RU2634045C2 - Vegetable raw material processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: vegetable raw material processing device containing a distillation chamber for vegetable raw materials, mounted with a steam generator containing a furnace mounted inside the pipe that is connected to the steam distributor made in the form of equidistant steam conducting rods with uniformly spaced holes throughout the length set in the distillation chamber, a cooling system connected to the florentine. Herewith the device has a multi-tier modular design: the distillation chamber is installed on the steam generator and connected to it by conical nozzles with elastic washers. In the bottom of the distillation chamber, connecting bushings with threaded holes and with screwed steam rods are made, and a refrigerator is placed on its lid.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the productivity of the device due to the increase in yield, quality and elimination of oil loss due to its volatilization during the charging of raw materials, steadiness of steaming throughout the chamber, and to reduce fuel consumption due to the thermal insulation of the chamber.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to essential oil production and can be used to produce essential oils in the organization of small enterprises for processing the mass of any essential oil raw materials, primarily for distillation of essential oils from coniferous woody greens and bark.

A known installation for the extraction of essential oils, containing a sealed container, a steam boiler, a refrigerator and Florentine, while the bubblers are installed in the sealed container, the sealed container is additionally equipped with a steam pipe on the inside of the container and a central steam pipe, while bubblers are placed on the central steam pipe, and the container is equipped with hollow annular stops with nozzles and a pulsator, and the springs are fixed on the nozzles, on which the loading metal disks rest, wheel are designed as a corrugated plate with a circular continuous circumferential edges and holes on the rest surface (Patent RU 2491327 C1, IPC S11V 02/09, publ. 27.08.2013).

The disadvantage of this installation is a complex structural device and lack of mobility.

A known plant for processing green fir containing a sealed container, a steam boiler, steam pipelines, a refrigerator and Florentine, the sealed container contains a rotor cantilever mounted in the bearing assembly with radial bubblers attached to it in one plane in the form of tubes sealed at the ends with diametrical openings in opposite directions, while the sealed housing is made in the form of a truncated cone (RU 2221843 C1, IPC C11B 9/00, C11B 9/02, publ. 20.01.04).

A disadvantage of the known device is the low oil yield and lack of mobility.

Known pilot plant for processing vegetable raw materials, taken as a prototype of the invention, containing a distillation chamber for vegetable raw materials, having a common wall with a steam generator containing a furnace installed inside, the pipe of which is located in the steam heater, the steam generator is connected to a steam distributor, made in the form of equidistant steam conducting rods with evenly spaced throughout the entire length of the holes installed in the distillation chamber for plant materials containing cassettes for laying ra of raw materials, a cooling system connected to the steam generator by a pipeline for replenishing the latter with hot water, while it additionally contains a pipe installed in the upper part of the distillation chamber, connected to the steam pipe leaving the steam generator, a container for concentrating bottoms condensate is installed in the steam generator, and a Florentine water collector and the cooling system are connected to a steam generator for feeding the latter additionally containing the dissolved fraction of the essential oil with water (RU 2278155 C1, IPC C1 1B 9/02, publ. 06/20/06).

The disadvantage of this device is the volatilization of the essential oil during additional loading into the chamber of raw materials after shrinkage, uneven processing of raw materials in the entire chamber and the lack of mobility.

The invention solves the problem of reducing the duration of the distillation of essential oil, increasing its yield, reducing fuel consumption and improving the mobility of the installation.

The technical result consists in increasing the productivity of the installation by increasing the yield, quality and eliminating the loss of oil due to its volatilization during reloading of raw materials, the uniformity of steam treatment in the entire volume of the chamber, as well as the reduction of fuel consumption due to thermal insulation of the chamber.

