RU2170013C1 - Fish and sea invertebrate catching method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: commercial fishery. SUBSTANCE: method involves using pickup made in the form of netted sack with semispherical inlet provided with hydrodynamic fins arranged along perimeter of inlet, and enclosure positioned centrally of semispherical inlet; positioning pickup through ship stern slipway; imparting working shape to pickup by providing operation of engine at low rotational speed and minimum angles of attack of screw blades; concentrating object to be caught in stern part of ship by simultaneously transferring mentioned object along both sides of ship from nose to stern part by means of illumination sources. Thus, method is preferably used for catching fish and invertebrates responsive to electric light. EFFECT: simplified method, increased efficiency and improved safety for fishers. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of industrial fishing and can be used for fishing and marine invertebrates that respond positively to electric light, including saury, mackerel, sardines, squid, etc.

 There is a known method of fishing by attracting it with bait using electric current, the concentration of fish in the fishing zone by creating an electric field in the form of a spherical layer, covering the suction area of the fish pump on all sides and pouring concentrated fish by the fish pump (Aut. St. USSR N 183533, cl. A 01 K, 1966).

 The disadvantage of this fishing is the need to use special spherical electrodes to create an electric field, while the electrode located inside the sphere is positive. Using a fish pump significantly complicates fishing during the Putin season, as it requires constant preventive inspection and repair.

 There is also known a method of fishing with light conical pickup, which is a rigid round or rectangular frame with a net fixed to it in the form of a cone or a pyramid. Fishing by this method is carried out in the following order: the pick-up is lowered by a cargo boom overboard, the fish is transferred from the light board to the working board and concentrated on the pick-up, the pick-up rises above the water and the caught fish is poured out of it into the receiving hopper (I.I. Sidelnikov. Production of Pacific fish and squid into the world. - M.: Light and Food Industry, 1981, p. 18-19).

 The main disadvantage of this method is the small area of fishing, and as a result of its low efficiency, especially in rare fish accumulations.

 The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of the number of essential features and the achieved result is the method of fishing and marine invertebrates using an on-board pick-up, which is a net cloth fixed to rebounds with a large sag (in the form of a net bag) and equipped with buoyancy in the upper selection, and on the bottom - loading. The method includes several stages: setting the catch, giving it a working form, attracting the fishing object to the side of the vessel using light sources, transferring the accumulation of the fishing object from the light board to the worker, where the catch is located, its concentration over the side catch, raising the catch and pouring the catch ( VN Melnikov, The device of fishing gears and technology for fishing. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1991, p. 312-314).

The disadvantages of this method include:
- great dependence on the weather and the inability to work when the waves are more than 3 points, since the vessel during operation with pickup is located on board to the wave;
- the impossibility of using large tonnage high-sided vessels, as well as the low efficiency of vessels having a working deck at different levels;
- a high probability of losing most of the catch when transferring fish or marine invertebrates to the working board through the bow or through the stern;
- the high complexity and the risk of injury to fishermen associated with the staging of the side pickup and, especially, with its drying.

 The problem solved by the claimed invention is to increase efficiency, simplify and increase the safety of fishing and marine invertebrates.

 The problem is solved in that in the known method of fishing and marine invertebrates, including setting the catch, having the form of a net bag, giving it a working form, concentration of the object of fishing with light, lifting and pouring the catch, according to the invention, the setting of the catch is carried out from the stern through a slip, giving the working form is produced by operating the engine at low speeds with minimum angles of attack of the rotor blades, the concentration of the fishing object is carried out in the aft by transferring the fishing object along both sides of the court at the same time from the bow to the stern.

 To carry out fishing, a catch is used, equipped with kutz and hydrodynamic plates located around the perimeter of the inlet mouth of the catch, made in the form of a hemisphere. Kutets are located in the center of the hemisphere.

 Pouring of the catch is carried out through the shutter of the pick picker.

 When working from the stern through the slipway, the entire period associated with fishing can be bowed in the wave. As a result, the pitching decreases and, as a result, the chandeliers are less spattered, and the safety of fishermen is increased. The range of effective operation of a medium-tonnage vessel is increased by 1-2 points. To work according to the feed pattern, you can use large-capacity vessels that have a feed slip and have the powerful energy necessary to create an effective light field. The weather range of such vessels is even wider.

