lower rolling plane tie ribbon cables are connected via actuators with mounting pillars. 2. The running track for the monorail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls of the tube-shaped section are made of radially and longitudinally reinforced rubber. 3. The running track for the monorail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the sections is equipped with a power supply network, an air compressor, a controller, an air pressure sensor, force sensors located on the actuators, one on each of the sides of the section, connecting air controlled valves. 4. The running track for the monorail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the controller is connected to the road control system via a common bus. 5. The running path for the monorail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that in the horizontal plane of the U-shaped element there is a level sensor, the output of which is connected to the controller input. 6. The running track for the monorail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower rolling planes are located on the outer walls of the tube-shaped section on both sides of the U-shaped element and have a rigid metal base. 7. The track for a monorail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the sections is pneumatically connected through nozzles to adjacent sections through end pneumatic valves. 8. The running track for the monorail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that each section is equipped with an autonomous power supply system.

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