RU2378827C1 - Device for fishing and marine invertebrates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, fishing.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises net wall arranged with the possibility to perceive high rupture loads and with the possibility to give it round shape under dynamic loads, for this purpose its shape is arranged as polygonal and symmetrical relative to vertical axis. Larger base of net wall is equipped with upper guard rope with overlaps, and smaller base is equipped with lower guard rope. At the ends of lower guard rope there are concentrated weights fixed detachably, to which loading ropes are attached. Lower guard ropes are fixed with ends of side guard ropes. Side guard ropes are equipped with bridles having clamp rings, through which side clamp ropes are pulled. At least one supporting rope is fixed to upper guard rope. Internal side of net wall is equipped with detachable flat elastic hydrodynamic elements. Length of net wall along upper guard rope is more than width of vessel hull. Device additionally comprises two booms, every of which is installed with the possibility of rotation around vertical stand and variation of angle of inclination of its longitudinal axis to longitudinal axis of vertical stand. Vertical stands are distanced from each other by width of vessel, are equidistant from its stern and are maximally drawn near it. Each boom is equipped with mechanism of fixed rotation in vertical plane and mechanism of rotation around longitudinal axis of stand. Blocks are arranged near free ends of booms, through which ends of side clamp ropes are brought and installed on reels of reversible hoists. Side clamp ropes are pulled through clamp ropes, which are fixed on bridles of side guard ropes and are attached to extreme of it, preferably the one located near lower guard rope. At least one bridle is fixed to lower guard rope, being fixed to pulling rope passed through slip and brought to reversible hoist reel. Loading ropes are brought through blocks, which are preferably located at transom portal, above transom, between board and slip. Some ends of loading ropes are fixed to concentrated weights, and the second ones are installed on reels of reversible hoists. Supporting rope is brought into block arranged above slip, preferably on longitudinal axis of vessel hull. One end of supporting rope is equipped with at least one bridle, ends of which are connected to upper guard rope, and the second one is installed on reel of reversible hoist. Device includes system of all mentioned hoists control, which is arranged with the possibility for hoists to operate as coordinated or non-coordinated. Concentrated weights are connected to lower guard rope by means of quick-detachable joints. Mass of weights exceeds floatability of fishing device.

EFFECT: improved level of mechanisation and automation of works for installation and selection of tacking and its efficiency in use as feed trap, and also improved efficiency of fishing due to reduced possibility of takeoff.

9 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to industrial fishing, and in particular to airborne traps for fishing, and can be used for fishing and marine invertebrates.

Known annular side pickup, which is a net web, planted on rebounds with a large sag. On the upper selection, the pick-up is equipped with overlay, and on the lower selection - loading and coupling rings, through which the coupling cable is passed. The horizontal opening of the pickup is set by the large distance between the blocks through which the hoisting cables are passed (V.P. Melnikov. Arrangement of fishing gears and fishing technology. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1991, pp. 317-318).

The efficiency of using the ring pickup for fishing is very low due to the fact that when fishing, the pickup is at the very side and does not catch fish located evenly over a large area near the surface of the water.

A device for fishing and marine invertebrates is known, comprising a net portion provided with overhangs for the upper selection, and three weights for the lower selection. Rings through which the tie ropes pass are attached to the side rebounds. In the working position, an airborne trap is mounted on the bow and stern shots (Handbook of the captain of a fishing vessel. - M., VO Agropromizdat, 1990, pp. 228-229). This side trap with the help of bow and stern shots moves away from the side by their length and thereby catches fish located evenly over a large area near the surface of the water.

However, the length of the shots is limited and does not allow to open the trap over the entire area on which the fish gather, since the light spreads over a large area (from 30 to 50 m), and, as a result, the fishing efficiency is low. In addition, the known device is intended for onboard fishing and can be used on vessels of a sufficiently large length, however, its use for fodder fishing with the task of setting-hauling through the aft slip will not be effective due to the significantly smaller width of the vessel compared to the length. In addition, fishing with this trap is technically quite complicated, since the strength of the shots is directly dependent on their length. In the case of the manufacture of shots of the order of 30 m, a vessel of small displacement can simply lie on one side.

A device for fishing and marine invertebrates is also known, containing a net wall made with the possibility of perception of high breaking loads and with the possibility of giving it a rounded shape under dynamic loads, for which it is given a polygonal shape symmetrical about the vertical axis, with a larger base of the net wall equipped with an upper selection with weld deposits, and the smaller base is equipped with a lower selection, at the ends of which concentrated loads are removably fixed, to which loading bays are attached ata, and the said rebounds are fastened to the ends of the lateral rebounds, while the lateral rebounds are equipped with bridles with coupling rings through which the lateral coupling cables are passed, at least one supporting cable is attached to the upper selection, in addition, the inner side of the net wall is provided removable flat elastic hydrodynamic elements (see RU 2264098, MKI A01K 73/00, 2004). To ensure the perception of high breaking loads, the net wall can be equipped with a power frame, including at least one vertical and one horizontal vein, the ends of which are fastened with the appropriate selection, contouring the net wall.

