JP2002315499A - Method and apparatus, for separating and recovering cartilage of ray - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for efficiently separating the cartilage of a ray so that the cartilage of a ray can be used effectively as a raw material of biologically active substances. SOLUTION: The cartilage-containing parts of fish body of a ray are heated to thermally denature the fish meat, and the treated fish body parts are charged into a rotary dram having a rotation axis and furnished with a container wall having percolating fine holes and a nozzle for ejecting water against the wall of the container. The fish body parts are crushed into pieces having sizes able to pass through the percolating fine holes by the rotary power of the rotary dram, the frictional powers caused between fish bodies or between fish body and the rotary container, and the water pressure caused by the ejection from the nozzle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating and recovering cartilage of stingrays belonging to elasmobranch fish. More specifically, cartilage of rays, which occupy about 15% of the mass of fish, but have been discarded without being used effectively, can be used as a raw material for bioactive substances such as mucopolysaccharides (such as chondroitin sulfate). The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating and recovering ray cartilage for use as a material.

[0002]

[Prior art and its problems] According to the annual statistics on fisheries and aquaculture production by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the catch of rays belonging to stilettobranchs (common name: Kasuba) exceeds 4,000 tons nationwide. Half are caught offshore in Hokkaido. Rays have a large proportion of cartilage in the fish, and only fins of the fish can be used for food, so that they have not been used sufficiently effectively including food.

[0003] The cartilage of elasmobranch fish contains a large amount of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides), which are physiologically active substances. Active substances are used as food additives, health foods and the like.

[0004] Rays belonging to the same elasmobranch as sharks have a large amount of cartilage, and the cartilage also contains about 5% of a glycosaminoglycan (mucopolysaccharide), which is a physiologically active substance. However, the cartilage of rays is difficult to efficiently separate and collect from fish due to its complex structure and low strength. Until now, it has been used as an organic fertilizer at best with non-edible parts such as internal organs. However, the fact is that it is substantially disposed of. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for efficiently separating and recovering only cartilage from a fish body of rays.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have found that cartilage-attached fish meat (cartilage covered with muscle protein) from which the internal organs of the edible portion and the non-edible portion have been removed. Is processed under such conditions that the cartilage is not destroyed after thermal denaturation, but the fish meat (muscle protein) is separated from the cartilage, and the peeled fish meat is formed into fine strips, which are continuously removed. This has solved the problem. That is, the present invention provides the following method and apparatus for separating cartilage of rays.

[0006] 1. After rotating the cartilage fish body of rays and heat-metamorphizing the fish meat, a rotating shaft equipped with a container wall having a large number of through holes almost uniformly over the entire surface and a nozzle for spraying water toward the container wall Fish meat pieces having a size that passes through the through-hole through the fish meat portion due to the rotating force of the rotating drum, the frictional force between the fish or between the fish and the rotating container, and the water pressure injected from the nozzle. And removing the cartilage from the container through the through-hole. 2. The size (average diameter) of the through hole in the container wall is 4 mm to 15
mm, the ratio (area ratio) of the through hole to the container wall is 30 to
2. The method for separating and collecting stingray cartilage according to the above item 1, wherein a 70% rotary drum is used. 3. 2. The method for separating and collecting ray cartilage according to the above item 1, wherein water is jetted from a nozzle provided on a rotating shaft at an angle facing the cartilage-attached fish in the drum which is biased by rotation. 4. 2. The method for separating and collecting stingrays according to the above item 1, wherein water is injected from the outside toward the container wall of the rotating drum to prevent clogging of the through-hole. 5. Fish inlet with openable lid, average diameter 4mm
A container wall having a large number of through-holes having an area ratio of 30 to 70% and having an area ratio of 30 to 70%, and a rotating drum having a rotating shaft having a plurality of nozzles for spraying water toward the container wall; Due to the rotation of the drum, the frictional force between the fish bodies in the container or between the fish body and the rotating container, and the water pressure injected from the nozzle, the fish meat portion is removed out of the container through the through hole as a fish meat piece sized through the through hole. Device for separating and collecting cartilage. 6. Item 6. The apparatus for separating and collecting stingrays according to the above item 5, wherein the water injection nozzle is provided at an angle at which the water is sprayed toward the cartilage-attached fishes in the drum which is biased by rotation. 7. 7. The apparatus for separating and recovering cartilage of the above-mentioned item 5 or 6, further comprising a water jetting unit for jetting water from outside the rotary drum toward the wall of the rotary drum container to prevent clogging of the through-hole.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The rays as raw materials for separating and recovering cartilage by the method of the present invention include, for example, giant rays, stingrays, stingrays, horned bees, sokoganyei, and ganguei. In the present invention, a cartilage-containing fish body from which edible parts (fin parts) and internal organs are removed from these rays is used as a raw material.

The method of heat-treating the raw fish as a pretreatment step in the method of separating and recovering cartilage of rays according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but an example of an apparatus for continuously treating fish is shown in FIGS. 3 is shown.

