RU2371594C1 - Method for steam generation in steam-gas-generator and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: fuel components are burnt, water is evaporated, and steam is heated with produced energy, water vortex-like shell is created in combustion chamber with vacuum inside its central area, inside of this area fuel components are burnt, and intense water evaporation and steam heating are carried out after convolution of vortex-like water shell. Suggested method is realised in steam-gas generator, which comprises combustion chamber, ignition device, evaporation chamber, water supply device, in which, according to invention, water supply is installed in upper part of combustion chamber (near head) and is arranged in the form of bush with tangential channels for swirling of water flow and creation of vortex-like shell, and diaphragm is installed in evaporation chamber, made in the form of nozzle located in point of vortex-like water shell curling, besides diaphragm is located with a wide nozzle cut inside evaporation chamber.

EFFECT: improved efficiency, reduced thermal load on elements of device design due to more efficient cooling and design simplification.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to power engineering, and in particular to methods of operation and design of steam and gas generators.

One of the problems currently facing the field of technology is the problem of the efficiency of power plants, increasing their efficiency and reliability.

A known method of operation of a steam and gas generator, in which the working process is carried out in two gas paths with different temperature exhaust streams discharged into a common utilization system in which water vapor is generated (see RF application No. 93 009679/06/008853).

A known method of operation of a combined-cycle plant (steam generator), including burning fuel, heating the working fluid, generating water vapor (see RF patent No. 2174615, class MPK7 F02C 6/18 from 09/12/1996, prototype).

A device is known for producing high-temperature steam (see AS USSR No. 168962), comprising a housing with outlet pipes for a gas-vapor mixture and a burner device located inside.

Known steam and gas generator, comprising a housing with an outlet pipe for a gas mixture, a cylindrical combustion chamber with a burner, a mixing chamber, nozzles, flow swirls (see RF patent No. 2283456 dated 12.20.2004, class IPC F22B 1/22 - prototype) .

A common disadvantage of the known technical devices is their insufficient work efficiency, design complexity and low reliability at high thermal loads of structural elements.

The aim of the proposed technical solution is to eliminate these drawbacks, namely increasing efficiency, reducing thermal loads on the structural elements of the device due to more efficient cooling, simplifying the design.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the known method based on burning fuel components, evaporating water and heating steam due to the energy received, according to the invention, they first form a water vortex-like shell in the combustion chamber with a vacuum inside its central region, components are burned inside this region fuel, and intensive evaporation of water and heating of steam is carried out after coagulation of a vortex-like water shell.

The proposed method is implemented in a steam and gas generator containing a combustion chamber, an ignition device, an evaporation chamber, a water supply device, in which according to the invention a water supply is located in the upper part of the combustion chamber (near the head) and is made in the form of a sleeve with tangential channels for swirling the water flow and forming a vortex-like shell, and a diaphragm is installed in the evaporation chamber, made in the form of a nozzle located at the point of coagulation of the vortex-like water shell, the diaphragm being lozhena wide slice of the nozzle inside the evaporation chamber.

The scheme of the proposed device is presented in the drawing, where:

1) the housing of the combustion chamber;

2) a mixing head;

3) a combustion chamber;

4) a sleeve with tangential holes;

5) nozzle;

6) evaporation chamber;

7) ignition device;

8) a candle;

9) oxidizer supply line;

10) fuel supply line;

11) water supply line;

12) pressure sensor;

13) temperature sensor;

14) high temperature steam output.

A mixing head 2 is connected to the housing 1 on one side and a combustion chamber 3 on the other. A sleeve with tangential openings 4 is located in the upper part of the combustion chamber 3, and a nozzle 5 is cut off into the lower part of the evaporation chamber 6 and connected to the lower part of the chamber combustion 3. In addition, the steam and gas generator is equipped with an ignition device 7 with a candle 8, supply lines of the oxidizing agent 9, fuel 10 and water 11, as well as pressure sensors 12 and temperature 13. The output of high-temperature steam 14 is made in the form of a confuser.

Before starting the operation of the device, the water supply line 11 opens. Water passing through the sleeve with tangential channels 4 is twisted and forms a vortex-like shell in the cavity of the combustion chamber with rarefaction inside its central region (shown in phantom in the drawing).

Then, the components of the mixing head 2 are fed through the lines of the oxidizing agent 9 and the fuel 10. The ignition device 7 ignites them using the spark plug 8. The components are burnt inside the water vortex shell, which significantly reduces the temperature load on the walls of the combustion chamber, which allows to raise the maximum combustion temperature of the components (achieved by their stoichiometric ratio) and thereby increase the efficiency of the installation.

The presence of a diaphragm made in the form of a nozzle 5, with a wide slice directed to the evaporation chamber 6, does not allow the water vortex shell to break down ahead of time, therefore, intense evaporation of water and heating of the steam occur at more gentle temperature loads on the structural elements of the steam and gas generator (after coagulation of the vortex-like water shell ) In addition, with the expansion of the gas in the nozzle 5, its static temperature decreases.

The high-temperature steam heated in the evaporation chamber 6 exits through the outlet device 14 for further consumption.

Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution will allow for more efficient and reliable operation of the gas generator in the absence of complex heat exchange devices.

Claims (4)

1. A method of generating steam in a steam and gas generator, based on the combustion of fuel components, evaporation of water and heating of steam due to the energy received, characterized in that they first form a water vortex-like shell in the combustion chamber with rarefaction inside its central region, fuel components are burned in this area, and intensive evaporation of water and heating of the steam is carried out after coagulation of the vortex-like water shell. 2. A gas and gas generator containing a combustion chamber, a water supply, an ignition device, an evaporation chamber, characterized in that the water supply is located in the upper part of the combustion chamber and is made in the form of a sleeve with tangential channels for swirling the water flow and forming a vortex shell, and in the evaporation chamber set aperture. 3. The steam and gas generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the diaphragm is made in the form of a nozzle and is located at the place of coagulation of the vortex-shaped water shell. 4. The steam and gas generator according to claim 3, characterized in that the diaphragm is located by a nozzle exit into the evaporation chamber.