RU2654022C2 - Granulated water-resistant explosive composition for rock blasting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry; mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to granulated waterproof industrial explosives (IE) and can be used in mining operations in the development of minerals. Granular waterproof explosive composition for rock blasting includes a sensitizer – granulotole, phlegmatizer – industrial oil, and ballistite rocket solid fuel in the form of pressed cylindrical granules as an explosive material, or tablets with a diameter of 10 mm, or in the form of a crushed mass of elements of an arbitrary shape, passed through a sieve with hole sizes up to 25 mm, or shavings with the sizes of elements up to 30 mm, or their mixtures, or ballistite gun powder (BGP), or pyroxylin powder, granular or tubular (PPT), with tubular BGP and PPT in crushed form with the sizes of elements up to 25 mm or their mechanical mixture with a certain ratio of components. Explosive composition has high water resistance and detonation capacity, a wide range of applications and a wide raw material base.

EFFECT: granulated waterproof explosive composition for rock blasting is proposed.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to granular waterproof industrial explosives (PVV) and can be used in mining in the development of minerals.

Known granulated PVV "granipor BM" [1], containing 100% of crushed ballistic solid rocket fuel type VIC, PCT, RSI and 1.5% (in excess of 100%) of mineral oil.

The disadvantages of the known PVV are:

- low detonation ability and the associated limited scope - the critical diameter of the detonation of a dry charge in a steel pipe is 80-100 mm, in a cardboard - more than 120 mm; for the full realization of potential energy, it is advisable to use explosives in conditions in which the detonation parameters are close to ideal [2], therefore, the BM can be used to charge wells with diameters much more than 100-120 mm

- limited raw material base.

It is also known granular PVV "Granipory" [3], containing 50% of crushed ballistic artillery powder (BAP) or ballistic solid rocket fuel (BRTT), 50% of pyroxylin powder of granular (PPP) or tubular (PPT) crushed, or mixtures thereof 1 5% of instrument or industrial oil (in excess of 100%).

The disadvantages of the known PVV are:

- relatively low detonation ability — the critical diameter of the detonation of a dry charge in a cardboard shell is 100-120 mm;

- limited scope of the UIP, associated with the impossibility of its effective use in wells with diameters up to 120 mm

Known explosive composition (BC) [4] for use in wells of any degree of water cut, including recyclable ballistic rocket solid fuel in the form of shavings with a particle size of 2 to 50 mm 90 ± 1.0 wt. %, granulotol 10 ± 1.0 wt. % and as a phlegmatizer - industrial oil 1 ± 0.2 wt. % accepted by the authors for the prototype.

The disadvantages of the composition of the prototype are:

- relatively low detonation ability - the critical diameter of the detonation of an open dry charge is 100-120 mm;

- limited scope associated with the impossibility of its use for loading wells with a diameter of up to 120 mm and regulating explosive characteristics within the stated ratio of components;

- narrow raw material base.

In addition, during blasting operations using well-known explosive composition at consumer quarries (ZAO Soda, JSC Raw Material Company in Sterlitamak), there were cases of mass failures or incomplete detonation of charges, accompanied by emissions of burning BRTT shavings from the wells.

The aim of this invention is the creation of a granular waterproof explosive composition with high detonation ability, wide scope and raw material base.

The goal is achieved in that the granular waterproof explosive composition for breaking rocks includes explosive material, a granulotol sensitizer, an industrial oil phlegmatizer, while it contains ballistic solid rocket fuel in the form of pressed cylindrical pellets or tablets up to 10 mm in diameter, or in the form of a crushed mass of elements of arbitrary shape passing through a sieve with hole sizes up to 25 mm, or chips with element sizes up to 30 mm, or mixtures thereof , or ballistic artillery gunpowder, or granular or tubular pyroxylin gunpowder, while containing tubular BAP and PPT in crushed form with element sizes up to 25 mm, or their mechanical mixture, with the following components, wt. %:

ballistic solid rocket fuel, or ballistic artillery powder, or granular pyroxylin powder, or pyroxylin gunpowder tubular, or a mixture thereof 45.24-84.95 granulotol sensitizer 13.88-54.12 phlegmatizer industrial oil 0.64-1.17

The introduction into the composition as explosive material of BRTT or BAP of various modifications, or PPZ, or PPT of various grades in the indicated types, shapes and sizes of elements, including recyclable explosive materials, or their mixtures, provides interchangeability of components and significantly expands the raw material base of the explosive composition .

The introduction of granulotol into the sensitizer leads to an increase in the detonation ability of the explosive composition (decrease in the critical diameter of the detonation).

Phlegmatization of explosive composition is provided by the introduction of industrial oil.

The proposed components, their ratios, quality and particle size distribution of explosive material provide the claimed explosive composition with a wide range of applications.

The characteristics of the samples of the explosive composition and prototype are shown in the table. As follows from the table, the declared explosive composition exceeds the prototype in density and detonation ability. So the charge density takes values from 0.86 to 0.95 g / cm ³ and the critical diameter of detonation with an increase in the content of granulotol from 13.88 wt. % to 54.12 wt. % decreases from 90-110 mm to 40-50 mm.

For a better understanding of the invention, examples of technology for producing samples of explosive composition are given.

The preparation of explosive material consists in grinding products.