 Transferring fish or marine invertebrates along both sides of the vessel simultaneously from the bow to the stern excludes the passage of fish or marine invertebrates from the bow or stern, where they are forced to make a sharp turn on the working board. In practice, when performing this operation, the probability of losing schools of fish or marine invertebrates or a large part of them is rather high. In addition, the time for concentrating fish or marine invertebrates is significantly reduced, which, in the final result, leads to a saving in net fishing time and an increase in the efficiency of the fishing method.

 It is preferable to use a grab as a fishing gear for fish or marine invertebrates, the inlet mouth of which along the perimeter is equipped with hydrodynamic plates located inside the grab.

 Operation of the engine at low speeds with minimal angles of attack of the rotor blades and the presence of hydrodynamic plates allow not only to best open the pickup, but also ensure the integrity of the detected school of fish or marine invertebrates (i.e., it does not scare away the initially discovered congestion of the fishing object).

 The pick-up pickup allows you to cast the catch very quickly, efficiently and with minimal loss.

 The implementation of the method is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a general scheme of fishing, a top view and FIG. 2 - the same, side view, where 1-vessel, 2-attracting chandeliers, 3-pickup, 4-slip boat, 5-cables, 6-concentrating chandeliers, 7-bridles, 8-cable winches, 9-kutets, 10 hydrodynamic plates.

 The method is as follows.

 Vessel 1, equipped with light equipment for searching, attracting and concentrating fish, having detected a school of fish, slows down to a speed of 0.3-0.5 knots, turns on attracting chandeliers 2 from both sides and starts setting up pick-up, working with the engine at low revs with minimal angles of attack of the propeller blades, in such a way that the pickup will take the working form at the time of the meeting of the ship with the jamb. The descent of the pickup is carried out from the stern of the vessel by pulling it through slip 4 using a tie-rod. After the capture in the water, the cables 5, on which the catch is fixed, are led into the fan blocks and etched to the desired length. The catch in this case occupies the position shown in FIG. 2, horizontal opening of the pickup is provided by hydrodynamic plates 10 located around the perimeter of the inlet mouth of the pickup. The vessel continues to move at the above speed, approaching the jamb. Upon entering the school, they monitor the reaction and behavior of the fish, if necessary, reduce the speed of the vessel and perform manipulations with the light. In fresh weather they taxi out with their noses to the wind.

 Having achieved a stable reaction of the fish to light, they begin to transfer it to the stern by gradually turning off the bow chandeliers from both sides simultaneously from the bow to the stern. The translation process ends with the concentration of fish under the concentrating chandeliers 6 located in the stern of the vessel. Next, only the red light chandelier is left turned on, concentrating the fish in a small area, and pick-up sampling is started. At the same time, the sampling speed and the speed of the vessel are regulated so that the pickup approaches the stern of the vessel and leaves the water, covering the maximum possible volume in which the school of fish is concentrated.

 Having selected the cables to the bridles 7, they are discarded from the fan blocks onto slip 4 and the sampling continues until the net part approaches the exhaust drums of the winch 8. Then the net part is slung and the cutter 9 is brought up to the deck with the catch.

 The catch is poured through the dissolved shutter in the back of the cutter, and the catch is prepared for the next setting.

 Immediately after lifting the catch from the water, all the lights are turned on, if necessary, the vessel's stroke is reduced to zero and the expediency of re-setting the trap is determined. When making an affirmative decision, all operations are repeated.

 The inventive method of fishing can be successfully applied not only for fishing, but also for fishing of marine invertebrates, for example, squid. Having discovered clusters of squid, its fishing is carried out similarly to fishing.

 The use of standard trawl equipment in the claimed method allows almost 100% to mechanize the whole process of working with pickups, to make the work of fishermen on deck safe, and to minimize the time required to set and raise the trap and pour the catch. As a result, a larger number of productions can be made during fishing night.

Claims (3)

 1. The method of fishing and marine invertebrates, including setting the catch, having the form of a net bag, giving it a working form and concentration of the object of fishing with light, lifting and casting the catch, characterized in that the setting of the catch is carried out from the stern through a slip, giving the working form is done by work engine at low speeds with minimal angles of attack of the propeller blades, the concentration of the fishing object is carried out in the stern by transferring the fishing object along both sides of the vessel simultaneously from the bow to the stern.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use a pickup equipped with kutz and hydrodynamic plates located around the perimeter of the inlet mouth of the pickup.  3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the casting of the catch is carried out through kutets.

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