RU2653661C1 - Self-propelled vessel oil-cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ship building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to shipbuilding, in particular to ships for water areas cleaning. Self-propelled vessel, petroleum scoop, containing means for collecting oil and oil products, means for collecting floating debris, means for separating oily waters, cisterns for accumulation oil residues and means for discharging treated water into sea, garbage sorting lines and tanks for its accumulation, made with two flexible floating booms installed in ship stern part, equipped with slip, which is equipped with means for receiving floating debris and / or oil products, and its lower edge is located below waterline, flexible floating booms are made in form of strip from flexible material, upper part of which is made with positive buoyancy, and bottom one is equipped with ballast, boom is secured to cable-cable, which is electrically connected at one end to power supply source installed on vessel, and other is electrically connected electrically to executive electric motor of small craft, made in form of towing boat, with remote control from vessel by cable or radio channel, bottom part of which is made with ability to lift it along slip.

EFFECT: technical result consists in expanding operational capabilities of oil scraper.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, in particular to the design of ships for collecting garbage and oil products from the water surface, preferably at a great distance from the coast, and can be used to eliminate accidental oil and oil product spills and eliminate "garbage islands" in the open sea.

It is known that plastic has been decomposing for more than a hundred years, and therefore in the ocean, due to ocean currents, they are formed and constantly grow (about 2.5 million tons of pieces and plastic products and other garbage are dumped into the ocean from all continents) in size islands, one of which, for example, floats between California, Hawaii and Alaska.

There are various vessels that are designed to ensure the environmental safety of sea and river ports, intended for collection from sea and river vessels in ports of oily water, collection and transfer to coastal wastewater storage facilities, various types of garbage (project ZT42BWS, vessel "Bryansk" project 21460) ; http://www.maritimemarket.ru/, http://www.sstc.spb.ru/activity/branches/ships/s25?start=0.

The disadvantage of such vessels is the impossibility of separating oil-containing water, collecting oil and oil products from the water surface during accidental oil spills.

Also known is a self-propelled oil-and-garbage collection vessel containing oil and oil product collection tools, floating debris collection tools, oil-containing water separation means, oil storage tanks and purified water discharge means into the sea, garbage storage tanks and booms (see RU No. 142488, B63B 35/00, B63C 9/28, 2013).

In case of emergency oil and oil product spills, it is necessary to carry out various measures to prevent the further spread of emergency oil and oil product spills using special devices and equipment.

The essence of the claimed vessel is as follows:

- it moves from the place of basing to the place of emergency oil and oil products spill;

- the ship’s crew sets up a boom barrier of the necessary design (type) to prevent the spread of spilled oil (oil products) over the water surface;

- after the installation of a boom barrier, the crew of the vessel unfolds specialized equipment for collecting oil and oil products from the water surface and collects them;

- oil and oil products collected from the water surface, floating waste are collected in special tanks of the vessel (tanks);

- after completion of the collection of oily water and various types of garbage, the vessel separates the collected water, pumps the oil residues into a special tank, and then discharges them to shore tanks for subsequent disposal. Garbage is sorted separately and is also disposed of in special coastal storage facilities for disposal, and subsequently, at a specialized enterprise. The waters purified from oil residues are either discharged into the sea in special designated areas, or delivered to shore tanks.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the impossibility of its use for the elimination of oil and oil products spills, as well as the collection of floating debris from the "garbage islands" away from the coast, which does not allow to provide high technical and operational characteristics of the oil sump vessel.

The objective of the invention is to provide the ability to eliminate oil spills and oil products, as well as the collection of floating debris from the "garbage islands" away from the coast.

