RU185065U1 - SNOWMOBILET - TRACKED TRANSPORTER BORISOV - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a snow and swamp vehicle - Borisov caterpillar conveyor (GTB), related to the field of mechanical engineering / transportation and intended for transportation of various cargoes far from maintenance points under conditions of complete impassability (including on weak-bearing, waterlogged soils, swamps of 3.4 categories) including water obstacles of unlimited depth and virgin snow of any depth and density. Snow and swamp truck - Borisov caterpillar conveyor, which is a system design, consists of m at least one leading module and at least one superstructure. When implementing the technical solution, the following main technical results are achieved TC does not have the "ground clearance" parameter, which is the main indicator of passability, due to the absence of a lower fixed point; the vehicle does not have the "slipping" effect (slippage of the mover relatively immovable chassis); TS does not have a traditional differential increase in specific pressure on one side on weakly bearing, flooded soils; TS oblast gives a balanced center of rotation; the caterpillar mover does not have voluminous freestanding parts that provide significant resistance to movement on swampy soils; in case of failure of any one node in the ICE-drive wheel chain, including a caterpillar mover of any track, the vehicle is able to move in a controlled manner. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to a snow-and-swamp vehicle - Borisov crawler conveyor ("GTB"), hereinafter - a vehicle (vehicle), related to the field of engineering / transportation and intended for transportation of various cargoes far from maintenance points in complete off-road conditions (including on poor-bearing , waterlogged soils, marshes of the 3.4 category), including water obstacles of unlimited depth and virgin snow of any depth and density.

From the prior art snow-and-swamp vehicle is known (see patent RU 29280 for utility model, publ. 10.05.2003).

The snow and swamp vehicle contains a chassis with a caterpillar mover, a watercraft and a drive unit, characterized in that a passenger car with wheels removed is mounted on the chassis of the machine, and the transmission of torque from the gearbox of the vehicle to the gearbox of the drive axle of the caterpillar mover is carried out using a driveshaft, and watercraft made in the form of removable pontoons of light metal or multilayer rubber, in the working position, fixed to the chassis, and transported in the idle position on the roof of a car or on a ski-trailer.

This snow and swamp vehicle has the following disadvantages:

- poor reliability. The use of a passenger car transmission designed for driving on smooth, asphalt roads in a design declared for driving in complete off-road conditions without any downshifts;

- low power ratio. The use of an engine and a balanced transmission of a car designed for driving on smooth, asphalt roads;

- a large amount of preparatory work for the transformation of the structure to different conditions of use;

- high transverse centers of mass, critical when used on a boggy terrain.

The prior art known two-track caterpillar snow and swamp path (see patent RU 63312 for utility model, publ. 27.05.2007).

A two-link tracked snow and swamp vehicle includes front and rear links connected by a rotary coupling device, a transmission including a gearbox, a transfer case, cardan shafts, final drives with driven shafts and differentials, and drive wheels of the front and rear links, a brake, characterized in that the driven shafts each of the main gears having limited slip differentials are connected by cardan shafts directly to the shafts of the drive wheels, and a brake with a mechanical drive is installed on the driven shaft of the gear internal box.

This snow and swamp vehicle has the following disadvantages:

- lack of working brakes;

- lack of a backup brake system (backup brake). Applied one mechanical transmission brake.

The prior art caterpillar floating snow and swamp vehicle with electric drive (see patent RU 170926 for utility model, publ. 05/15/2017).

A feature of the snow and swamp vehicle is the use of a full electric drive, which greatly simplifies the control of movement, braking and cornering. Leading electric motors and a gasoline electric generator for quick charging of batteries are located in the rear of the case. Batteries are located under the seats in the passenger compartment. This arrangement greatly simplifies the design and year-round operation in sparsely populated areas.

This snow and swamp vehicle has the following disadvantages:

- large net weight. The use of batteries as an energy source;

- limitation on temperature / battery life;

- limitation of the time of use of the vehicle by the difference in the discharge / charge time of the battery.

