RU2658221C1 - Transmission of crawler vehicle with water propulsion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to crawler vehicles, in particular to amphibious light and middle class vehicles capable of traveling both overland and on water, specifically to all-terrain caterpillar vehicles transporting various technological equipment used, for example, in such sectors as the Ministry for Emergency Situations, forestry, geology, oil and gas and other areas of the national economy. Transmission includes engine (1), power take-off (2) that is mounted on the flywheel side of engine (1), providing a power to fire pump (5). Power take-off device (2) mounted on the clutch housing providing the power of hydraulic pump (6), power take-off (4) installed in the section of cardan gear (11) providing generator (7) with power. Proposed solution allows to significantly increase the free area for the placement of technological equipment by eliminating the need to install additional engines by installing a power take-off in the section of the cardan gear. Power take-offs can be made in various types, such as transfer boxes or gearboxes.

EFFECT: installation of power take-offs directly into the section of the cardan gear allows the power to provide various technological equipment that can be installed on the vehicle, which allows you to select power from one engine installed on the vehicle.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to caterpillar vehicles, in particular to light and middle class amphibious vehicles capable of traveling both by land and water, and more particularly to all-terrain tracked vehicles transporting various processing equipment used, for example, in such industries, like the Ministry of Emergencies, forest protection, geology, oil and gas and other areas of the national economy.

At present, machines of the MTLB, CHETRA, TTM-3902, TAIGA type, which can be equipped with any technological equipment, all have low speed when moving through water, approximately 3-6 km / h. In practice, such machines, as a rule, are not equipped with water jets (propellers). Given the fact that in the country the length of rivers exceeds the length of roads by approximately eight times, the use of these machines becomes inappropriate. Given that the speed of machines equipped with propellers is about 12-15 km / h, in practice the use of such machines is becoming increasingly important, especially when fighting forest fires.

In addition, almost all objects of the oil and gas complex are being built in areas with a large number of rivers and / or in the immediate vicinity of them, the use of rivers as transport routes for machines that can be equipped with various special equipment, such as drilling rigs, crane rigs, and installations for screwing piles excavator installations, economically viable. Excavation equipment mounted on the chassis of a floating conveyor is able to expand and deepen rivers for passage of water transport, to clear the bottom of items that are dangerous.

The installation of high-performance pumps on floating vehicles will help to solve problems in emergency situations, such as pumping water during floods and floods, evacuating people from flooded areas, fighting forest fires, which will require additional capacities for their operation.

The prior art multifunctional amphibian machine (patent EP 0325091 A1, publ. 07.26.1989), which contains a floating casing, two tracks on the sides of the casing with a double movement system for moving on land and on water, two hydraulic devices, a centrifugal pump, an engine for the movement of tracks, for the operation of hydraulic devices, a centrifugal pump and gearbox, a bridge part, a crane and at least one articulated lever. This machine can be equipped with various technological equipment: a cutting disc, a hoe, a hydraulic rotary cutter, a tower, a circular saw, a device for cleaning the banks and the bottom, buckets, a conveyor, a device for water purification, an electronic apparatus for underwater research, computer and television systems. The machine is designed for underwater research, cleaning water bodies and shores, transporting various technological equipment and personnel, lifting goods and carrying out work in the shallows. The device is driven by a distribution system on board. The machine has special functions for protecting the environment, land reclamation, underwater research, underwater archeology, civil defense and the like. The hydraulic system of technological equipment is connected by hydraulic lines to a hydraulic pump mounted on the transfer case of the chassis.

The disadvantage of this machine is the low speed of movement on water, especially against the tide. Due to the lack of water propulsion in the design of this machine, the maximum speed of the machine along the river is 4-6 km / h, and even less against the current. The low speed of the machine upstream and downstream contributes to an increase in the delivery time of technological equipment to the place of work, which entails an increase in the term for performing technological work. In addition, separate engines are used to ensure the operation of technological equipment, which significantly increases weight, reduces the speed of movement of such machines, and significantly reduces the free space for installing additional equipment, and therefore the carrying capacity of the machine.

A known transmission for use in an amphibian vehicle (patent RU No. 2304052, patent holder GIBS TEKNOLOGIZH LIMITED (GB), comprising a single-row engine and gearbox assembly providing speed switching, the output of which is facing the front of the vehicle, a power take-off for driving a ship propulsion an assembly located at the rear of the engine, offset to the rear of the vehicle, and a transfer gear located in line behind the gearbox and designed for driving the first drive shaft transmitting the movement to the rear differential to drive the rear wheels of the vehicle, the engine can be located at least partially in front of the rear wheels, and the marine propulsion unit is driven by a transfer case .