The technical result is to improve the technical and operational characteristics of oil sump vessels.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a self-propelled oil-and-garbage collection vessel containing oil and oil product collection means, floating waste collection means, oil-containing water separation means, tanks for accumulating oil residues and means for dumping purified water into the sea, waste sorting lines and containers for its accumulation, boom booms, characterized in that the vessel is seaworthy, while it is equipped with two flexible floating booms, up to 1500 m long, installed in the stern of the vessel, equipped with a slip at the sides of the latter, and the slip is equipped with means for receiving overhead debris and / or oil products, and its lower edge is placed below the waterline, in addition, flexible floating booms are made in the form of a strip of flexible material, the upper part of which is made with positive buoyancy, and the lower one is equipped with ballast, for example in the form of at least one metal cable attached to it, in addition, the boom is attached to a cable cable, which is electrically connected at one end to the source power supply installed on the vessel and another electrically detachably connected to the executive electric motor of a small craft, made in the form of a towing boat, remotely controlled from the ship, by cable or radio channel, the bottom of which is made with the possibility of lifting it on a slip. In addition, in the stern of the vessel there are vertical drums equipped with a rotation drive, fastened to the end of the boom, made with the possibility of winding the latter on them. In addition, the vessel is equipped with lines for sorting garbage into plastic, materials of plant origin, such as wood or algae, non-combustible materials, such as metal and glass, and means for their disposal and / or compaction, installed in front of containers for storing garbage.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with the features of the prototype and analogues indicates the conformity of the claimed solution to the criterion of "novelty."

The features of the characterizing part of the claims provide a solution to a set of functional tasks.

Signs “the vessel is made seaworthy” provide the vessel with the ability to navigate offshore in the areas of positioning “garbage islands” from floating debris, since a seagoing vessel is a vessel suitable for sailing in the open sea and ocean in any weather conditions.

Signs indicating that the vessel “is equipped with two flexible floating booms up to 1500 m long” provides the ability to localize significant volumes of the water surface, which is important when collecting oil and oil products, in addition, it provides a “concentration” of the volume of floating garbage in front of the stern in places of placement of its means for receiving and removing garbage (if the latter does not form a sufficiently dense layer at which the performance of the means for receiving and removing garbage is maximum).

Signs indicating that floating booms are installed “in the stern of the vessel, equipped with a slip, at the sides of the latter, the slip being equipped with means for receiving overhead debris and / or oil products, and its lower edge is located below the waterline”, provide the possibility of localization of significant volumes of the water surface , which is important when collecting oil and petroleum products, in addition, it provides a “concentration” of the volume of floating debris in front of the stern of the vessel at the locations of its means for receiving and removing garbage (if ice does not form a sufficiently dense layer at which the performance of the means for receiving and removing garbage is maximum), and, in addition, provide the ability to collect contaminants in the reverse movement of the vessel, which determines the integrity of the bow, eliminating the need for equipping it with ramps and other means to ensure reception of pollution, in addition, provided the launching of the towing boom towers.

Signs indicating that the flexible floating booms are made “in the form of a strip of flexible material, the upper part of which is made with positive buoyancy, and the lower part is equipped with ballast, for example in the form of at least one metal cable attached to it”, provide a small weight of the barriers , providing the possibility of towing them with small self-propelled boats and the flexibility of barriers, providing the possibility of minimizing their volume occupied on the vessel (due to twisting into a roll) in the process of the course of the vessel to the place of work

Signs indicating that "the boom is attached to a cable, which is electrically connected at one end to a power source installed on the vessel and electrically connected to the executive electric motor of the small boat with the other end", provide for pulling (straightening) the boom, holding the towbar and feeding power to it to drive the electric motor.

Signs indicating that the small watercraft is made “in the form of a towing boat remotely controlled from the vessel, by cable or radio channel, the bottom of which is made with the possibility of its rise along the slip”, provide the ability to control the movement of the towing truck without the presence of people on it and provide the opportunity transportation of towing vessels on the deck of the vessel during its transition to the place of work or in stormy conditions.

Signs indicating that "in the stern of the vessel there are vertical drums equipped with a rotary drive, fastened to the end of the boom, made with the possibility of winding the latter", minimize the amount of boom occupied by it on the vessel (by twisting into a roll) in the process of transition of the vessel to the place of work.

Signs indicating that “the vessel is equipped with lines for sorting garbage into plastic, materials of plant origin, such as wood or algae, non-combustible materials, such as metal and glass, and means for their disposal and / or compaction, installed in front of garbage containers”, provide separate disposal of the collected garbage, which allows to accumulate it either in the form of ash or in the form of blocks of large volumes, for subsequent transportation to the shore or flooding at the place of work as elements of a claim sstvennyh reef (including tubular shape) suitable for their development of aquatic organisms.