FIG. 1 shows a heat treatment drum (1) made of stainless steel, which has an openable and closable door (2) serving as a fish inlet, and preferably has a heat medium (hot water) all around.
There are provided a large number of through holes (3) through which the drum passes, and the entire drum has a structure that can be rotated by the power of a motor (not shown) via gears.

A raw fish body processed into an appropriate size is fed from a fish meat inlet of a heat treatment drum. Then, the drum (1) is suspended by the electric hoist (4) as shown in FIG. 2 and moved and accommodated in the heat treatment tank (5). Heat treatment is performed while rotating the drum.

After the heat treatment, the heat treatment drum is moved to the upper portion of the drum support (7) as shown in the side sectional view of FIG.
After fixing to the cradle with the opening (2) facing down, the door is opened and the heat-treated fish is transferred to the cartilage separation drum (8).

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an example of a cartilage separation / recovery device (10) of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a rotating drum for cartilage separation processing with a door of a fish input port removed. is there. The cartilage separation drum (8) is entirely made of stainless steel, has a slide-type openable and closable lid (11) serving as a raw material fish inlet, and comprises a tubular body (12) through which water passes. A drum that rotates around a central axis. On the entire surface of the drum container wall (13) including the lid, the average diameter through which the fish meat shredded after the processing passes is substantially uniform.
mm to 15 mm, preferably 7 to 12 mm, more preferably 8 to 10 mm through hole (13a; see a partially enlarged view)
Has been worn many. If the size of the through hole is less than 4 mm, it is difficult to discharge fish pieces to the outside of the rotating drum.

The ratio of the through hole to the container wall (area ratio)
Is preferable as long as the strength of the container is maintained. For example, in the case of a rotating drum made of stainless steel having a thickness of 2 mm, the area ratio is 30 to 70%, preferably 5 to 70%.
It is about 0 to 60%.

As shown in the side sectional views of FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of nozzles (12)
a) is an angle at which water is sprayed toward the cartilage-attached fish in the drum that is biased by rotation (0 to 45 degrees, preferably about 30 degrees on the rotation direction side with respect to a vertical line passing through the rotation axis). When the drum rotates, water is sprayed from the nozzle toward the processing object in the container. The injection water pressure is a pressure at which the heat-denatured protein quickly exfoliates from the cartilage and is not broken down to a size that allows the cartilage to pass through the through-hole.
1.51.5 kgf / cm ² (gauge pressure). Normally, the water pressure of the water supply is sufficient, but pressure may be applied if necessary.

The fish meat is peeled off from the cartilage by the rotational force of the drum, the fish with cartilage or the frictional force between the fish body and the rotating container, and the water pressure injected from the nozzle, and the fish meat is cut into small pieces having a size that passes through the through hole. The water is drained out of the container through the pores in the wall. During this processing, fish meat and cartilage may be clogged in the through holes of the rotating drum, and the elimination efficiency may decrease. Then, in order to release the clogging, water is sprayed from outside the drum onto the drum wall by the water injection means 14. As the water injection means, for example, a tubular body provided with a plurality of holes in a water pipe so as to face the drum can be used. As for this water pressure, the water pressure of normal water supply is enough,
Pressure may be applied if necessary.

According to the method of the present invention, the time required for separating the modified fish meat from the cartilage is approximately 15 times per batch.
~ 20 minutes. After the processing, the cartilage remaining in the drum is collected and stored frozen as a secondary processing raw material for a physiologically active substance.

[0017]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to test examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following description.

Test Examples 1 to 4: Fins and internal organs were removed, and frozen fish preserved with cartilage were heat-treated with the apparatus shown in FIGS. Four kinds of test rotating drums (diameter: 45 cm, length: 4) made of a stainless steel material having a thickness of about 1.5 mm and having different hole diameters and pitches as shown in Table 1.
5cm), and heat-treated cartilage-attached raw fish (10.0kg) are charged, and the rotation speed of the drum is set to 40.0rpm.
m, the water pressure of the jet water inside the drum is set to 1.0 kgf / cm ² (9.
8 × 10 ⁴ Pa) and the water pressure of the jet water outside the drum is 0.5
kgf / cm ² (4.9 × 10 ⁴ Pa)
Separation treatment was performed for minutes. After the separation treatment, the weight of the residue remaining in the rotating drum was measured, and the degree of washing of the cartilage was visually evaluated in three stages of A to C shown below. The separation test was performed five times for each drum, and the average value of the residual weight and the degree of cleaning was shown in Table 1, and the relationship between the residual weight and the hole diameter of the drum was shown in FIG.

A: A state where fish meat is almost completely removed. B: A state where fish meat remains about 10 to 50% with respect to cartilage. C: A state where fish meat remains about 50 to 100% with respect to cartilage. Separation treatment Previously, since fish meat was present in a cartilage in a wet weight ratio of 800% or more, considerable fish meat was also removed in the evaluation of C.

