RU2630040C1 - Gripping device for the silted underwater objects and the method of its use, while performing the lifting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: proposed gripping device for the silted underwater objects lifting and the method of its use. The gripping device contains the horizontal and vertical sections, on the lower parts of which the movable support brackets are provided, with the possibility to form the support prism for the object to be lifted, when these brackets are brought up under it. The vertical sections are made in the form of the tubular rods, which are located in the plan along the circle and have the hinged connection with the corresponding support brackets, each of which has the protuberance, that prevents the bracket from turning in the outer direction. The gripping device is lowered on the underwater object by penetration of vertical rods with unidirectional supporting brackets in silt. To keep the movement, close to rectilinear, use the ballast tanks installed on the periphery of the horizontal section. After penetration of the gripping device to the required depth with the help of the hydraulic power cylinder, choose the internal cargo slings before the support brackets reach the bottom of the lifted object.

EFFECT: improved performance of the gripping device for lifting the silted underwater objects, increase of the underwater technical operations efficiency.

6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, and more particularly to the field of underwater technical and search and rescue operations related to the lifting and moving of underwater natural or sunken man-made objects of arbitrary shape, including silted ones. The “silted” characteristic is understood to mean objects partially or almost completely immersed in silt, so that only their upper part is visible.

Known removable gripper mounted on a ship's hoisting device of floating lifting equipment, included in the "Complex for lifting and transporting sunken submarines and other objects" [1]. Mentioned gripping device is made on a common frame with several rotary drive legs, the shape of which corresponds to the vessel being lifted. The drive legs are spaced on the frame along the length of the vessel to be lifted and are driven individually or jointly by hydraulic cylinders. The latter connect the swivel legs with the frame of the gripping device covering the hull of the sunken ship without crimping it by deepening the swivel legs under its hull.

A disadvantage of the known gripping device is the bulkiness of the gripping legs, associated with the need to provide the required strength in the presence of significant bending moments along the entire length of the legs having a curved shape. The bulkiness of the gripping legs makes it difficult to introduce them into the ground and, therefore, the use of sufficiently powerful hydraulic cylinders is required (a separate hydraulic cylinder for each gripping leg).

A device for capturing a sunken object, described in the patent "A method of performing underwater lifting and transport operations and a device for its implementation" [2]. The specified capture device, taken as a prototype, contains a horizontal section and vertical sections docked to it, on the lower parts of which movable support consoles are provided. The latter are installed in guides in pairs on both sides with the possibility of extension into the hoisting-and-transport device in planes located at an angle of 50-80 ° to the diametrical plane of the hoisting-and-transport device (PTU) with the possibility of forming a support prism for the object to be raised when these consoles are extended. At the same time, nozzles for supplying water under pressure for erosion of the soil are made on the edges of the support consoles introduced under the object to be lifted.

A disadvantage of the known gripping device is the bulkiness of the vertical sections and support consoles in combination with guides and hydraulic cylinders. In addition, the known gripping device is not intended for lifting highly silted small-sized objects of any shape and cannot be effectively used in such conditions.

From the above patent [2] there is also known a method of capturing sunken objects, which consists in the fact that the technical and vocational schools are positioned above the object to be lifted, lowered to the latter and centered relative to the object being lifted. Centering of vocational schools is carried out by moving it mounted on the vertical sections by the lever arms of the centering device after pushing them with hydraulic cylinders towards each other until dynamic contact with the object being lifted is established. Then, the technical training college is lowered until its horizontal section contacts the object being lifted and the latter is captured by simultaneously extending in pairs towards each other until the supporting consoles of the gripping device contact the lower part of this object. After that carry out the lifting of the object.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of capturing highly silted objects due to the difficulties of introducing into the silt massive vertical sections. In this case, the fundamentally possible erosion of the soil throughout the hoisting-and-transport device cannot be provided by the provided nozzles on the edges of the support consoles.