The claimed device is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows the layout of a ship in a state prior to deployment for operation; in FIG. 2 shows the layout of the vessel at the start of deployment; in FIG. 3 shows a diagram in terms of the vessel’s work in the water area; in FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of a boom boom.

The drawings show a vessel 1, means for collecting oil and oil products 2, means for collecting overflow debris 3, means for separating oil-containing water 4, tanks 5 for accumulating oil residues and means for dumping purified water into the sea 6, sorting lines for garbage 7, containers for its accumulation 8, boom 9, aft 10 of vessel 1, slip 11, its lower edge 12, waterline 13, upper 14 and lower 15 of the boom 9, metal cable 16, cable cable 17, power source 18, electric motor 19, boat towing vehicle 20 about the bottom 21, the vertical drums 22, their rotation drives 23, the means of disposal and / or compacting of the garbage 24, the nose mover 25. In addition, the garbage spot 26 is shown.

Self-propelled vessel 1 oil scavenger is seaworthy, with the possibility of sailing away from the coast in the areas of positioning of “garbage islands” from floating debris (that is, it is suitable for sailing in the open sea and ocean, in any weather conditions).

It is advisable that the vessel was equipped with an additional mover 25 located in the bow, or the feed mover should be as far away as possible from the lower edge 12 of the slip 11 to ensure the most favorable operation for the oil and oil products collecting means 2, floating debris collecting means 3.

It is equipped with two flexible floating booms 9, up to 1500 m long, installed in the stern of vessel 10 1. The aft part of vessel 1 is equipped with a slip 11. Slip 11 is equipped with means for receiving bulk debris 3 and means for receiving oil products 2, and its lower edge 12 placed below waterline 13. To ensure safe navigation, the slipway opening 11 is provided with means for blocking it, for example, sliding gates or a rising ramp, etc. (not shown), structurally not different from the means of a similar purpose.

Flexible floating booms are made in the form of a strip of flexible material, the upper part 14 of which is made with positive buoyancy (for example, by using a material with a density lower than the density of water with closed pores), and the lower 15 is equipped with ballast, for example in the form of at least one metal cable attached to it 16. In addition, the boom is attached to a cable cable 17, which is electrically connected at one end to a power supply 18 installed on the vessel, and the other is electrically disconnected. and (due to the corresponding sealed electrical connector of known design, not shown in the drawings) connected to the actuator motor 19 of a small craft, made in the form of a towing boat 20, remotely controlled from the vessel, by cable or radio channel, the bottom of which 21 is made with the possibility of its descent and climbing 11.

In the stern of the vessel there are vertical drums 22, equipped with drives for their rotation, 23, fastened to the end of the boom 9, made with the possibility of winding them last.

In addition, the vessel is equipped with lines for sorting garbage 7 into plastic, materials of plant origin, such as wood or algae, non-combustible materials, such as metal and glass, and means for their disposal and / or compacting 24, installed in front of containers for collecting garbage 8. garbage can be disposed of in the form of incinerators (for burning plastic, wood and biomass) or in the form of compaction plants (compaction for metal, and / or glass, and / or ceramics; or pressing heated to plastic softening temperature). In the second case, it is possible to mold plastic into blocks with a density higher than the density of water, including those containing through channels and cavities that can be used as artificial reefs and sent to the bottom.

The claimed self-propelled vessel 1 oil scavenger operates as follows.

The vessel enters the operating area, moving headlong forward, with the boom 9 and the towing boat 20 placed on the deck and secured in the same direction, and the slip 11 is closed to prevent waves from reaching the deck.

After reaching the work area using the standard lifting and lifting equipment of the vessel, booms 9 and towing boats 20 are prepared for operation: the cable cables 17 are connected to the power supply 18 and the corresponding actuating motors 19 of the towing boats 20, i.e. provide the ability to supply electricity; the ends of the cable ropes 17 are rigidly fixed on the hulls of the towing boats 20 to exclude the disconnection of their electrical connectors with the actuating motors 19, the towing boats 20 due to the forces arising on the cable rope 17 during towing the booms 9 and maneuvering with them.