The disadvantage of this solution is the lack of means to ensure the power of technological equipment. This design is not intended for installation. If it is necessary to install it, it will be necessary to sacrifice one of the drives on the wheels, which will negatively affect the patency of the machine on which this transmission will be installed.

In the case of installation of technological equipment on the machine, it is also necessary to install an additional engine to drive this equipment, as the transmission does not provide power take-off for technological equipment and it is impossible to install an additional power take-off box into the cardan transmission gap due to its significant geometric dimensions, and there is not enough space due to the small size of the machine itself. Ultimately, when installing an additional engine, the weight of the vehicle as a whole will significantly increase, there is a need for additional space for its placement.

Also known is an amphibious vehicle transmission (patent RU 2381912, patent holder DZHIBBS TEKNOLODZHIZ LTD. (GB), comprising an engine having an output shaft configured to drive a ship propulsion device, a transmission with a smooth change of speeds and running wheels, wherein the gearbox contains the input element and the first output element, configured to interact with the input element, the first output element containing the output axis at a higher level than the input axis of the input element nta, while the running wheels are configured to be driven by the first output element, while the gearbox contains an additional output element that is configured to drive the ship propulsion.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the power take-off from engine No. 2 is carried out only on the axis of the wheels and the water propulsion device through the power take-off transfer case. At the same time, there is no output for power take-off for additional (technological) equipment.

The closest technical solution to the claimed one was selected a power transmission for an amphibian-type vehicle (patent RU No. 2269430, patent holder GIPS TEKNOLODZHIS LIMITED (GB), publ. 10.02.2006), including the engine, transmission and the intermediate power take-off unit located between the engine and transmission, while the output of the power take-off unit is configured to transmit power to the drive unit, designed to move through water, mounted in the rear of the amphibian-type vehicle, the output of the transm The Issy is designed to transmit power to the differential located at the rear of the vehicle. In addition, the output of the transmission is configured to transmit power to a differential located in the front of the vehicle to drive its front wheels into rotation.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of the ability to provide the power of technological equipment when installing the latter on an amphibian vehicle, since this is not provided for by the power train design. If it is put into operation, it will be necessary to install a separate engine, which will affect the increase in the weight of the vehicle, the reduction of its speed, and most importantly, the reduction of the usable area for the installation and transportation of technological equipment and spare parts for it.

The technical problem to which the proposed technical solution is directed is to develop a transmission design for an off-road vehicle, in particular an amphibious tracked vehicle equipped with propellers or water cannons, providing power take-off for technological equipment from the main engine without using an additional engine, thereby providing free space for the installation of additional equipment or the transport of goods.

The technical result is an increase in the usable area for the placement of technological equipment.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in the transmission of a caterpillar vehicle with water propulsion, including an engine containing power take-off on the drive unit, designed to move on water, for power take-off on the undercarriage of the vehicle, according to the invention, in the context of the universal joint the transmission has a power take-off installed, providing power to the technological equipment installed on the vehicle.

Wherein:

- technological equipment is presented in the form of a pump and / or generator, and / or compressor;

- propellers or water cannons are used as water propellers;

- power is transmitted to the tracked engines located at the rear of the vehicle through a gearbox;

In accordance with the subject of the present invention, there is provided an amphibian-type crawler vehicle equipped with propellers or water jets, in which a power take-off device for transmission is installed in accordance with the subject of the invention.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated in the figure.

The figure shows a top view of an embodiment of the proposed transmission on the example of a crawler all-terrain vehicle equipped with water jets, with three power take-offs designed to provide power, including technological equipment, for example, drainage and fire pumps and a generator.

The transmission of a caterpillar vehicle, including engine 1, contains power take-off device 2 installed on the engine 1 from the flywheel side, providing power to the fire pump 5, power take-off device 3 installed on the clutch cover, providing a drainage pump 6, power take-off device 4, installed in the context of the driveshaft 11, which provides power to the generator 7, the gearbox 8, the drive gear reducers of the caterpillar drives 9, the water-jet reducers 10.

An example embodiment of the invention.