The disadvantage of this device is the low level of mechanization and automation of work on setting up and retrieving gear and its insufficient efficiency when used as a feed trap, especially on small vessels, since its disclosure requires its "ejection" from the stern of the vessel up to 50 m (since near the vessel, the tackle is in the “hydrodynamic shadow of the vessel’s hull and the efficiency of the hydrodynamic means of its horizontal opening is close to 0), and this complicates the maneuvering of the vessel during fishing, especially about in the conditions of fishing expeditions, when several vessels simultaneously "work" in a relatively limited space. In this case, the use of the known device for fodder fishing with the task of setting-hauling through the fodder slip will not be effective due to the significantly smaller width of the vessel compared to the length, while due to the proximity of the size of the gear to the dimensions of the width of the vessel during preliminary concentration (for example, light) of fishing objects (when transferring their accumulations from the sides under the stern), inevitably “cutting” of the accumulation by the lateral edges of the trap - fishing objects simply will not fall into the catch zone with gear. In addition, these technical solutions cannot be effectively used in conditions of fishing, when the minimum speed of movement of the vessel is required (lower than the speed that provides disclosure of gear).

The task to which the stated solution is directed is expressed in increasing the level of mechanization and automation of work on setting and retrieving gear while reducing the duration of the fishing cycle (from the beginning of one setting of gear to the beginning of another).

The technical result obtained when solving the problem is expressed in that it provides the possibility of a significant increase in the level of mechanization and automation of work on the formulation and selection of gear and its effectiveness when used as a feed trap. The efficiency of fishing is increased, including by reducing the possibility of fish leaving due to the "cutting" of the accumulation of fishing gear by the lateral edges of the fishing tool during the preliminary concentration of fishing objects, since the horizontal opening of its catching part is much wider than the width of the hull. In addition, it provides the possibility of effective fishing when the speed of the vessel is minimal. In addition, the cycle of setting and hauling gear is significantly reduced due to the elimination of the need for its significant bypass feed. In addition, it is possible to completely mechanize the fishing process and eliminate the need for personnel to be present in the gear release-sampling zone during the movement of ropes along it.

To solve this problem, a device for fishing of fish and marine invertebrates, containing a net wall made with the possibility of perception of high tensile loads and with the possibility of giving it a rounded shape under dynamic loads, for which it is given a polygonal shape, symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis, with a larger base the net wall is equipped with an upper selection with weld deposits, and the smaller base is equipped with a lower selection, at the ends of which concentrated loads are removably fixed, to which are attached loading ropes, the above-mentioned rebounds fastened to the ends of the lateral rebounds, while the lateral rebounds are equipped with bridles with coupling rings through which the lateral coupling cables are passed, at least one supporting rope is attached to the upper selection, in addition, the inner side of the net the wall is equipped with removable flat elastic hydrodynamic elements, characterized in that the length of the net wall along the upper selection is greater than the width of the hull, while the device additionally contains two shots, each each of which is mounted with the possibility of rotation around the vertical strut and changing the angle of inclination of its longitudinal axis to the longitudinal axis of the vertical strut, while the vertical struts are spaced apart from each other by the width of the vessel, are equally distant from its stern and are maximally moved towards it, each shot being equipped with the mechanism of fixed rotation in the vertical plane and the rotation mechanism around the longitudinal axis of the rack, while at the free ends of the shots are placed blocks through which are brought and placed on the drums of the roar of the winches being wound, the ends of the side tie ropes passed through the tie rods fixed on the bridles of the lateral selection and fastened to the outermost one, preferably located at the lower selection, at least one bridle attached to the lower selection, fastened with a pulling rope missed through the slipway and the winch of the reversible winch, in addition, the loading ropes are led through the blocks, preferably placed on the transom portal, above the transom, between the side and the slip, while one of their ends is scraped flax with concentrated cargoes, and the second placed on the drums of reversible winches, in addition, the supporting rope is led into a block placed above the slip, preferably on the longitudinal axis of the hull, with one end provided with at least one bridle, the ends of which are connected with the upper selection, and the second one is placed on the drum of the reversible winch, in addition, the device includes a control system for all of the mentioned winches, made with the possibility of the winches performing coordinated or inconsistent work, cr In addition, concentrated loads are connected to the lower selection by means of quick couplings, in addition, the weight of the goods exceeds the buoyancy of the device. In addition, the net wall is planted on rebounds and stitches, with a landing coefficient less than unity, preferably 0.7-0.8. In addition, concentrated loads are placed symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of the net wall. In addition, the mechanism of fixed rotation of the shot in the vertical plane is made in the form of an upper flexible rod, one end of which is connected to the free end of the shot, and the second is brought in through a block fixed at the upper end of the vertical rack and placed on the drum of a reversible winch. In addition, the mechanism for turning the shot around the longitudinal axis of the vertical rack is made in the form of side rods, the free ends of which are placed on the drums of reversible winches. In addition, the reversible winches of the rotation mechanisms of the shot are connected to the said winch control system. In addition, surfacings with hard shells of high strength, for example, metal, are used as deposits. In addition, all cables and / or ropes are brought into the vessel through anti-friction devices, for example blocks, or rollers, or malgogers. In addition, with the number of bridles not less than two, the end of the pull-up rope facing the selection is fastened with the bridles, with a cable fixed directly to the end of the rope.