The specified technical result is achieved as a result of the fact that in an installation containing a distillation chamber for vegetable raw materials mounted with a steam generator containing a furnace installed inside the pipe, which is connected to a steam distributor made in the form of equidistant steam conducting rods with holes evenly spaced along the entire length, installed in the distillation chamber, a cooling system connected to the Florentine, and it has a modular multi-tiered design: the distillation chamber is installed and steam and is connected with it cone nozzles with washers, and in the bottom of the distillation chamber formed connecting holes screwed steam manifold, and at its cap top has a refrigerator and Florentin, and the steam manifold are cylindrical with a threaded sealing washer made of a fluoroplastic and a heat-resistant rubber. The distillation chamber for thermal insulation has double walls for backfilling with sand.

An increase in the productivity of the output of essential oil is achieved by eliminating its loss due to volatilization due to additional loading of the raw material after shrinkage, reducing the oil stay in the working area and improving the processing of the raw material with steam due to its supply through steam distributors. Fuel consumption is reduced due to a reduction in heat loss due to the thermal insulation of the chamber due to its insulation with sand.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an installation for the integrated processing of plant materials; in FIG. 2 - steam generator - top view; in FIG. 3 - threaded connection of steam distributors; in FIG. 4 - conical pipe.

The plant for the complex processing of vegetable raw materials consists of a boiler 1 with a furnace 2 built-in and washed from all sides and a damper 3. The furnace pipe 4 is located in the boiler 1, which is connected by conical pipes 5, through washers 6 with steam distribution holes 7 in the lower part of the distillation chamber 8 , with steam conducting rods 9 located therein with openings along the entire length for supplying steam. At the top of the distillation chamber 8 there is an opening with a conical nozzle 10 for connection with the refrigerator 11. Vegetable raw materials are loaded along the rods as guides. The steam comes from the openings of the steam conducting rods 9 connected by the nozzles 5 to the boiler 1. In the lid 13 of the chamber 8 there is a conical nozzle 10 through which the steam-oil mixture from the distillation chamber 8 is sent to the refrigerator 11 cooled by cold water. The refrigerator 11 is connected to Florentine (not shown). The grid 14 separates the plant material from the condensate. The boiler 1 is mounted on supports 15. The lining of the distillation chamber is filled with sand 16.

Installation works as follows. The crushed vegetable raw materials are stacked alternately in the distillation chamber 8 on the net 14. Upon filling the distillation chamber 8 with raw materials, it is closed by a lid 13 and the raw materials are steamed through steam distributors 9. The steam generated in the boiler 1 during fuel combustion in the furnace 2 enters the steam distributors 9 through nozzles 5, washers 6 and steam distribution openings 7 in the distillation chamber 8. The raw materials loaded into the distillation chamber 8 are processed through the openings 12 in the steam distributors 9, in in connection with which the compaction of the working mass is achieved. The uniform processing of the entire mass of raw materials reduces the residence time of the essential oil in the working area, reduces the course of oxidative and polycondensation transformations of terpenoids, which shortens the duration of distillation and increases the yield and quality of the oil. Steam, trapping oil from the surface of the particles, enters the cooling system 11 through the nozzle 10, in which the steam-oil mixture condenses and the condensate formed enters Florentine (not shown), where it is separated into essential oil and Florentine water. The steam generator is boiler 1 and furnace 2 is mounted on supports 15. A grid 14 separates the plant material from condensate. The lining of the distillation chamber is filled with sand 16, which reduces fuel consumption.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for the integrated processing of plant materials, containing a distillation chamber for plant materials, mounted with a steam generator containing a furnace installed inside the furnace with a pipe that is connected to a steam distributor, made in the form of equally spaced steam conducting rods with holes evenly spaced along the entire length installed in the distillation chamber , a cooling system connected to Florentine, characterized in that it has a multi-tiered modular design: the distillation chamber is mounted on rogenerator and connects to it tapered nozzles with elastic washers, and in the bottom of the distillation chamber formed connecting sleeves with threaded holes and screwed paroprovodyaschimi rods, and placed at its lid refrigerator. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the steam conducting rods have a cylindrical shape, closed on top, with a thread on the bottom. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing washers are made of heat-resistant rubber and fluoroplastic.

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