RU2630625C1 - Method of gas production in a gas generator and gas generator (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method of gas formation in the gas generator based on combustion of the fuel components, the production of combustion products, and the mixing of the ballasting gas with the combustion products is that the resulting stream of combustion products is directed along the axis of the combustion chamber, at the same time a vortex gaseous envelope from the ballast gas around the directionally moving flow of combustion products, after mixing the combustion products with the ballasting gas, the parameters of the resulting mixture are determined, on the basis of which the ballasting gas consumption is corrected. The vortex gaseous envelope of the ballasting gas in the initial part of the movement is separated from the combustion products of the fuel components, and mixing of the combustion products with the ballasting gas is carried out after its heating.

EFFECT: increasing the reliability of the gas generator due to the simultaneous ignition of fuel components and the formation of a vortex shell from the ballasting medium, increasing the efficiency of the gas generator by adjusting the ballasting medium consumption, reducing the overall dimensions of the combustion chamber by creating a vortex shell from the ballasting medium.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to power engineering, and in particular to methods of forming gas and the design of devices for generating gas.

One of the problems currently facing the technical field is the problem of the efficiency of power plants with a gas generator, increasing their efficiency and reliability, reducing the metal consumption of the structure.

A known method of generating steam in a steam and gas generator and a device for its implementation, comprising a combustion chamber, an ignition device, an evaporation chamber (see RF patent No. 2371594 of 02/11/2008, class IPC F02C 6/00).

A known method of generating gas in a gas generator and a device for its implementation, containing a combustion chamber, an ignition device (see RF application No. 2013107656 of 02.20.2013, class IPC F02C 6/00 - prototype).

A common disadvantage of the known methods of generating gas and technical devices for its implementation is the low resistance to failure (low reliability), their lack of efficiency, low efficiency at high thermal loads on structural elements.

The technical problem solved by the invention is:

- improving the reliability of the gas generator due to the simultaneous ignition of the fuel components and the formation of a vortex shell from the ballast medium, which in turn provides protection against overheating (burnout) of the device structure at startup, and also prevents the combustion process from attenuating;

- increase the efficiency of the gas generator by adjusting the flow rate of the ballasting medium in order to obtain the necessary output parameters of the resulting mixture in the gas generator;

- reducing the overall dimensions (length) of the combustion chamber due to the creation of a vortex shell from a ballast medium.

This technical problem is solved in that in the known method of generating gas in a gas generator based on burning fuel components, producing combustion products and mixing the ballast medium with the combustion products, according to the invention, the resulting stream of combustion products is directed along the axis of the combustion chamber, at the same time in the chamber combustion form a vortex shell of the ballast medium around a directionally moving flow of combustion products, after mixing the combustion products with the ballast medium predelyayut parameters obtained mixture, whereby the corrected consumption ballasting medium; in addition, the vortex shell of the ballasting medium in the initial section of the movement is separated from the combustion products of the fuel components, and the mixing of the combustion products with the ballasting medium is carried out after it is heated.

The method is implemented in a device containing combustion and mixing chambers, the ignition device according to the invention, the input of the ballast medium is located in the initial part of the combustion chamber and is made in the form of an insert with spiral nozzle channels, the channels have a rectangular section profile, and detection sensors are installed in the mixing chamber parameters of the resulting mixture, and at the entrance of the supply line of the ballasting medium into the combustion chamber, a flow regulator is installed; in addition, a cylindrical or conical sleeve is installed in the initial portion of the combustion chamber such that a gap is formed between the inner surface of the wall of the combustion chamber and the outer surface of the wall of the sleeve.

A possible embodiment of the device for implementing the method is a gas generator containing combustion and mixing chambers, an ignition device according to the invention, a cylindrical or conical sleeve is installed in the initial section of the combustion chamber so that a gap is formed between the inner surface of the wall of the combustion chamber and the outer surface of the wall of the sleeve, moreover, spiral channels are made on the outer surface of the sleeve, and sensors for determining the parameters of the resulting mixture are installed in the mixing chamber, By the way, a flow regulator is installed at the inlet of the supply line of the ballast medium to the combustion chamber.

