RU2660194C1 - Controlled wheeled loading and unloading system for the equipped with the cargo ramp transport aircrafts, and method of the oversize cargo loading-unloading to / from the transport aircrafts using the controlled wheeled loading and unloading system for the transport aircrafts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the lifting and transportation equipment. Controlled wheeled loading and unloading system for the equipped with a cargo ramp transport aircrafts, contains a set of not less than four controllable in height and movement direction wheel supports (1), equipped with controlled and uncontrolled wheel modules. System also contains the wheel module rotating mechanism, rocking arms, lifting levers, levers raising and lowering power drive, and the wheel support to the support frame (2) attachment assembly, at least two support frames (2), power supply system and control system. Support frames (2) represent a set of the standard cross-section metal beams (5) with possibility of mounting or dismounting under the cargo or from under the cargo with the help of the several people muscular strength.

EFFECT: invention allows to perform the cargo loading and unloading from the airplane without the use of additional lifting devices and reduces the number of operations during the cargo loading and unloading from airplane, reduces the loading and unloading operations labor intensity and duration.

6 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to lifting and handling equipment, in particular, to devices and methods for loading and unloading bulky goods and large masses from aircraft, and can be used in the air transport industry, shipbuilding and other fields of technology for loading and unloading mono cargoes in vehicles and their movement to cargo areas located above (below) the initial position of the cargo.

In a similar patent, a method for transporting, loading and unloading bulky goods into the cargo compartment of an airplane and a system for its implementation describes a system for transporting, loading and unloading bulky containers into the cargo compartment of an airplane containing a transport and handling unit and a system of roller beams mounted on the cargo floor and airplane stairs. The transport and handling unit includes a tractor and a semi-trailer with jacks, the platform of which is equipped with roller tracks for the entire length of the platform and fenders. Jacks allow you to lift the semi-trailer and put it on the same plane with the cargo compartment of the aircraft. In this case, the roller beams of the floor and the ramps of the aircraft, together with the roller tracks of the semitrailer, form a common roller track along which the load is loaded (rolled with a winch) into the cargo compartment of the aircraft. On the platform of the semi-trailer and the floor of the cargo compartment, fenders are installed to prevent lateral displacements of the load (see the link from the Internet http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/224/2248308.html).

In another analogue patent, a method for craneless unloading, transportation and transshipment of large-sized products and large masses from an airplane, and means for its implementation describes a means of craneless unloading from an airplane, transporting and transshipment of large-sized products and large masses containing a base, a loading platform, a drive, made in the form of two winches with a pulley system, a trailer containing a power mechanism for lifting and changing the height of the platform and extendable supports for its fixation, adjustable about the height of the stand screw, with fixed height pedestal tray for fixing the frame of the aircraft. The trailer platform and the front cargo gate elements of the aircraft are designed to be installed in the same plane as the cargo compartment of the aircraft and at an angle of inclination from 0 to 3 ° 30 'to the horizon (see the link from the Internet http://www.findpatent.ru/patent /218/2184052.html).

The disadvantages of analogues are:

- the need to strengthen the design of the trailer for the perception of significant off-design loads in the process of lifting the trailer with cargo on jacks or other power mechanisms during loading on an airplane;

- the need to install roller tracks on the entire length of the trailer platform before installing the load on it.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed solution, taken as a prototype, is a device for transporting and handling a cargo platform (see the link from the Internet http://www.google.com.ar/patents/US20070085288). This device includes a frame containing a support beam, which is a support for the cargo platform, a locking mechanism for securing the cargo platform to the support beam and a number of wheel assemblies that allow the device to be moved on the ground.

The technology for loading cargo onto an airplane using this device proposed in the prototype is as follows:

1. The cargo is delivered to the loading area by a ground vehicle (truck) equipped with a multi-lift (LHS) self-loading-unloading system, while the cargo is installed on a special cargo platform.

2. Using the truck’s self-loading system, the platform with the load is removed from the vehicle and mounted on the support beams of the transportation device and fixed on it using the fastening mechanism.

3. A means of transportation with a frame mounted on it is delivered to the cargo ramp of the aircraft.

4. Using the lifting and lowering mechanisms integrated in the wheel assemblies, the platform with the load at one end is lowered onto the surface of the cargo ramp of the aircraft, disengaged from attachment to the transport device and pulled into the cargo compartment of the aircraft using external forces (for example, using the aircraft’s loading winch) . In the process of moving the frame with the load into the cargo compartment of the aircraft, the wheel assemblies are removed from under it one at a time, as the load is removed from them and the weight of the load is transferred to the ramp and floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft.