The objectives (goals) when creating the claimed snow and swamp-rover are:

- when using a vehicle in the aforementioned operating conditions, eliminate the main traditional design factors that reduce cross-country ability;

- ensuring the design of double survivability of all functional units that provide movement;

- reduction of energy costs for the transportation of 1 kg of payload;

- increase the carrying capacity of the vehicle;

- lowering the specific pressure on the supporting surface;

- increase in displacement.

When implementing a technical solution, the following main technical results are achieved:

- The vehicle does not have the "ground clearance" parameter, which is the main indicator of passability, due to the absence of a lower fixed point;

- The vehicle does not have the effect of "slipping" (slipping mover relative to a non-moving chassis);

- TS does not have the traditional differentiated increase in specific pressure on one side on weakly bearing, waterlogged soils;

- The vehicle has a balanced center of rotation;

- caterpillar mover does not have voluminous freestanding parts that provide significant resistance to movement on swampy soils;

- in the event of a failure of any one node in the ICE-drive wheel chain, including a caterpillar mover of any track, the vehicle is able to move in a controlled manner.

Technical results are achieved by the fact that the snow and swamp vehicle is a system design, consisting essentially of:

- the main (base) driving module - the main chassis in the form of a three-track caterpillar mover mounted on an airtight displacement bearing housing, while an onboard water-jet propulsion device is located in the housing;

- the main (basic) superstructure in the form of a platform frame with installed engine (s), main pump (s) and a control cabin, while the platform frame rests on the racks of the master module;

Additionally, the system can be equipped with additional leading module (s) in any configuration:

- an additional chassis in the form of a three-track caterpillar propulsion mounted on an airtight displacement bearing housing, while the leading modules are interconnected;

- an additional superstructure in the form of a platform frame with installed engine (s), main (s) pump (s) without a control cabin, in the form of a frame with an integrated sealed displacement cargo body with top and rear loading, which is equipped with a drainage device.

The technical result is achieved due to the following design features.

The basic device is a system design consisting of the following main parts:

- the main (basic) driving module (main chassis): a three-track caterpillar propulsion mounted on an airtight displacement bearing housing. The body contains airborne water-jet propulsion;

- main (basic) add-in: platform with installed engine (s), main (s) pump (s) and control cabin;

- an additional driving module (additional chassis): a three-track caterpillar mover on a sealed displacement bearing housing with (without) a water jet (s) water mover.

Additional add-ons: of various shapes and purposes, including mounted mechanical installations and devices.

Leading modules can be interconnected by known ordinary connections, including controlled ones, allowing different positions of the modules in three planes.

In one system there can be at least one main module, or from two to four connected modules in any combination additionally docked.

The features and essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated in the following detailed description, illustrated by the drawing (see figure 1).

In FIG. 1 is a kinematic diagram of a snow-and-swamp vehicle - Borisov tracked conveyor, which shows the following:

1 - bearing housing;

2 - a driving wheel;

3 - left half shaft;

4 - left disc brake;

5 - hypoid gear;

6 - middle axis;

7 - the right brake;

8 - the right axis;

9 - inclusion clutch;

10 - low speed hydraulic motor;

11 - high speed hydraulic motor;

12 - body of the water jet;

13 - reference node;

14 - water jet screw;

15 - a power shaft;

16 - drive reversible hydraulic motor;

17 - internal combustion engine;

18 - driving hydraulic pump;

19 - the hydrodistributor.

Description of the design of the snow and swamp vehicle.

A. The main (basic) leading module.

It is a sealed metal supporting case (1) of the pontoon type with integrated multifunctional struts for attaching the superstructure. On the body in a row there are 3 caterpillar drives, which consist of the actual caterpillars, driving wheels (2), supporting lower rollers, guide rollers and supporting rollers. In the main body (1) are located: in front of the drive unit with brakes, consisting of the left half shaft (3), the left disk brake (4) in an oil bath (KNOTT system or equivalent), hypoid gearbox (5), middle half shaft (6 ), rigidly connected to the differential housing, the right brake (7) and the right half shaft (8), the spline clutches for turning on (9) the hydraulic motors, the low speed drive hydraulic motor (10), and the high speed drive hydraulic motor (11); in the lateral parts of the bearing housing (1) there are onboard water-jet propulsors, consisting of a built-in module of the left housing of the water jet (12), water can covers, support unit (13), water jet screw (14), drive shaft (15), and reversible drive hydraulic motor (16). Similarly arranged right side water-jet propulsion. In the middle part, fuel tanks are integrated into the body. All hydraulic fittings and wiring are located inside the multifunctional struts for attaching the superstructure.