The indicated set of features exhibits new properties, namely, due to it it is possible to increase the reliability and resistance to failure during operation of the gas generator by simultaneously firing the fuel components and forming a vortex shell from the ballast medium, as well as by separating the combustion products of the fuel components from the vortex shell of the ballast medium in the initial section of the combustion chamber, which in turn provides protection against overheating (burnout) of the device and starting and preventing attenuation of the reaction of the combustion process; increasing the efficiency of the gas generator by adjusting the flow rate of the ballasting medium in order to obtain the necessary output parameters of the resulting mixture in the gas generator; reducing the overall dimensions (length) of the combustion chamber due to the creation of a vortex shell from a ballast medium in it.

A diagram of the proposed device is shown in FIG. 1 (Schematic diagram of a gas generator), FIG. 2 (Schematic diagram of a gas generator using a cylindrical sleeve without channels), FIG. 3 (Schematic diagram of a gas generator using a conical sleeve without channels), FIG. 4 (Schematic diagram of a gas generator using a cylindrical sleeve with spiral channels) and FIG. 5 (Schematic diagram of a gas generator using a conical sleeve with spiral channels), where:

1 - gas generator;

2 - a combustion chamber;

3 - mixing chamber;

4 - oxidizer supply line;

5 - fuel supply line;

6 - ignition device;

7 - supply line ballasting medium;

8 - insert with spiral nozzle channels;

9 - spiral nozzle channels;

10 - cylindrical or conical sleeve;

11 - a cylindrical or conical sleeve with spiral channels;

12 - spiral channels;

13 - a system for measuring parameters of combustion products;

14 - automatic process control system (APCS);

15 - flow regulator ballasting medium.

The gas generator (Fig. 1) 1 consists of a combustion chamber 2, a mixing chamber 3, supply lines of oxidizer 4 and fuel 5, an ignition device 6. Ballasting medium is supplied to combustion chamber 2 along line 7. An insert 8 is installed at the initial section of combustion chamber 2 with by spiral nozzle channels 9. In the mixing chamber 3, a system for measuring 13 parameters of combustion products is installed. The system 13 is connected to the control system 14, which is then connected to the flow regulator 15.

In the second embodiment of the gas generator, in contrast to the first embodiment (Fig. 1), at the initial stage of the combustion chamber 2, a cylindrical (Fig. 2) or conical (Fig. 3) sleeve 10 is installed so that between the inner surface of the wall of the combustion chamber 2 and the outer surface the walls of the sleeve 10, a gap is formed.

Variants of the design of the device are possible, in which, unlike the first embodiment of the gas generator, there is no insert 8 with spiral nozzle channels 9, and instead of a cylindrical (Fig. 2) or conical (Fig. 3) sleeve 10 in the combustion chamber 2, a cylindrical (Fig. 4 ) or conical (Fig. 5) sleeve 11 with spiral channels 12.

The operation of the gas generator (Fig. 1) is as follows. On highways 4 and 5, the fuel components are fed into the combustion chamber 2 of the gas generator 1, where, using the ignition device 6, the mixture of fuel components is ignited. The combustion products move along the axis of the combustion chamber 2. Simultaneously with the ignition of the components, a ballasting medium is fed into the insert 8 with spiral nozzle channels 9 along the line 7. The ballast medium passes through the insert 8 with spiral nozzle channels 9 having a rectangular section profile, and then enters the chamber combustion 2, forming a vortex shell. The trajectory of the vortex shell consists of two components. First, after a spiral supply, the vortex shell moves along a spiral cylindrical trajectory, and then along the axis of the combustion chamber 2, along with the moving flow of combustion products. The mixture of combustion products with the ballast medium occurs due to the process of turbulization in the mixing chamber 3 after heating the ballast medium. After mixing the combustion products and the ballasting medium in the mixing chamber 3, the parameters of the resulting mixture are measured using system 13. Next, the system 14 analyzes the results of the measurements of the parameters of the obtained mixture, based on which the flow rate of the ballasting medium is adjusted using the flow regulator 15.