A comparative analysis of the essential features of the proposed solution with the essential features of analogues and prototype indicates that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

Moreover, the features of the characterizing part of the claims provide the solution to the following tasks.

Signs indicating that the fishing gear “has a net wall length over the upper selection greater than the vessel’s hull width” ensures its wide disclosure, excluding the “cutting” of the accumulation of fishing objects.

Signs indicating that the fishing gear “additionally contains two shots, each of which is mounted with the possibility of rotation around a vertical rack and changing the angle of inclination of its longitudinal axis to the longitudinal axis of the vertical rack”, allows the use of gear with a width greater than the width of the vessel and the disclosure of its catch parts wider than the hull directly behind the stern of the vessel, in addition, a change in the position of the catching part of the fishing gear relative to the vessel is provided without special maneuvering the last or the use of its thrusters, which reduces the duration of the gear-setting-harvesting cycle, in addition, it is possible to sample the catch by partially drying the fishing gear with the formation of a net bag and selecting the catch from the latter, as from a cage. In addition, shots can be used to create hydrodynamic forces, providing the fishing gear with a working form, in the conditions of ultra-low speeds of movement of the vessel or even in the absence of progress.

The signs “vertical racks are spaced apart from each other across the breadth of the vessel, are equidistant from its stern and are maximally pulled towards it” provide the maximum “outreach” of the shot outside the deck of the vessel.

The signs "each shot is equipped with a fixed rotation mechanism in the vertical plane and a rotation mechanism around the longitudinal axis of the rack" provide the ability to change the position of the end of the boom in space with remote control of this process.

The signs "at the free ends of the shots are placed blocks through which the ends of the side tie ropes are inserted and placed on the drums of the reversible winches, passed through the tie rods, fastened to the bridles of the lateral selection and fastened to the extreme one located at the lower selection" provide the possibility of breeding-information the lateral edges of the gear or their displacement relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, with the corresponding turns of the shots. In addition, it is possible to pull the bottom edge (bottom selection) of the fishing gear to the surface when capturing a collection of fishing objects.

Signs indicating the preferred placement of the extreme coupling ring at the bottom of the selection, provide accelerated "vertical Assembly" of the catching part of the fishing gear.

Signs “at least one bridle is attached to the bottom selection, fastened with a pulling rope, passed through the slipway and brought into the drum of the reversible winch, in addition, the loading ropes are inserted through the blocks, preferably placed on the transom portal, above the transom, between the side and slip, while some of their ends are fastened with concentrated cargoes, and the second are placed on the drums of reversible winches ”provide the ability to advance the lower edge (lower selection) of the fishing gear to the stern of the vessel and / or to the surface of the water, which excludes the departure of fishing objects down. In addition, the procedure for lowering and raising the fishing gear is simplified and does not require the presence of people in an area saturated with loaded rods (ropes or cables).

The signs "the supporting rope is wound into a block placed above the slip, preferably on the longitudinal axis of the hull, with one end provided with at least one bridle, the ends of which are connected with the upper selection, and the second is placed on the drum of the reversible winch" simplify the organization the work of this traction gear during the descent of the fishing gear and does not require the presence of people in an area saturated with loaded rods (ropes or cables). In addition, it is possible to perceive part of the load that occurs in the upper selection due to the action of hydrodynamic forces. In addition, it provides, if necessary, pulling the top edge (top selection) of the fishing gear to the stern of the vessel in the process of lifting gear.