Note: * BRTT in the form of granules or tablets with a diameter of up to 10 mm, or in the form of a crushed mass of elements of arbitrary shape passing through a sieve with hole sizes up to 25 mm, or chips with element sizes up to 30 mm; ** BAP and PPT ground with element sizes up to 25 mm.

or their fragments from BRTT, BAP and PPT received from the production line for the stocking of obsolete ammunition or from production in the form of marriage and return waste. The BRTT is crushed into elements of arbitrary shape up to 25 mm in size is carried out in the grinder - grinder IPM-1 / 11.0 [5], and into chips with an element size of up to 30 mm with an ON-239 hydraulic knife, on turning or planing machines. BAP tubes are crushed to produce elements up to 25 mm in size, using an ART-10P automatic ballast gun tube cutting machine or with a RS-700 cutting machine, and tubular pyroxylin gunpowder to an element size of 25 mm in a DMK disk mill.

Another option for the preparation of BRTT is the pressing of granules or tablets with a diameter of up to 10 mm according to ballistic technology using a screw press and rollers.

Example No. 1 of the technology for producing 1000 kg of sample No. 1 of an explosive composition (see table) containing 452.4 kg (45.24%) of a mixture of BAP and PPZ as explosive material, 541.2 kg (54.12% as a sensitizer) ) granulotol and as a phlegmatizer 6.4 kg (0.64%) of industrial oil

BAP and PPZ are introduced in two weights: 339.3 kg (33.93%) of crushed BAP and 113.1 kg (11.31%) of PPZ (grained).

Preparation of sample No. 1 composition is as follows. In the batch-type mixer of the UHV of the “drunk barrel” type [6], the BAP and PPZ weighed are loaded, then the weighed portion of mineral oil is poured. For 4-6 minutes, these components are mixed. Then a sample of granulotol is added and the composition is finally mixed for another 4-6 minutes and packaged.

Example No. 2 of the technology for producing 1000 kg of sample No. 6 of an explosive composition containing 849.5 kg (84.95%) of BRTT, 138.8 kg (13.88%) of granulotol and 11.7 kg (1.17%) of industrial oil

BRTT is introduced in two weights: in the form of a crushed mass of elements of arbitrary shape in the amount of 700 kg (70%) and in the form of chips in the amount of 149.5 kg (14.95%).

Preparation of sample No. 6 composition is as follows. BRTT samples in the form of crushed mass from arbitrary elements and shavings are loaded into the “drunk barrel” type SVV mixer, then a sample of mineral oil is poured. For 4-6 minutes, these components are mixed. Then a sample of granulotol is added and the composition is finally mixed for another 4-6 minutes and packaged.

Similarly, other samples of explosive composition are made.

In determining the characteristics of the samples of the declared explosive composition, the following methods are used:

- particle size distribution of explosive material is determined in accordance with GOST 14839.17-69;

- the charge density is determined in accordance with GOST 14839.18-69;

- the critical diameter of the detonation is determined according to GOST B 84-898-74.

For the manufacture of explosive composition are used:

- ballistic solid rocket fuel according to OST V 84-439-82;

- ballistic artillery powder according to OST V 84-1943-81;

- pyroxylin powder, granular or tubular according to OST B 84-2232-85; -industrial oil in accordance with GOST 20799-88 or GOST 8675-62;

- granulotol according to GOST 25857.

The advantages of the claimed explosive composition compared with the prototype are higher detonation ability (d _cr from 40-50 to 90-110 mm), density (ρ = 0.86-0.95 g / cm ³ ), a wide raw material base and scope .

The declared explosive composition is in high demand among consumers. The Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision issued a permit for its continuous use.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Industrial explosives. Granipores. Specifications 3-7509009.31-92

2. Svetlov B.Ya., Yaremenko N.E. Theory and properties of industrial explosives. - M .: Nedra, 1973, 208 p.

3. Industrial explosives. Granipores are waterproof. Specifications 3-7509009.06-90.

4. Patent RU No. 2330830 C1, C06B 25/24, 08/10/2008. Explosive composition.

5. Crusher - grinder IPM-1 / 11.0. Developer - Institute of NIIproektasbest OJSC, Asbest, http://www.niiasbest.ru.

6. “Mixer of explosives SVV. Specifications "TU 7276-006-11692478-99.

Claims (2)

An explosive granular waterproof composition for breaking rocks, including explosive material, a granulotol sensitizer, an industrial oil phlegmatizer, characterized in that it contains ballistic solid rocket fuel as explosive material in the form of pressed cylindrical pellets or tablets with a diameter of up to 10 mm, or in the form of crushed mass from elements of arbitrary shape passing through a sieve with hole sizes up to 25 mm, or shavings with element sizes up to 30 mm, or mixtures thereof, or ballistic artillery Rye gunpowder (BAP), or granular or tubular pyroxylin gunpowder (PPT), contains crushed tubular BAP and PPT with element sizes up to 25 mm, or their mechanical mixture, with the following components, wt.%: ballistic solid rocket fuel or ballistic artillery powder, or granular pyroxylin powder, or pyroxylin gunpowder tubular, or a mixture thereof 45.24-84.95 granulotol sensitizer 13.88-54.12 phlegmatizer industrial oil 0.64-1.17