RU2662169C1 - Method of cleaning bee honeycombs from contamination - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to beekeeping, and can be used in the technology of cleaning bee honeycombs. Method of cleaning bee honeycombs from contamination involves scarifying the surface layer of honeycomb cells, carried out by rolling them on both sides alternately with a needle roller, and affecting the honeycomb with vibrations. Primary treatment of honeycombs is carried out by soaking bee honeycombs in a bath of water at a temperature of 15–25 °C for 2–4 hours, and repeated – by soaking bee honeycombs in a bath of water at a temperature of 15–25 °C for 1–2 hours. After holding the honeycomb in the bath with water, the vibration is effected on the honeycomb in water at a frequency of 45–60 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5–2 mm for 60 to 120 seconds.

EFFECT: invention provides a purified wax raw material with a preserved geometric shape of the cells of the honeycombs, whereby it is possible to reuse it in beekeeping.

1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to beekeeping, and can be used in the technology of cleaning bee honeycombs.

There is a method of extracting bee bread from honeycomb honeycombs, including scarification of the surface layer of honeycomb, its convective drying, cooling and pneumatic separation (RF Patent No. 2297763, IPC АКК 59/00, 2005, published on April 27, 2007. Bull. No. 12).

The disadvantage of this method is the destruction of the wax base of bee honeycombs, which makes them unsuitable for further use, the high energy consumption of the process of convective drying of honeycombs and significant labor costs when performing a large number of technological operations.

A known method of cleaning bee honeycombs, including scarification of the surface layer of honeycomb cells, the impact on the honeycomb vibration with a frequency of 1200-1300 Hz and an amplitude of 2-2.5 mm for 3-5 minutes. The initial cleaning of the honeycomb wax cells from contamination is carried out under the influence of vibration, followed by treating the honeycomb with water vapor for 3-5 minutes to a temperature of 45-50 ° C and repeated exposure to vibration (RF Patent No. 2483812, IPC A01K 59/00, 2011, publ. 06/10/2013 Bull. No. 16).

The known method for cleaning bee honeycombs has the following disadvantages. A significant amount of bee bread remains in the cells of purified bee honeycombs (Kashirin D.E. Method and device for extracting bee honey / D.E. Kashirin // Bulletin of the Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov. - 2010. - No. 5. - P. 34-36).

A large number of honeycombs are destroyed, as the wax base softens. This makes sotoramki unsuitable for reuse (Byshov N.V. Study of separation of bee bread from wax particles / N.V. Byshov, D.E. Kashirin // Technique in agriculture. - 2013. - No. 1. - P. 26- 27).

The objective of the invention is the need for complete cleaning of bee honeycombs from contaminants, damaged bee bread, as well as maintaining the geometric shape (structure) of honeycomb cells.

The technical result consists in the fact that the honeycomb is moistened, the moistening time is reduced due to the scarification of the honeycomb with a needle roller, and the removal of contaminants from the cells is carried out by washing with a stream of water created by vibration.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a method for cleaning bee honeycombs from contaminants, including scarification of the surface layer of bee honeycombs by rolling them on both sides with an acrylic roller, exposure of the honeycombs with vibration, primary processing of honeycombs is carried out by soaking the honeycombs in a bath with water at at a temperature of 15-25 ° C for 2-4 hours, and a second one by soaking the honeycombs in a bath with water at a temperature of 15-25 ° C for 1-2 hours, and after aging the honeycombs in a bath with water Cleaning is carried out by exposure to bee honeycombs in water with a frequency of 45-60 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5-2 mm for 60 to 120 seconds.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive method of cleaning bee honeycombs from pollution meets the criterion of "novelty", as it has significant differences from the prototype.

1. The primary processing of honeycombs is carried out by aging the bee honeycombs in a bath of water at a temperature of 15-25 ° C for 2-4 hours, and the second by aging the honeycombs in a bath of water at a temperature of 15-25 ° C for 1- 2 hours.