In the second embodiment of the gas generator, in contrast to the first embodiment, the cylindrical (Fig. 2) or conical (Fig. 3) sleeve 10 is located in the combustion chamber 2, which separates the combustion products from the vortex shell at the initial stage of movement, which allows to increase the failure resistance and increase the reliability of the gas generator.

The principle of operation of the gas generator according to possible variants of the device design (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), in which the vortex shell of the ballasting medium in the initial section of the motion is separated from the combustion products of the fuel components, and the mixing of the combustion products with the ballasting medium is carried out after it is heated, it differs from principle of operation according to the first design variant. In these embodiments of the device, there is no insert 8 with spiral nozzle channels 9, and instead of a cylindrical (Fig. 2) or conical (Fig. 3) sleeve 10, a cylindrical (Fig. 4) or conical (Fig. 5) sleeve 11 is installed in the combustion chamber 2 with spiral channels 12. When using these design options, the ballast medium along line 7 is fed into the cavity of the gas generator between the inner surface of the wall of the combustion chamber 2 and the outer surface of the wall of the sleeve 11 with spiral channels 12. In this case, the vortex shell forms is due to the movement of the ballasting medium along the spiral channels 12 of the cylindrical or conical sleeve 11.

In the above embodiments of the design of the gas generator, both liquid and gas can be used as ballasting medium, depending on the requirements for the output product of the gas generator.

Thus, the use of the invention improves the reliability of the gas generator due to the simultaneous ignition of the fuel components and the formation of a vortex shell from the ballast medium, which in turn provides protection against overheating (burnout) of the device structure at startup, and also prevents attenuation of the reaction of the combustion process; increase the efficiency of the gas generator by adjusting the flow rate of the ballasting medium in order to obtain the necessary output parameters of the resulting mixture in the gas generator; to reduce the overall dimensions (length) of the combustion chamber due to the creation of a vortex shell from a ballast medium in it.

Claims (5)

1. A method of generating gas in a gas generator based on the combustion of fuel components, production of combustion products and mixing of the ballast medium with the combustion products, characterized in that the resulting stream of combustion products is directed along the axis of the combustion chamber, at the same time a vortex shell of ballast is formed in the combustion chamber medium around a directionally moving flow of combustion products, after mixing the combustion products with a ballasting medium, the parameters of the resulting mixture are determined based on adjust consumption ballasting environment. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the vortex shell of the ballasting medium in the initial section of the movement is separated from the combustion products of the fuel components, and the mixing of the combustion products with the ballasting medium is carried out after it is heated. 3. A gas generator for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a combustion and mixing chamber, an ignition device, characterized in that the inlet of the ballasting medium is located in the initial part of the combustion chamber and is made in the form of an insert with spiral nozzle channels, the channels having a rectangular section profile, and sensors for determining the parameters of the resulting mixture are installed in the mixing chamber, and a flow regulator is installed at the inlet of the supply line of the ballasting medium to the combustion chamber. 4. The gas generator according to claim 3, characterized in that a cylindrical or conical sleeve is installed in the initial section of the combustion chamber so that a gap is formed between the inner surface of the wall of the combustion chamber and the outer surface of the wall of the sleeve. 5. A gas generator for implementing the method according to claim 2, comprising a combustion and mixing chamber, an ignition device, characterized in that a cylindrical or conical sleeve is installed in the initial section of the combustion chamber so that a gap is formed between the inner surface of the wall of the combustion chamber and the outer surface of the wall of the sleeve a gap, moreover, spiral channels are made on the outer surface of the sleeve, and sensors for determining the parameters of the resulting mixture are installed in the mixing chamber, moreover, at the inlet of the supply line, ballast hydrochloric environment in the combustion chamber flow controller is installed.

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