RU2649283C1 - Method to rescue crew of light helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aircraft engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aircraft engineering, particularly to aircraft crews rescue methods. Method to rescue the crew of a light helicopter is to secure the rescue system from the bottom of the helicopter, the parachute is led backward, in the opposite direction to the movement of the helicopter, and aside to exclude the probability of its falling into the main rotor and the tail rotor. Chosen is such a length of the connecting link between the parachute and the bearing slings attached to the helicopter bearing elements that ensures opening of the parachute outside the range of the main rotor and the tail rotor. Selected are attachment points of the bearing slings on the outer sides of the helicopter fuselage and the front landing gear of the chassis in order to provide a dive moment forcibly turning the helicopter and positioning its tail beam forward along the movement direction. After the helicopter overturn due to the open parachute a stable lowering of the helicopter is provided with its tail beam downwards.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of the method to rescue the crew of a light helicopter is provided.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for saving the crew of a light helicopter in the event of an emergency with loss of control in an uncontrolled fall.

Most of the known methods for rescuing a helicopter boil down to blocking the impact of the rotor on the parachute, which is achieved by installing a parachute on top of the rotor or from the bottom and including in the connection between the rotating rotor and the parachute an additional element that protects the parachute lines from twisting. Often, however, the implementation of the rescue system is required when the rotor has already separated from the helicopter when the elements of the carrier system are destroyed, the helicopter loses speed and its bearing capacity or stops. Thus, such an arrangement of the rescue system is ineffective.

For example, there is a method for rescuing a helicopter using a parachute system (RF patent No. 2203837, 05/10/2003), located on the rotor shaft above the blades, for which a bearing is mounted on the rotor shaft above the rotor blades, the parachute system and the bearing are placed in a streamlined the casing, while the parachute is placed above the bearing, the parachute slings are attached to the outer bearing cage, made stationary, the parachute is equipped with a rocket for accelerated output of the canopy of the parachute, when the helicopter is rescued, the rotor shaft is locked, steam is withdrawn and implementing the landing of the helicopter.

The disadvantages of this method, in addition to the above low efficiency, is the complexity of the technical solution of the device for locking the rotor shaft.

The helicopter rescue methods according to the Chinese patent No. 1084473, 03/30/1994, US patent No. 2812148, 11/05/1957 also have similar disadvantages.

A known method of rescuing a helicopter (RF patent No. 2130873, 05/27/1999), adopted as the closest analogue to the claimed solution, namely, that the helicopter is lowered using a parachute discharged by a rocket connected with a parachute, while the helicopter by force so that the screw is at the bottom, the rocket with the parachute after that is brought out mainly upwards, while providing a break in the connection between the parachute and the rocket when the parachute slings are pulled, the force action to flip the helicopter is carried out by placing additional missiles on the sides of the helicopter with a different direction of exit of the products of fuel combustion.

The disadvantages of this method can be considered the need to place additional missiles on the helicopter, ensuring its revolution, which complicates the design in terms of the need for accurate calculation of the location of the main and additional missiles, the need to perform several actions to launch the rescue system, which delay can lead to disaster. Another disadvantage is that the helicopter is lowered by the rotor down, which leads to adverse negative overloads acting on the crew from the legs to the head, which increases the likelihood of injury to the crew upon landing. Thus, this method has insufficient efficiency to save the helicopter crew.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of saving the crew of a light helicopter by ensuring minimal overloads in the direction favorable for the crew when the helicopter lands with the tail boom down.

The technical result is achieved by using the method of rescue of the crew of a light helicopter, which consists in the fact that the rescue system is mounted at the bottom of the helicopter, the parachute is pulled back, in the opposite direction to the movement of the helicopter, and to the side, to exclude the likelihood of it getting into the main and tail rotors, choose this length the connecting link between the parachute and the power slings attached to the power elements of the helicopter, in order to ensure the opening of the parachute outside the range of the main and tail rotors, select the point mounting of power lines on the outer sides of the helicopter fuselage and nose landing gear for diving moment, the rolling force helicopter tail boom forward in the direction of travel, after the coup of the helicopter due to opening of the parachute provide steady lowering of the tail boom of the helicopter down.

The claimed significant features of the solution make it possible to minimize the likelihood of interaction between the connecting lines and the elements of the rescue system with the rotor and tail rotor blades of the helicopter, which ultimately creates a back-chest overload direction that is favorable for a person and reduces the risk of injury to the crew. In this case, the helicopter gradually descends, starting with the deformation of the tail boom, which also reduces the adverse load on the crew.

In FIG. 1a shows a light helicopter in flight; FIG. 1b shows a light helicopter when launching a parachute; FIG. 1c is a light helicopter at the beginning of a diving moment, in FIG. 1d - light helicopter after a coup when lowering to the ground.

The helicopter 1 has a container of the rescue system 2 attached to the bottom of its fuselage. Power slings of fastening 3 of the rescue system 2 to the helicopter 1 are attached to the power elements of the helicopter at several points 4 located on both sides of the helicopter 1 above and below its center of mass (Fig. 1a). With the introduction of the rescue system 2, located below the fuselage of the helicopter 1, the parachute 5 is forcibly brought back, in the opposite direction to the movement of the helicopter, and to the side, to eliminate the likelihood of it falling into the bearing 6 and steering 7 screws. After tensioning the power lines of the fastening 3, the connecting element of the rescue system 8 and the line 9 of the parachute 5n, it begins to fill and creates a dive moment, turning the helicopter 1 with the tail boom 10 forward in the direction of travel (Fig. 1b, 1c.). After filling the parachute 5, the helicopter 1 brakes, turns over and takes the position of the tail boom 10 down (Fig. 1d). Then there is a steady descent of the helicopter 1 tail boom 10 down. The surface of the earth is touched by the tail boom 10, which will deform and collapse under the influence of loads, extinguishing kinetic energy and smoothly reducing the vertical speed and current overloads. Landing on the tail boom 10 also provides a human-friendly direction for the effect of overloads from the back to the chest. After the destruction of the tail boom 10, the remaining load will be perceived by the fastening elements of the engine to the fuselage of the helicopter.

To reduce the likelihood of crew injuries, airbags can be installed in the backs of crew seats.

Thus, this method uses only a standard parachute, which, due to the original fastening of power lines on the helicopter fuselage, which requires a minimum of actions from the crew in a stressful situation when detecting a helicopter malfunction and ultimately improves the efficiency of the crew rescue system at a helicopter flight height exceeding a value equal to the sum of the lengths of the helicopter, the connecting element and the sling of the parachute.

Claims (2)

1. The way to rescue the crew of a light helicopter, which consists in the fact that the rescue system is mounted at the bottom of the helicopter, the parachute is pulled back, in the opposite direction to the movement of the helicopter, and to the side, in order to exclude the possibility of it getting into the main and tail rotors, choose this length of the connecting link between with a parachute and power slings attached to the power elements of the helicopter, to ensure the parachute is opened outside the area of the main and tail rotors, the attachment points of the power slings on the outside of the fuselage are selected the helicopter and the front landing gear to ensure a diving moment, forcibly turning the helicopter tail boom forward in the direction of travel, after the helicopter flips due to the open parachute provide a stable lowering of the helicopter tail boom down. 2. The crew rescue method according to claim 1, consisting in the fact that airbags are installed in the backs of the crew seats.

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