A known method of capturing sunken objects when performing underwater hoisting operations according to the patent "Method for performing underwater hoisting and transport operations and a device for its implementation" [3]. The specified method, taken as a prototype, includes underwater positioning above the lifted object of a vocational school with positive buoyancy and closed in plan along the outer perimeter. The hoisting-and-transport device is lowered onto the object to be lifted, placing it inside a closed circuit with additional centering of the technical vocational school relative to the object due to negative buoyancy. They are fixed at the bottom and capture the object to be lifted by simultaneously extending in pairs towards each other until contact with the lower part of the support consoles of the capture device located in the lower part of the vocational school. Perform ballasting and raise vocational schools with the object to the surface. In this case, the extension of the gripping device consoles, separation from the ground and the initial lifting of the device with the captured object are accompanied by local erosion of the soil under the lifted object with simultaneous suction of the resulting pulp and its supply to the device for separating from water and collecting the solid fraction of the pulp.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of capturing highly silted objects in connection with the impossibility of introducing into the sludge pontoons located on the sides. In this case, the fundamentally possible erosion of the soil throughout the hoisting-and-transport device cannot be provided by the provided nozzles on the edges of the support consoles.

The goal was to provide the possibility of lifting silted underwater objects of any configuration by developing a gripping device and concretizing the method of its use in lifting operations.

The problem is solved in that in the known device, including a gripping device for lifting underwater objects, containing a horizontal section and vertical sections installed along its edges, on the lower parts of which are provided movable support consoles with the possibility of forming a support prism for a lifting object when bringing these under it consoles, vertical sections are made in the form of rods that are arranged in plan in a circle, and the distance between them is chosen smaller compared to the smallest the aritic size of the object to be lifted, with each supporting console connected to a corresponding vertical rod by a hinge having a protrusion that prevents the console from turning in the external direction and with the possibility of turning it to a right angle in the direction of the object to be lifted, while in the hinges perpendicular to their axis, recesses are made and fixing pins are installed so that the vertical rods and the support arms are unidirectional, with eyelets provided on each support arm from the side of the object to be lifted a, to which the end of the provided internal cargo cable is attached, passed through the provided transverse hole in the vertical rod, so that the upper part of each internal cargo cable is separated by a partition, and the aforementioned transverse hole is attached to the internal cargo cable with a rod connected to the fixing pin in the corresponding hinge, above the attachment point of the said rod, each inner cargo cable is passed through the corresponding hole in g of the horizontal section and its upper end are fastened to the protruding rod of the power cylinder, on which a cargo eye is provided, fastened to the body of the power cylinder through a loop of a cable threaded through the provided combined through holes in the rod and body of the power cylinder, while at least a horizontal section is installed three ballast tanks, which are equipped with inlet valves in their upper part, and in the known method of capturing underwater objects for the implementation of their lifting, characterized the fact that a gripping device having a connection with a supplying vessel through a cable-rope is positioned above a lifted object with a small negative buoyancy, lowered onto an underwater object and grasped by bringing the support arms under it, and ballasting is carried out before lifting, the proposed gripping device is lowered onto an underwater the object by deepening vertical rods with unidirectional support consoles in the sludge, while to maintain a movement close to rectilinear, as it appeared of distortions open the inlet valves in the ballast tanks located on the upper part of the horizontal section and close the inlet valves in the ballast tanks on its lower part, and after deepening the gripping device to a depth greater than the height of the object to be lifted, the internal cargo cables are selected using the power hydraulic cylinder until coverage by supporting consoles of the lower part of the lifted object.

The implementation of the vertical sections in the form of rods and their arrangement in plan in a circle in combination with the fact that the distance between them is chosen smaller compared to the minimum overall size of the lifted object facilitates the deepening of the device and allows you to capture objects of any shape.

The presence of a hinge connection between the vertical tubular rods and the corresponding support consoles, on the upper part of which a protrusion interacting with the wall of the tubular rod is provided, and on the other side of the tubular rod wall in the support console there is a recess with a fixing pin, which provide unidirectional vertical rods and support consoles, facilitate deepening the device and allow you to bring the support console below the lifted object.