B. The main (base) add-in.

It is a steel frame - a platform on which are installed: a separate metal glazed cabin, sealed, with side and vertical exits. The driver’s seat and controls are located in the cab. Behind the cab there is a sealed metal engine compartment, in which a power plant is installed, consisting of an internal combustion engine (s) (17), leading (e) hydraulic pump (s) (18), and a hydraulic distributor (19). Behind the engine compartment can be located a sealed metal cargo compartment, or any device. The platform frame rests on the racks of the master module. The back of the frame has attachment points for the connecting unit.

B. Optional master module.

Structurally, it is an analog of the main module. May differ in the absence of a water-jet propulsion. Instead of a water jet, additional fuel tanks can be installed.

G. Additional superstructure.

Structurally, it is a steel frame platform, with an integrated sealed displacement cargo body with top and rear loading, which is equipped with a drainage device. When using one long body on two modules, the superstructure may have a frame in the form of a roller slewing ring. Alternatively, an additional superstructure may carry a sealed power compartment without a control cabin.

D. Connection device.

Structurally, it is a Hook joint. The attachment shaft to the optional module has an axial freedom of 30 degrees. Attaches to the rear consoles of the main module and the rear frame of the main superstructure. An additional module is attached to the device for the front consoles and the front frame. The device has a hydraulic locking mobility of the joint, and a controlled locking of axial freedom.

The principle of operation of the claimed snow and swamp vehicle is as follows.

Installed on the main superstructure, the internal combustion engine (s) (17) drives the hydraulic pump (s) (18) of the hydraulic system. In the cab installed in the same place, the operator, through j, controls the actuating motors in any combination (10, 11) installed on the leading modules. An activated actuating hydraulic motor, for example, low speed (10), is connected via an on-clutch (9) to the shaft of the shank of the hypoid gearbox (5). The differential box with the driven gear mount is rigidly connected to the center hub drive wheel hub. External drive wheels are attached to the outer axles (3.8). On the outer axles (3, 8), multi-disc brakes (4, 7) are mounted in an oil bath. Thus, in a rectilinear motion, the gearbox rotates in one direction with the same angular speed 3 drive wheels located in the same axis, which in turn rewind each of its tracks.

The original is the rotation scheme. Due to the use of the differential, and the gearbox of the middle drive wheel rigidly fixed to the driven gear, the average track is the angular velocity base. When turning, braking of the inner track (towards the center of rotation) depends on and proportionally increases the speed of the outer track. Unlike the two-track scheme, the three-track system receives a balanced center of rotation.

Oil bath disc brakes are also service brakes. An original water-jet propulsion unit driven by hydraulic motors is mounted inside the module case. The water-jet propulsion is controlled by changing the speed and direction of rotation of the onboard hydraulic motors (16).

The claimed snow and swamp vehicle differs radically from its known analogues.

The main differences are as follows:

- applied block-modular layout scheme;

- caterpillar mover is made according to the inline three-track scheme;

- the transmission uses a differential hypoid gearbox with three outputs;

- the main gear ratio in the transmission is changed by the use of two (variably up to 4) different executive hydraulic motors;

- the snow and swamp vehicle has a built-in onboard water propulsion driven by hydraulic motors.

Claims (1)

Snow and swamp vehicle - a caterpillar conveyor, which is a system design consisting of one leading module - the main chassis in the form of a three-track caterpillar propulsion mounted on an airtight displacement carrier body, with a twin onboard water-jet propulsion device located in the casing; one superstructure in the form of a platform frame with an installed engine, a main pump and a control cabin, while one platform frame is supported by the racks of one leading module.

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