Next, slip 11 is opened to ensure the launching of booms and the reception of garbage and / or oil products on board, and the vessel is rotated 180 ° so that its feed is directed to the garbage spot 26. After that, launching the towing boats 20 s boom 9, include in the work of their Executive electric motors 19 and rotational drives 23 of the vertical drums 22 (on which the main part of the boom 9 is wound), ensuring their unwinding. In this case, the speed of unwinding of the boom barriers 9 is coordinated with the speed of the towing boats 20 so that the process proceeds with maximum stability of the pulling forces, excluding jerking or, conversely, crowding of the barriers at the sides of the vessel.

After covering the trash spot 16, the towing boats 20 bring them as close as possible to each other, stop their progress, choose the operation of rotation drives 23 of the vertical drums 22 booms 9, which ensures “pulling” of oil to the means of collecting oil and oil products 2, “pulling” of the floating garbage to the means of collecting it 3.

Next, there is a rise of these pollution on the ship and their processing. Moreover, on the sorting lines of garbage 7, the garbage is sorted into plastic, materials of plant origin, such as wood or algae, non-combustible materials, such as metal and glass.

Further, depending on the adopted scheme for the disposal and / or compaction of garbage, it is burned (plastic, wood and biomass are burned), and the ash is stored in a container 8; or compact the garbage (by pressing - for metal, and / or glass, and / or ceramics), while metal blocks are accumulated in an appropriate container 8; or (by pressing heated to the softening temperature of the plastic) plastic blocks are formed, including those containing through channels and cavities that can be used as artificial reefs and sent to the bottom due to the density of a higher density of water, which is possible due to mixing into the mass of plastic crushed glass and / or ceramics.

A slightly different scheme of the vessel’s operation is possible, in which the towing boats 20 form a kind of big funnel in front of the stern of the vessel, raising the boom 9 approximately at an angle of 40-45 ° to the ship’s diametrical plane. Further, the ship makes a small forward stern forward (due to the operation of the bow propulsion device 25), while the towing boats 20 move forward at the same speed. This ensures that the oil is “pulled” to the means of collecting oil and oil products 2, and “pulled” of overhead debris to the means of collecting it 3. Further, the procedure for processing contaminants is repeated. As filling tanks 5 for the accumulation of oil residues and containers for the accumulation of garbage 8, their contents are transferred to auxiliary transport vessels and removed to shore.

To move to a new area, the booms 9 are folded in the reverse order to their deployment, the towing boats 20 are lifted aboard, the slip 11 is closed, the vessel is turned forward with the bow forward and the ship is navigated using standard propulsors located in the stern of the vessel.

Then everything repeats.

Claims (3)

1. Self-propelled oil-and-garbage collection vessel containing means for collecting oil and oil products, means for collecting overhead debris, means for separating oil-containing water, tanks for accumulating oil residues and means for dumping purified water into the sea, waste sorting lines and containers for its accumulation, booms, characterized in that the vessel is made seaworthy, while it is equipped with two flexible floating booms up to 1500 m long, installed in the stern of the vessel, equipped with a slip, at the sides of the latter, with a slip equipped with means for receiving overhead debris and / or oil products, and its lower edge is located below the waterline, in addition, flexible floating booms are made in the form of a strip of flexible material, the upper part of which is made with positive buoyancy, and the lower one is equipped with ballast, for example in the form of at least one metal cable attached to it, in addition, the boom is attached to a cable cable, which is electrically connected at one end to a power source installed on the ship and to the other azemno is electrically connected to an actuator motor of small watercraft provided in the form of a tug-boat, remotely controlled from the ship via a cable or a radio channel, the bottom part of which is adapted to rise on its slips. 2. The oil-and-garbage collection vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that in the stern of the vessel there are vertical drums equipped with a rotary drive, fastened to the end of the boom, made with the possibility of winding the latter. 3. The oil-and-garbage collection vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the vessel is equipped with lines for sorting garbage into plastic, materials of plant origin, for example wood or algae, non-combustible materials, such as metal and glass, and means for their disposal and / or compaction installed before containers for the accumulation of garbage.

Images