RU2626154C1 - Method for fishing saury without nets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves attracting saury by a bait, concentrating by the field of electric current and pouring out the concentrated fish with a fish pump. The illumination of the water surface by light sources fixed along the vessel board is used as the bait. At the attracting stage, lamps of blue-green and white colour, installed at an angle of 45° to the water surface, create the illumination of not more than 700 lux. At the concentration stage, the light sources are equipped with alternating blue-green and red lamps with separate switching of each colour, which create the illumination of not more than 200 lux. The electric current field is formed by three electrodes - two cathodes and an anode fixed above the branch pipe of the fish pump and separated from the cathodes by a distance of no more than 3 m. The potential difference of the electrodes for creating galvanotaxis and galvanonarcosis is maintained as 1-2 V and 2.5-3 V, respectively.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the efficiency of fishing.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the fishing industry, namely to industrial fishing, in particular net fishing for saury using physical methods of attraction.

A known method of fishing with light conical pickup, which is a rigid round or rectangular frame with a mesh web fixed to it in the form of a cone or a pyramid. Fishing by this method is carried out in the following order: the pick-up is lowered by a cargo boom overboard, the fish is transferred from the light board to the working board and concentrated above the pick-up, the pick-up rises above the water and the caught fish is poured out of it into the receiving hopper (I.I. Sidelnikov. Production of Pacific fish and squid into the world. - M.: Light and food industry, 1981, p. 18-19).

The disadvantage of this method is the small area of fishing, low efficiency.

A known method of fishing and marine invertebrates, including setting the pickup, having the form of a net bag, giving it a working form, concentrating the object of fishing with light, lifting and casting the catch, according to the invention, setting the catch is carried out from the stern through a slip, giving it a working form is carried out by the engine on low speeds with minimal angles of attack of the propeller blades, the concentration of the fishing object is carried out in the stern by transferring the fishing object along both sides of the vessel simultaneously from the bow to the stern (see patent RF 2170013, A01K 79/00, 1999).

This method has a certain fishing efficiency by simplifying and increasing the safety of fishing and marine invertebrates.

A device is known for the directed movement of fish when they are caught, based on the creation of a light field that attracts fish to the catching bell of a fish pump (see USSR author's certificate 505413, A01K 79/00, 1974)

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the method of fishing by attracting it with bait using electric current, concentrating the fish in the fishing zone by creating an electric field in the form of a spherical layer, covering the suction area of the fish pump on all sides, and pouring concentrated fish by the fish pump (see USSR certificate 183533, A01K 79/02, 1966).

The disadvantage of this fishing is the need to use special spherical electrodes to create an electric field, while the electrode located inside the sphere is positive. Using a fish pump significantly complicates fishing during the Putin season, as it requires constant preventive inspection and repair.

The technical objective of the claimed method is to increase the effectiveness of fishing due to the synergistic effect of physical methods of attracting and concentrating saury, which allows to increase productivity, technology and organization of fishing.

The problem is solved by the method of net fishing by attracting it with bait, concentration of electric current by the field and pouring concentrated fish by a fish pump, while the illumination of the water surface using light sources mounted along the ship’s side, blue-green, white and red colors is used as bait. at the stage of attraction, light sources of blue-green and white color, which are installed at an angle of 45 ° to the surface of the water and create illumination of not more than 700 lux, at the stage of concentration the light glasses are equipped with alternating blue-green and red lamps with separate switching on of each color and the creation of illumination of no more than 200 lux, and the electric current field is formed by three electrodes - two cathodes and an anode, which is fixed above the fish pump nozzle, and not far from the cathodes more than 3 m with a potential difference of the electrodes to create galvanotaxis and galvanonarcosis support 1-2 V and 2.5-3 V, respectively.

Networkless saury fishing includes the justification and recommendations of the individual stages of fishing and technical units that make up the fishing complex to ensure efficient catching of saury accumulations using electric current and light on the basis of medium tonnage vessels the Alpinist refrigerator seiner-trawler, project 503 (СТР-503).

The method of implementation of the method is a technological process of a networkless method of fishing saury using electric current and light - includes the following main fishing operations:

- preparation of lighting equipment, electrical installations and a fish pump;

- search and attraction of saury to the side of the vessel (by means of saury lights);

- descent of the fish pump and electrodes overboard;

- transfer of a school of fish from the light side to the working one;

- concentration of fish in the area of operation of the fish pump;

- catch of schools of saury.