The disadvantages of the invention - the device adopted for the prototype and loading technology with its use - are:

- the need to use means of ground transportation, equipped with a system of self-loading-unloading type "multilift";

- the presence of large tilt angles of the cargo in the process of reloading them from the cargo platform to the described device;

- the need for pre-installation of cargo on a special cargo platform and the inability to load cargo into an airplane without using this platform;

- the complexity and high complexity of the accurate installation of the platform with the load in the attachment mechanism to the support beam of the device for transporting and manipulating the load, occurring simultaneously with the removal of the platform with the load from the ground transportation means;

- the impossibility of rolling the device with cargo into the aircraft during loading due to significant specific pressures of the wheels of the device on the underlying surface, which can lead to breakdown of the ramp and / or floor structure of the cargo compartment of the aircraft with limited strength.

The technical result of the claimed group of inventions is the possibility of carrying out the removal of cargo of large dimensions and mass from the ground transportation means and loading them into the cargo compartment of the aircraft, as well as unloading them from the cargo compartment of the airplane and placing them on the ground transportation means without the use of additional lifting devices, such as: self-loading-unloading systems of land vehicles of the type "multielevator", cranes or other lifting devices, lack of lshih angles of inclination of the cargo during loading and unloading, no need for pre-installation on a special cargo loading platform, reducing the number of operations for loading and unloading cargo from the aircraft, reducing the complexity and time of loading and unloading.

The technical result achieved by the claimed group of inventions is realized by creating a controlled wheel loading and unloading complex for transport aircraft equipped with a cargo ramp, containing a set of at least four wheel supports with height and direction of travel, equipped with controlled and uncontrolled wheel modules, a turning mechanism of at least one wheel module, rocking chairs, lifting levers, power drive lifting and lowering the levers and the wheel mount mount ry to the support frame, at least two reference frames, power supply and control systems. In this case, the support frames are a set of metal beams of standard section and can be mounted / dismantled under / from under the load with the help of only the muscular strength of several people.

Moreover, the design of the attachment points of the wheel supports to the support frames provides the possibility of connecting the wheel supports and support frames prior to the removal of the load from the ground transportation means.

Moreover, the remote control system allows you to adjust the position of the cargo in the process of removing the cargo from the ground transportation means and rolling it into the plane, as well as in the process of rolling out the complex with the cargo from the plane and installing it on the ground transportation means.

At the same time, the wheel modules, due to the presence of three or more wheels on one axis, provide low specific pressure values on the underlying surface by distributing the load over a large area, which allows rolling the complex with cargo along the ramp and floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft.

A method for loading and unloading bulky goods to / from transport planes using a controlled wheeled loading and unloading complex for transport planes, including installation operations between the ground transportation means and the load of the support frames, the fastening of the controlled wheel supports to the ends of the support frames, the installation of power supply and remote control systems , lifting the cargo above the cargo platform of the means of ground transportation, rolling the cargo on a controlled wheeled loading and unloading complex ce in the cargo compartment of the aircraft with the adjustment of the direction of movement of the cargo using the control system and the rotation mechanisms of the wheel modules and with the adjustment of the inclination of the cargo in the longitudinal and transverse planes with the help of the control system and the power drives for raising and lowering the lifting arms and lowering the load onto the cargo floor using the system control and power drives lifting and lowering the lifting levers. In this case, the supporting elements of the load - the supporting frames are mounted under the load directly at the place of loading, in preparation for loading.

Moreover, in the process of rolling into the aircraft, the cargo relies on a wheeled loading and unloading complex both in the process of moving along the surface of the airfield, and in the process of moving along the ramp and cargo floor of the aircraft.

The claimed group of inventions is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a steered wheeled loading and unloading complex.

In FIG. 2 shows a support frame.

In FIG. 3 shows a wheel support.

In FIG. 4 shows path control in the horizontal plane.

In FIG. 5 shows the longitudinal inclination of the load.

In FIG. 6 shows the control of the transverse inclination of the load.

The controlled wheel loading and unloading complex (Fig. 1) contains: a set of wheel supports (1) remotely controlled in height and direction of movement, two support frames (2), a system for remote control of wheel supports (3), an energy supply system (4), set of distribution bars (5).

The supporting frame (Fig. 2) consists of a set of steel beams of a standard profile, for example, an I-beam, square, rectangular section, etc.

Wheel support 1 (Fig. 3) consists of a mounting unit to the beams (6), an electric lift-lowering drive (7), two lifting levers (8), an uncontrolled wheel module (9), a controlled wheel module (10), an electric wheel turning drive (11), boxes of electrical units (12).

The control and synchronization system consists of a control panel and a command transmission system for raising and lowering the actuators of the wheel bearings and the rotation of the steered wheels. The executive elements that carry out the raising and lowering of the respective wheel bearings and the rotation of the steered wheels are electric drives of the "screw-nut" type. The drives are powered from an electric power generator or from an external power supply.

The method of loading (unloading) bulky goods in (from) a transport aircraft using a controlled wheeled loading and unloading complex is as follows.