The installation of an eyelet on each supporting console from the side of the object to be lifted, to which the end of the provided internal cargo cable is attached, passed through the provided transverse hole in the vertical rod, so that the upper part of each internal cargo cable is separated by a partition from the object to be lifted, allowing the cable to be turned by tensioning console in the direction of the lifted object, thereby ensuring its capture.

The attachment to the inner cargo cable of the aforementioned transverse hole of the rod, which is connected with the fixing pin in the corresponding hinge, allows the tension of the specified cable to give the hinge operability for the intended purpose of bringing the console under the object.

Laying each internal cargo cable through the corresponding hole in the horizontal section and fastening its upper end to the protruding rod of the power cylinder allows you to create tension on all these cables using a single power cylinder.

The fastening of the cargo eye to the housing of the power hydraulic cylinder through a loop from a cable threaded through the provided combined through holes in the rod and the housing of the power hydraulic cylinder with the possibility of cutting said loop from the cable when extending the rod, allows you to maintain the weakening of the internal cargo cables in the process of deepening the gripping device and provide the necessary tension cables for gripping and subsequent lifting of the object.

The installation of at least three ballast tanks on the horizontal section, which are equipped with inlet valves in their upper part, allows the grabber to be leveled during the deepening process by creating additional force on the "lagging" side of the deepening due to the outboard water inlet.

In the particular case of connecting vertical rods around the perimeter with reinforcing plates, it is possible to increase the rigidity of the gripping device, and their sharpening in the lower part reduces the resistance to deepening.

In the particular case of ballast containers in the form of sections in a hollow annular cylinder formed by radial sealed partitions, provides a compact device.

In the particular case, the installation of ballast tanks with a total lifting force less than the weight of the gripping device facilitates the positioning and initial deepening of the gripping device.

Operations characterized by the fact that the gripping device is lowered onto an underwater object by deepening vertical rods with unidirectional support consoles into the sludge, while in order to maintain a movement close to rectilinear, inlet valves are opened in ballast tanks located on the upper part of the horizontal section as the distortions appear. and close the inlet valves in the ballast tanks on its lower part, allow for uniform immersion in the sludge of all vertical rods with supporting consoles.

Operations characterized by the fact that after deepening the gripping device to a depth greater than the height of the object to be lifted, internal cargo slings are selected with the help of a hydraulic cylinder until the support consoles reach the lower part of the object to be lifted, they ensure that the object is lifted.

In the particular case, when in the process of deepening the gripping device, a platform vibrator is used, which is pre-installed on the central part of the horizontal section, accelerated immersion in the sludge is provided.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the gripping device; in FIG. 2 shows a portion of a top view of a gripper; in FIG. 3 shows a part of section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 shows the position of the gripper before starting to pick out the inner freight cables; in FIG. 5 shows a General view of the gripping device in the position of partial capture of the lifted object; in FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a gripper in a fully gripped position of a raised object.

The gripping device for lifting the silted underwater objects according to the invention comprises a horizontal section 1 (Fig. 1, 2) and vertical tubular rods 2 (Fig. 3) installed on its edges in a circle in a circle, on the lower parts of which movable support consoles 3 are provided. Distance between the vertical rods 2 is chosen smaller in comparison with the smallest overall size of the object to be lifted, and they are connected by reinforcing plates 4 pointed at the bottom (Figs. 1, 3).

Each vertical rod 2 has a hinge connection 5 (the axis of the hinge is indicated) with a corresponding support console 3, on the upper part of which there is a protrusion 6 that prevents the console 3 from turning in the external direction and with the possibility of its rotation to a right angle in the direction of the object to be lifted (in the central part Fig. 1 two hinged connections with consoles for simplicity are depicted rotated by 30 °). In addition, a recess is made on the top of each support console 3 and a fixing pin 7 is installed in it so that the vertical rods and support consoles are unidirectional. At the same time, on each support console 3 from the side of the object to be lifted, an eye 8 is provided, to which the end of the internal cargo cable 9 is attached.