[0020]

[Table 1]

FIG. 7 shows a correlation that the residual weight decreases as the pore diameter increases (regression curve: y = 0.0225 × ^2).
−0.56 × + 5.635, correlation coefficient: 0.9914). The decrease in the residual weight was mainly due to the muscle tissue being discharged out of the drum, and the degree of washing improved with an increase in the hole diameter of the rotating drum.
When the pore size was 8.0 mm or more, the degree of washing of the cartilage was high (A), and good separation performance was exhibited (Test Examples 3 and 4). Further, even when the hole diameter is 4 to 6 mm (Test Examples 1 to 5).
2) It shows relatively good separation performance, and it is possible to improve the degree of washing by extending the separation processing time. In an example in which the hole diameter was increased to 10 mm (Test Example 4), cartilage was partially mixed with fish meat outside the drum, and the yield was reduced.

The surface area of the cylindrical portion of the rotary drum (0.63
59m ² ) and the total area (opening area) of the holes drilled on the cylindrical part

The opening area ratio (%) = opening area (m ² ) /0.6359 (m ² ) × 100 (1) The opening area ratio was calculated. The ratio of the opening area shows a correlation with the degree of washing. When the ratio of the opening area is increased, the muscle tissue and the like can be effectively released to the outside of the drum, and the separation processing time can be shortened.

From the above results, in order to obtain a good separation performance with a high yield and a high degree of cleaning, it is preferable that the hole diameter of the rotating drum is in the range of 4 mm to 15 mm, and in particular, 6 to 15 mm.
More preferably, it is 10 mm. The opening area ratio is not limited as long as it is 30% or more, but is preferably 55% or more for efficient separation in a short time.

[0024]

As described above, according to the method for separating and collecting cartilage of stingrays of the present invention, the fish body containing cartilage of stingrays (head,
Cartilage can be efficiently separated and collected from the body and tail). The collected cartilage contains a large amount of a physiologically active substance such as glucosaminoglycan (mucopolysaccharide) and can be used as a raw material for medicines and health foods. The recovered fish meat can be used as a protein resource (for example, for fertilizer).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a heat treatment drum used in a pre-process of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the same heat treatment step.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a step of transferring a heat-treated fish from a heat treatment drum to a separation and collection drum.

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of an example of a cartilage separation and recovery device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a door of a fish input port of the cartilage separation processing rotary drum is removed.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a separation processing rotary drum used in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a correlation between a hole diameter of a rotary drum for separation processing and a residual weight.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat treatment drum 2 Openable / closable door 3 Through hole 4 Hoist 5 Heat treatment tank 6 Heat source 7 Drum support 8 Rotary drum for cartilage separation processing 10 Cartilage separation and recovery device 11 Lid 12 Tubular body 12a Nozzle 13 Drum container wall 13a Penetration Hole 14 External water injection means

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A container wall having a plurality of through holes substantially uniformly over the entire surface thereof after heating a cartilage fish body with rays and heat-metamorphizing the fish meat, and a nozzle for spraying water toward the container wall. Into a rotating drum having a rotating shaft equipped with a rotating shaft, the size of the fish meat part passing through the through hole by the rotating force of the rotating drum, the frictional force between fish or between the fish and the rotating container, and the water pressure injected from the nozzle. A method for separating and recovering cartilage from stingrays, wherein the fish pieces are removed from the container through the through holes. 2. The size (average diameter) of a through hole in a container wall is 4
The method for separating and recovering cartilage according to claim 1, wherein a rotating drum having a diameter (area ratio) of 30 to 70% with respect to the container wall of the through-hole is 30 to 70%. 3. The method for separating and recovering cartilage of claim 1, wherein water is jetted from a nozzle provided on a rotating shaft at an angle facing the cartilage-attached fish in the drum which is biased by rotation. 4. The method for separating and collecting cartilage of claim 1, wherein water is sprayed from the outside toward the container wall of the rotating drum to prevent clogging of the through-hole. 5. A fish inlet having an openable and closable lid, a container wall having an average diameter of 4 to 15 mm and a large number of through holes having an area ratio of 30 to 70% almost uniformly over the entire surface, and spraying water toward the container wall. A rotating shaft having a plurality of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles, the rotation of the rotating drum between the fish in the container or the frictional force between the fish and the rotating container, and the fish meat portion by the water pressure injected from the nozzle An apparatus for separating and collecting stingray cartilage which is removed as a fish meat piece having a size passing through the through hole and out of the container through the through hole. 6. The apparatus for separating and recovering cartilage of claim 5, wherein the water injection nozzle is provided at an angle at which water is sprayed toward the cartilage-attached fish in the drum which is biased by rotation. 7. The cartilage of claim 5 or 6, further comprising a water jetting means for jetting water from outside the rotary drum toward the wall of the rotary drum container to prevent clogging of the through hole. Separation and recovery equipment.