Before loading, the aircraft is installed on the surface of the airfield in the loading position (with an open cargo hatch and an unfolded ramp). The cargo is delivered to the loading area by ground transportation, such as a trailer. A means of ground transportation with cargo is located in front of the cargo hatch along the axis of the aircraft.

The supporting frames are assembled and placed in niches under the load, in its front and rear parts. One wheel support is fixed to the left and right ends of each of the support frames. Installation and testing of the power supply system and the remote control system are carried out. The cargo is moored to the structural elements of the loading and unloading complex. Then a command is issued to raise the wheel supports and the cargo is lifted above the surface of the cargo platform of the ground transportation vehicle to a small height (50-100 mm) and the correct operation of all elements of the wheel loading and unloading complex is checked.

After that, the cargo is loaded onto the plane, while:

horizontal movement of the complex with the load is provided due to external forces (for example, an airplane loading winch);

control of the cargo path in the horizontal plane is carried out by the complex operator by controlling the rotation of the steered wheels of the wheel bearings (Fig. 4);

lifting / lowering the load is carried out by the operator of the complex by issuing a command to synchronously raise / lower all four wheel supports (Fig. 6);

control of the longitudinal inclination of the cargo is carried out by issuing commands for separate lifting (lowering) of the front and rear wheel supports (Fig. 6);

control of the transverse slope of the load is carried out by issuing commands for separate lifting (lowering) of the right and left wheel supports.

During loading, with the help of lifting-lowering and turning wheels of the loading complex, the position of the cargo is controlled and contact of the protruding parts of the cargo with the structural elements of the aircraft is prevented.

After seaming and placing the cargo in the cargo compartment in accordance with the loading plan, the cargo is lowered onto the floor of the cargo compartment or special distribution bars with the help of lifting and lowering wheels. Then the cargo is moored in the cargo compartment of the aircraft.

Unloading cargo from an airplane occurs in the reverse order.

The operation of the prototype proved the influence of a combination of essential features on the achieved technical result of the claimed group of the invention, which consists in the possibility of carrying out the removal of large loads and masses from ground transportation means and loading them into the cargo compartment of the aircraft, as well as unloading them from the cargo compartment of the aircraft and putting it on the vehicle ground transportation without the use of additional lifting devices, such as self-loading-unloading systems of ground transportation with multilift devices, cranes or other hoisting devices, the absence of large tilt angles of the cargo during loading and unloading, the absence of the need for preliminary installation of cargo on a special cargo platform, the reduction in the number of operations when loading and unloading cargo from an airplane, and the reduction in the complexity and time of loading unloading operations.

The claimed group of inventions is new, since the entire set of features is unknown from the prior art described in the corresponding section of the description.

The claimed group of technical solutions has an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from the prior art for a specialist.

The claimed group of inventions is industrially applicable to selected areas of technology.

Claims (6)

1. A controlled wheeled loading and unloading complex for transport aircraft equipped with a cargo ramp, comprising a set of at least four wheel supports, height and direction controlled, equipped with controlled and uncontrolled wheel modules, a turning mechanism of at least one wheel module, rockers, lifting arms , with a power drive for raising and lowering the levers and a unit for attaching the wheel support to the support frame, at least two support frames, an energy supply system and a control system, distinguishing by the fact that the support frame is a set of steel beams of the standard section and can be mounted / dismounted under / out of the load using only muscle power of several people. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the design of the attachment points of the wheel supports to the support frames provides the ability to connect the wheel supports and support frames prior to the removal of the load from the ground transportation means. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the remote control system allows you to adjust the position of the cargo in the process of removing the cargo from the ground transportation means and rolling it into the plane, as well as in the process of rolling out the complex with the cargo from the plane and installing it on the ground transportation. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that its wheel modules due to the presence of three or more wheels on one axis provide low values of specific pressure on the underlying surface by distributing the load over a large area, which allows rolling of the complex with a load on a ramp and the floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft. 5. A method for loading and unloading bulky goods to / from transport planes using a controlled wheeled loading and unloading complex for transport planes, including installation operations between the ground transportation means and the load of the support frames, fastening of the controlled wheel supports to the ends of the support frames, installation of energy supply systems and remote control, lifting the cargo above the cargo platform of the ground transportation means, rolling the cargo on a controlled wheeled loading and unloading set xe to the airplane’s cargo compartment with adjusting the direction of cargo movement using the control system and wheel module turning mechanisms and adjusting the inclination of the cargo in the longitudinal and transverse planes using the control system and power drives for lifting and lowering the lifting arms and lowering the load onto the cargo floor using the system control and power drives lifting and lowering the lifting levers, characterized in that the supporting elements of the load - the supporting frames are mounted under the load directly in the place of execution ogruzochnyh work in preparation for loading. 6. The method according to p. 5, characterized in that in the process of rolling into the aircraft, the cargo relies on a wheeled loading and unloading complex both in the process of moving along the surface of the airfield and in the process of moving along the ramp and cargo floor of the aircraft.

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