RU2647904C1 - Method of production of the vermicompost on the basis of chicken manure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to biotechnology and agriculture and can be used during processing of waste from the poultry industry, as well as to improve the fertility of soils and increase the productivity of agroecosystems. Method of production of vermicompost includes disinfection of chicken manure with 0.01% colloidal solution of silver ions to the moisture content of 85-90%. Following preparation of the mixture is carried out with the following ratio of components, WT%: disinfected chicken manure - 50, sand - 10, sawdust - 30, soil - 10. At the substrate moisture content of 75-80%, the population of the compost worm Eisenia fetida is introduced in the amount of 1,500-2,000 species per 1 m². Vermicomposting is carried out for 60-70 days, then the vermicompost is separated from the biomass of the worms by sifting.

EFFECT: technical result is the production of environmentally safe organic fertilizer, which ensures the increase in the yield and quality of spring wheat.

1 cl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to biotechnology and agriculture and can be used in the processing of poultry industry waste, as well as to improve soil fertility and increase the productivity of agroecosystems.

There is a method of vermicomposting, in which mixtures based on manure and cellulose-containing filler (peat, straw, sawdust, etc.) are used as a substrate for vermiculture (Morev Yu.B. Artificial breeding of earthworms. - Frunze, 1990. - 62 s .).

The disadvantage of this method is the high clogging of manure with helminths and pathogenic microflora and the low content of mineral nutrition elements.

A known method of producing vermicompost (No. 2570565 (RU) dated 07/29/2014), including the use of leaf litter and introduction of the compost worm Eisenia fetida into the substrate, characterized in that the litter of poplar Populus nigra, which is mixed with horse peat in the ratio 1: 8 by weight, add water until a moisture content of 70-80% is reached, a population of Eisenia fetida is added to the resulting substrate at the rate of 20% of the dry weight of the substrate and vermicompost for 25-30 days.

However, this method is quite time-consuming and seasonal, since it requires the stage of collecting leaf litter in the autumn period and its storage.

The closest in technological essence and the achieved effect (prototype) is a composition for the production of vermicompost based on pine bark and chicken manure (No. 2480439 (RU) from 09/19/2011).

The composition for the production of vermicompost consists of woodworking waste and chicken manure. As waste from the woodworking industry, chopped up to 1-2 mm pine bark is used in the ratio, wt. %: pine bark - 25, chicken manure - 75. The introduction of pine bark into chicken manure promotes disinfection of the substrate for subsequent vermicomposting, optimizes the pH of the mixture to a neutral environment and provides faster processing of the substrate by worms.

However, this method has a number of disadvantages, among which it should be noted that for crushing the pine bark, special equipment is required and the use of precisely pine bark significantly reduces the demand for the invention.

The task of the invention is to obtain vermicompost based on chicken manure.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the method for producing vermicompost based on chicken manure includes disinfecting chicken manure with a 0.01% colloidal solution of silver ions to a moisture content of 85-90% (based on the fact that 40 kg of manure with a humidity of 60-65% requires 40 -45 l of a 0.01% colloidal solution of silver ions, respectively) and subsequent preparation of the mixture in the following ratio of components, wt. %: disinfected chicken droppings - 50, sand - 10, sawdust - 30, soil - 10. The moisture content of the substrate before vermicomposting should be 75-80%. Then make a population of compost worm Eisenia fetida in the amount of 1500-2000 individuals per 1 m ² . Vermicomposting is carried out for 60-70 days, then vermicompost is separated from the biomass of worms by sifting.

Colloidal silver ions in solution reduce the microbial, virucidal and fungicidal activity of litter by 85 ± 5%. Due to this, an environmentally friendly fertilizer is obtained. The use of vermicompost obtained by the technological population of the worm Eisenia fetida allows one to increase the level of humification of the organic substance introduced into the soil, which serves as a powerful impetus for the activation of soil microorganisms.

Examples of the implementation of the claimed product

Example 1

The use of vermicompost obtained after processing by the compost worm Eisenia fetida population, a mixture in the ratio of components, wt. %: disinfected chicken droppings - 50, sand - 10, sawdust - 30, soil - 10 and 75% moisture in a field experiment on leached chernozem contributes to increased soil fertility, which leads to an increase in grain productivity of soft spring wheat of Iren variety and to improve grain quality. The introduction of vermicompost at a dose of 5 t / ha before sowing contributes to an increase in crop yield up to 25 c / ha, with 20 c / ha under control (without making vermicompost). There is also an increase in the protein content in the grain: 19.3% in the experiment and 17.5% in the control.

Example 2

The introduction of vermicompost, obtained analogously to example 1, at a dose of 2 t / ha before sowing soft spring wheat of the Ireni variety in a field experiment on leached chernozem contributes to an increase in crop yield up to 22 c / ha, at 20 c / ha on control (without applying vermicompost). There is also an increase in the protein content in the grain: 17.9% in the experiment and 17.5% in the control.

A comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the known allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

The result is expressed in the production of environmentally friendly organic fertilizer, which provides increased productivity and improved technological qualities of soft spring wheat.

Claims (1)

Method for the production of vermicompost, characterized in that it includes disinfection of chicken manure by introducing a 0.01% colloidal solution of silver ions to a moisture content of 85-90% and further preparing the mixture in the following ratio of components, wt. %: disinfected chicken droppings - 50, sand - 10, sawdust - 30, soil - 10, with a substrate moisture content of 75-80%, a population of compost worm Eisenia fetida in the amount of 1500-2000 individuals per 1 m ^{2 is} introduced.