Engine 1 transmits torque through the input shaft to power take-offs 2, 3, 4, which provide power to the fire pump 5 and drainage 6 pumps, as well as generator 7. The rotation from engine 1 through power take-offs is transmitted to the gearbox 8 transmitting torque to final drives of caterpillar movers 9 and to gears of drive of water movers 10. Torque is transmitted to additional equipment through a block of gears for power take-offs, which can be switched on antsionno from the driver's cab. The drive can be pneumatic, electro-pneumatic, etc. With the simultaneous inclusion of power take-offs of more than one, it should be borne in mind that the total power consumption of technological equipment should not exceed 80-85% of the engine power. Moreover, each of the power take-offs can be switched on independently of other power take-offs. The power take-off 2 can only be turned on and off with the engine 1 stopped. Power take-off 3

constantly on, it usually provides power to the hydraulic pump 6. The power take-off 4 can turn on and off when the machine is moving.

Thus, the installation of additional power take-off means in the universal joint transmission gap allows providing additional equipment, in particular a fire pump, hydraulic or drainage pumps and a generator, without installing additional engines, which significantly frees up space for technological equipment by eliminating the need to install additional engines that would provide power to the specified process equipment.

With a total power consumption of additional equipment over 85% of the engine power, the following will be observed.

If the power consumption of additional equipment will exceed 85% of the engine power, then with such a power take-off, the equipment will not be able to produce the characteristics necessary for the work, for example (the pump needs engine power of 200 hp and 2700 rpm, at this power it is capable of create pressure in the pressure line 60 l / s (liters per second) with an engine power of 180 hp and 2700 rpm, the pressure in the line will be only 40 hp), which may not be sufficient when pumping water to large distances since according to those nical characteristics, the engines can not always operate at full capacity, this leads to overheating and rapid deterioration of parts. If the power of the additional equipment is exceeded, the engine power is more than 85%, then the machine will not have enough power to move, since at least the minimum power (idle speed) is required to set the machine in motion.

As power take-offs, power take-offs of type MP26-4204010-72 or equivalents can be used. When using a power take-off type MP26-4204010-72, the latter is turned on when the engine is stopped, then the engine starts and torque is simultaneously transmitted to the process equipment and through the clutch to the driveshaft 11 and gearbox 8. In particular, the power take-off is switched on when the clutch is pressed . If a hydraulic or drainage pump is used as technological equipment, then switching on and off the power take-off means with the engine running is not allowed.

When installing a power take-off type MP96-4240010, a permanent drive with a transmission is provided, the engine is first started, and torque is transmitted through the clutch simultaneously to the processing equipment and through the driveshaft 11 to the gearbox 8, and power take-off can be carried out as it was parked, so when driving a car. This situation is recommended for technological equipment, such as a hydraulic pump, which requires about 245 hp of power.

Power take-offs can be of various types, for example, transfer cases or gearboxes. During operation, the engine 1 transmits rotational motion through the primary shafts of the power take-offs 2, 3, 4 to the gearbox 8 of the vehicle. The secondary shafts of power take-offs 2, 3, 4, when switched on from the driver’s cab, transmit part of the power to rotate additional equipment, in particular, to the fire pump 5 and the hydraulic pump 6, generator 7.

An example of the use of the proposed design is, for example, fighting fires, when it is necessary to use a fire pump that pumps water along the hose lines, or for pumping water with a drain pump during floods.

A gearbox 8 provides movement to water cannons 10 and gear reducers of caterpillar movers 9. Moreover, the number of power take-offs is determined by the number of technological equipment.

Thus, the installation of power take-offs directly to the engine from the flywheel side, on the clutch cover and in the context of the cardan transmission allows you to provide power to any additionally installed process equipment, such as pumps, a generator, etc., without installing additional machine engines, unlike analogues.

When installing a power take-off box on a machine in the context of an MP77-2220010-01 cardan transmission, the machine operates as follows. The engine 1 is started, power take-off 4 is turned on through the clutch, the torque is transmitted through the clutch to the additional equipment-generator 7 and through the driveshaft 11 to the gearbox 8, the design of which provides for the operation of technological equipment both when driving and when the machine stops.

The proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty", because the prior art did not identify solutions with the proposed set of features, the criterion of "inventive step", because identical and equivalent features have not been identified that ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result, as well as the criterion of “industrial applicability”, since the applicant conducted an experimental verification of a sample of the claimed transmission on a tracked vehicle with water engines with a positive result.

Claims (4)

1. Transmission of a caterpillar vehicle with water propulsion, including an engine containing a power take-off to a drive unit designed to move on water for power take-off to the undercarriage of a vehicle, characterized in that it is equipped with a power take-off installed in cross section transmission for power take-off on technological equipment. 2. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing equipment is presented in the form of a pump, and / or generator, and / or compressor. 3. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the propellers or water cannons are used as water propulsors. 4. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission of power to the caterpillar tracks is carried out through the gearbox.

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