The inner cargo cable 9 is passed through the provided transverse hole 10 in the wall of the tubular vertical bar 2, so that it is separated from the object to be lifted by a partition (the wall of the tubular vertical bar 2). Above the transverse hole 10, a rod 11 is attached to the cable, connected with the fixing pin 7 in the support console 3. Above the transverse hole 10, the inner cargo cable 9 is passed through the provided holes 12 in the horizontal section 1 and its upper end is fastened to the protruding rod 13 of the power hydraulic cylinder 14.

A cargo eye 15 is mounted on the protruding rod 13, fastened to the power cylinder body by means of a loop of cable 16, which is threaded through the provided combined through holes 17 in the rod and 18 in the power cylinder body. At the same time, at least three ballast tanks 19 are installed on the horizontal section 1, in the upper part of which controllable inlet valves 20 are provided. Ballast tanks can be made in the form of sections in a hollow annular cylinder formed by radial sealed partitions 21 (Fig. 2). On the Central part of the horizontal section 1 can be installed platform vibrator 22.

The gripping device is connected to the supply vessel on the surface via a cable (not shown) and a cargo eye 15. Using this cable, a pump (not shown) is supplied with power of the hydraulic cylinder 14 and controlled intake valves 20, and the subsequent underwater object is lifted .

A method of using the proposed gripping device is as follows. A gripping device connected to the supplying vessel via a cable-rope is suspended by a loop from a cable 16 and a cargo eye 15 on a cargo hook (not shown) due to the hydraulic cylinder 14 (Fig. 1). Next, the device is positioned above the object to be lifted and then lowered to the surface of the soil 23 (Fig. 4), covering the underwater object 24 in plan (as an example, Fig. 4 shows the least convenient for capture natural underwater object 24 such as a large rounded boulder) . The initial deepening of the vertical rods with unidirectional support consoles in the sludge occurs due to the provided small negative buoyancy of the gripping device.

To continue the deepening, the platform vibrator 22 is turned on and the negative buoyancy of the gripping device is increased by letting the seawater into the ballast compartments 19. To maintain close-to-rectilinear motion, inlet valves are opened in ballast tanks located on the upper part of the horizontal section 1 as distortions appear. and close the inlet valves in the ballast tanks on its lower part. As a result, the redistribution of the deepening force occurs, i.e. its increase occurs on the side of the "lagging" rod. In FIG. 4-6, different water levels 25 are conventionally depicted under the assumption that the deepening occurred under conditions of distortions elimination (the right part of the gripping device experienced increased resistance).

After deepening the gripping device to a depth greater than the height of the object to be lifted (Fig. 4), using the hydraulic cylinder 14, internal cargo cables 9 begin to be selected. When tensioned, the rod 11 also moves upward, pulling out the locking pin 7 and thereby freeing the articulated connection 5. As a result of this, the support consoles 3 acquire the ability to rotate in the direction of the raised object 24.

In the process of the initial tension of the internal cargo cables due to the movement of the protruding rod 13, the loop of the cable 16 is cut off. As a result, the gripper is suspended using the internal cargo cables 9 and with their further tension, a partial capture of the lifted object 24 occurs (Fig. 5). Under these conditions, further deepening occurs under the action of an additional force, caused when the power hydraulic cylinder 14 is turned on by “self-tightening” of the gripping device due to engagement with the lifted object 24.

The operation of the power hydraulic cylinder 14 and the platform vibrator 22 is continued until full support by the support consoles 3 of the lower part of the raised object 24 is reached (Fig. 6).

Service of the proposed gripping device can be carried out by a diver, and when used at great depths, it is possible to use an uninhabited underwater vehicle.