Hydroacoustic and lighting equipment are used to search for saury accumulations.

Search for jambs of saury at night is performed using a searchlight. The range of the searchlight is not less than 1000 m with an adjustable scattering angle, which allows not only to find jambs, but also subsequently move them closer to the vessel. The search for saury located at a depth of 10-30 m or more, as well as in conditions of poor visibility, is carried out using sonar aids.

To attract fish to the side of the vessel, the illumination of the water surface is carried out by light sources of blue-green and white, which are set at an angle of 45 ° to the surface of the water to obtain the optimal illumination zone. And they create illumination of not more than 700 lux (lux). For the medium-tonnage vessel STR-503, it is optimal to place lighting devices on 22 shots in the ratio of 12 and 10 units on the light and working sides, respectively.

On the light - left - side, on 12 shots, two three-lamp cyrus chandeliers are installed in a row (total number - 24). On the working board, 7 shots are installed on the front of the vessel and are used to transfer fish from the light side. Two cyrus three-lamp chandeliers are also attached to them (number - 14). Another 3 shots are set on board at the level of the working deck. One of them - the central one - is directed perpendicular to the side, two shots at the edges are directed at an angle of 45 ° to the central one. On these shots, two cyrus chandeliers are also attached in a row and at the ends are round six-lamp chandeliers to concentrate saury in the working area of the fishing gear. The light sources are equipped with alternating lamps of blue-green and red colors with the separate inclusion of each color and the creation of illumination of not more than 200 lux (lux),

In fig. 1 - scheme of the method in the field: 1 - water separator; 2 - vacuum fish pump; 3 - suction hoses; 4 - catching device - pipe; 5 - buoys; 6 - focusing light source; 7 - hoisting rope; 8 - cathodes; 9 - cable; 10 - pin

In fig. 2 is a diagram of the installation of shots with chandeliers of surface lighting: 11 - three-lamp cyrus chandeliers arranged in a row of two, 12 - round six-lamp chandeliers for concentration of saury.

Lighting technical equipment is controlled using a remote control system that allows the operator to remotely turn on / off groups of chandeliers or individual chandeliers from a remote control, and adjust the brightness of the glow of chandelier groups.

An electric field is created by three electrodes - two cathodes in the form of steel pipes and an anode - a pin, which is fixed above the branch pipe of the fish pump by means of a steel arc and directed along its axis. As a pin, a metal cylindrical rod is used. The use of a pair of cathodes located along the side of the vessel on opposite sides of the anode allows you to increase the directive zone of action of the electric field. Cathodes are hung overboard using shots. The optimal distance between the cathodes and the anode is 3 m. The potential difference created by the electric field for saury: for galvanotaxis and galvanonarcosis should lie in the ranges of 1-2 V and 2.5-3 V, respectively.

To create a field with the necessary characteristics, a pulse current generator with an adjustable frequency and pulse duration is used. The generated pulse has an exponential form. With a specific resistance of ocean water of 7 Ohm / cm, the pulse frequency generates in the range of 5-90 Hz, the pulse duration is 0.5-2.0 ms, the maximum current in the pulse is 20 A. The power consumption of the generator, depending on the operating conditions, does not exceed 15 kW.

To pump fish on board a vacuum pump is used, installed on the working board of the vessel. As a result of raising the fish with a vacuum pump, there is no damage to the fish due to the absence of mechanically moving parts. At the end of the fishing hose have a catching device - pipe. In accordance with the direction of the lines of tension created by the electric field, the pipe is placed vertically. In order to ensure that the pipe is constantly at the same depth and does not come out of the water during rough seas, it is attached to buoys with buoyancy of at least 55 kg.

Claims (1)

The method of net fishing for saury by attracting it with a bait, concentrating it with an electric current field and pouring out concentrated fish with a fish pump, characterized in that the illumination of the water surface is made using light sources mounted along the side of the vessel, blue-green, white and red colors, while at the stage of attracting light sources, blue-green and white, installed at an angle of 45 ° to the surface of the water, create illumination of not more than 700 lux, at the stage of concentration, the light sources are equipped with alternating blue-green and red lamps with separate switching on of each color and create illumination of not more than 200 lux, and the electric current field is formed by three electrodes - two cathodes and an anode, which is fixed above the fish pump nozzle and is not more than 3 m from the cathodes, the potential difference of the electrodes to create galvanotaxis and galvanonarcosis is supported by 1-2 V and 2.5-3 V, respectively.

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