2. After repeated exposure of bee honeycombs in a bath of water, they are cleaned by vibration on a bee honeycomb in water with a frequency of 45-60 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5-2 mm for 60 to 120 seconds.

In order to ensure the process of scarification to great depths, bee honeycombs are soaked in water at a temperature of 15-25 ° C for a period of 2 to 4 hours. After the initial soaking, the honeycombs are scarified by rolling on both sides with a needle roller, which acts directly on the impurities without destroying the wax base. Scarification is carried out with needles with a diameter of 1.5-2 mm, which were introduced into the cells to a depth equal to half the average length of the bead granules - 3.5-5 mm (Larin A.V. abstract of thesis for the degree of candidate of scientific sciences: 05.20.01 / Larin Alexander Vasilievich: Ryazan State Agricultural Academy named after P.A. Kostychev - Ryazan, 2007. - 173 p.). As a result of scarification, channels are formed inside the granules through which water enters upon repeated soaking. The humidity of the damaged bee bread increases, which leads to an acceleration of the process of dissolving the bee bread in water (Byshov N.V., Kashirin D.E., Kharitonova M.N. Study of the hygroscopic properties of bee bread. // Vestnik KrasGAU. No. 2, 2013. P. 122 -124).

Removing contaminants in the form of spoiled bee bread is performed by vibration of honeycombs in water. Under the influence of vibration, contaminants and other impurities that were affected by the needle roller during rolling are removed from the wax cells.

The claimed method for cleaning bee honeycombs is as follows.

Example. Rejected by the beekeeper, heavily contaminated with pork, cocoons, remaining in the cells of the honeycomb after brood withdrawal, the honeycombs are placed in water for 3-4 hours, the temperature of which is 15-25 ° C. In the process of soaking, the end surface of the beads granules begins to soak to a depth of 2-3 mm. The honeycombs thus prepared are removed from the water and the surface layer of the honeycomb cells is scarified with a needle roller for scarification. Scarification is carried out alternately from two sides along the long side of the honeycomb. Since the end surface of the granules is moistened, its strength is significantly reduced. The needles penetrate to a much greater depth (3.5-5 mm) than with the scarification of low humidity beef. Bee honeycombs treated in this way are re-soaked. To do this, they are placed in water, the temperature of which is 15-25 ° C, for 1-2 hours. Due to the holes formed in the pellets of the bee bread, water penetrates the entire volume of the pellet, and its moisture content rapidly increases. After re-soaking, the cells are fixed in the working bodies of the vibration unit and act on the honeycomb and the water in which it is located by vibration with a frequency of 45-60 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5-2 mm for 60 to 120 seconds. Under the influence of vibration, the water washes out a highly moistened bee. After exposure to vibration, the photo frames are removed from the water and dried. As a result of the hydro-vibration effect, contaminants and other impurities are almost completely removed from the wax cells of the honeycombs.

The honeycomb is cleaned of spoiled bee bread and organic impurities contained in the honeycomb wax cells due to the fact that the action of vibration on the pre-moistened bee bread leads to its dissolution and transition to water.

Not reaching an acceptable result of the purity of bee honeycombs, the cleaning process can be repeated if necessary 2-4 times.

This method of cleaning honeycombs allows you to get purified wax raw materials, which significantly increases the yield of wax during its further processing, and also allows you to reuse part of honeycombs in beekeeping.

Claims (1)

A method for cleaning bee honeycombs from contaminants, including scarification of the surface layer of bee honeycomb cells, carried out by rolling them on both sides with a needle roller, vibrating the bee honeycombs, characterized in that the honeycombs are first treated by soaking the honeycombs in a bath of water at a temperature 15-25 ° C for 2-4 hours, and the second - by soaking the honeycombs in a bath of water at a temperature of 15-25 ° C for 1-2 hours, and after exposure of the honeycombs in a bath of water, clean zdeystviem vibration on a honeycomb in water at a frequency of 45-60 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5-2 mm for 60 to 120 s.