The present invention will improve the efficiency of underwater operations in the preparation of lifting or moving heavily silted underwater objects of any configuration. The device and method of its use can be implemented when lifting various underwater objects: the wreckage of a crashed plane or helicopter, emergency underwater vehicles, sunken training torpedoes and mines, underwater antiquities, as well as for moving large boulder stones when cleaning the seabed.

Information sources

1. Pat. 2390460 RF, IPC B63C 7/02, B63C 23/52. Complex for lifting and transporting sunken submarines and other vessels / V.A. Kiselev, V.A. Sidorov, V.G. Fomin et al. 03/24/2009; Publ. 05/27/2010, Bull. No. 15.

2. Pat. 2238876 RF, IPC B63C 7/06. A method of performing underwater lifting and transport operations and devices for its implementation / O.I. Efimov, Decl. 03/11/2001; Publ. 10/27/2004.

3. Pat. 2388648 of the Russian Federation, IPC B63C 7/02, B63C 7/10. A method of performing underwater lifting and transport operations and a device for its implementation / O.I. Efimov, A.V. Krasilnikov, R.V. Krasilnikov, Decl. 01/11/2009; Publ. 05/10/2010, Bull. No. 13.

Claims (6)

1. A gripping device for lifting silted underwater objects, comprising horizontal and vertical sections, on the lower parts of which movable support consoles are provided with the possibility of forming a support prism for the object to be raised when these consoles are brought under it, characterized in that the vertical sections are made in the form of tubular rods , which are arranged in plan in a circle, and the distance between them is chosen smaller compared to the smallest overall size of the object to be lifted, with each vertical the lantern rod and the corresponding support console are hinged, and on the upper part of each support console there is a protrusion interacting with the wall of the tubular rod to prevent the console from turning in the outer direction, and a recess is provided on the other side of the wall of the tubular rod in the support console and a fixing the pin so that the vertical rods and the support arms are unidirectional, with an eye provided on each support arm from the side of the object to be raised, to to which the end of the internal cargo cable is attached, passed through the provided transverse hole in the wall of the vertical tubular rod, so that each upper part of the internal cargo cable is separated by a partition, and the aforementioned transverse hole to the internal cargo cable is attached a rod connected to the fixing pin in the corresponding support console, above the attachment point of the said rod, each inner cargo cable is passed through the corresponding holes in the horizontal section, and its upper end is fastened to the protruding rod of the power cylinder, on which a cargo eye is provided, fastened to the body of the power cylinder by means of a loop from a cable threaded through the provided combined through holes in the rod and the case of the power hydraulic cylinder with the possibility of cutting said loop from the cable when extending the rod, while at least three ballast tanks are installed on the periphery of the horizontal section, inlet valves are installed on the upper parts of which. 2. The gripping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical rods around the perimeter are connected by reinforcing plates pointed at the bottom. 3. The gripping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ballast containers are made in the form of sections in a hollow annular cylinder formed by radial sealed partitions. 4. The gripping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the total lifting force of the ballast tanks is less than the weight of the gripping device. 5. The method of using the gripping device described in Section 1 for silted underwater objects, which consists in positioning a gripping device with a small negative buoyancy that is connected to a vessel that provides a vessel through a cable-rope and lowered above the object to be lifted, lowered onto an underwater object and brought under it supporting consoles carry out a grip for subsequent lifting, characterized in that the gripping device is lowered onto an underwater object by deepening vertical rods with unidirectional and supporting consoles in the sludge, in order to maintain a movement close to rectilinear, as the distortions appear, open the inlet valves in the ballast tanks located on the upper part of the horizontal section and close the inlet valves in the ballast tanks on its lower part, and after deepening the gripper devices to a depth greater than the height of the lifted object, with the help of a power hydraulic cylinder, the internal cargo slings are selected until the support consoles reach the bottom of the lifted object. 6. The method of using the gripping device according to claim 5, characterized in that in the process of deepening the gripping device, a platform vibrator is used, which is pre-installed on the central part of the horizontal section.

Images