The signs “the device includes a control system for all of the mentioned winches, configured to allow the winches to perform coordinated or uncoordinated work” provide the ability to perform a wide range of maneuvers with the fishing gear and perform operations to lower the fishing gear into the water, bring it into working form, capture the fishing object, raise the gear fishing and the provision of mechanized seizure of the catch.

The signs “concentrated loads are connected with the lower selection by means of quick couplings” simplify the selection of tackle, since the loads do not move along the slip, and during the descent of the tackle, fastening of the cargo with it is ensured.

The sign “the weight of the goods exceeds the buoyancy of the device” provides (with appropriate use of loading ropes) the possibility of fishing both for objects gathering on the surface (for example, saury, squid, etc.), and deep objects (herring, ivasi, etc. ) In addition, the large weight of the cargo ensures the rapid deployment of gear vertically.

The signs of the second claim, in the presence of a rigid "frame" from the selection, provide the possibility of adoption of a dome-shaped wall.

The signs of the third claim exclude the skew of the catching part of the gear, which complicates the capture of the accumulation of fishing objects.

The features of the fourth and fifth claims describe possible embodiments of the mechanisms for turning the shot in the vertical plane and around the longitudinal axis of the vertical rack.

The signs of the sixth claim provide for the control of the winch mechanisms of rotation of the shot from one point (or remote) control fishing winches.

Signs of the seventh claim of the invention ensure the preservation of the health of the deposits during the fishery of deep fishing objects.

The signs of the eighth claim provide a reduction in the friction of cables or ropes during their movement, thereby reducing their frictional wear, eliminating their jamming and overlapping, etc. emergency conditions, dangerous loss of fishing time and / or gear, and / or catch.

The signs of the ninth claim ensure minimization of the number of pull-up ropes (when using one cable and a pair of bridles, one pull-up rope ensures the transfer of “pull-up force” to four points along the length of the bottom fitting).

The inventive device is illustrated by the following drawings: figure 1 shows a top view of the open device; figure 2 is a side view of the open device; figure 3 is a view of the stern of the vessel after the disclosure of the device; figure 4 is a view of the stern of the vessel in the drying mode of the device; figure 5 is a top view of the device in the mode of drying; Fig.6 is a side view of the device after capturing the object of fishing, at the beginning of the haul; Fig.7 shows a side view of the device in the sampling mode of the catch; in Fig.8 shows the layout of the arrows with the maximum width of the catching part of the device; figure 9 is a diagram of the location of the arrows with asymmetric (relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel) placement of the catching part of the device (when it is shifted to one side).

The drawings show: a mesh wall 1, polygonal, symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis of symmetry, 2 shapes, upper 3 and lower 4 rebounds, the ends of which are fastened to the ends of the lateral rebounds 5, overlay 6 (on the upper rebate 3), concentrated loads 7 (on the lower rebate 4), bridles 8 with coupling rings 9, mounted on the side selections 5, through which the lateral coupling cables 10, the pulling rope 11, the loading ropes 12 (attached to the concentrated loads 7 by quick-disconnect connections of a known type, for example, brackets, to arabins, etc. - not shown), a supporting rope 13 attached to the upper selection 3, removable flat elastic hydrodynamic elements 14, mounted on the inside of the net wall (from the side facing the stern 15 of the vessel 16), two shots 17, each of which is mounted with the possibility of rotation around the vertical strut 18 and changing the angle of inclination of its longitudinal axis 19 to the longitudinal axis 20 of the vertical strut 18 (vertical struts 18 are maximally spaced from each other along the width of the vessel 16, are equally distant from the stern 15 of the vessel 16 and the maximum but moved to it). Each shot 17 is equipped with a fixed rotation mechanism in the vertical plane, made in the form of an upper flexible rod 21, one end of which is connected to the free end 22 of shot 17, and the second is brought through a block 23, mounted at the upper end of the vertical rack 18, and placed on the drum reversible winches 24. In addition, each shot 17 is equipped with a rotation mechanism around the longitudinal axis 20 of the vertical strut 18, made in the form of side rods 25, the free ends of which are placed on the drums of reversible winches 26. In addition, the rim ends of 22 shots 17 are placed blocks 27 through which the ends of the lateral tie ropes 10 are inserted and placed on the drums of the reversible winches 28, passed through the tie rods 9, mounted on the bridles 8 of the lateral selection 5 and fastened to the outermost one (in the drawing, this is the bottom lateral coupling ring 9, located at the bottom of the selection 4). The ends of the pulling ropes 11 (if there are several) are slid 29 and placed on the drums of reversible winches 30, in addition, the loading ropes 12 are led through blocks 31, preferably placed on the transom portal 32, above the transom (stern cut 15), between the side 33 and a slip 29, while their free ends are placed on the drums of the reversible winches 34, in addition, the supporting rope 13 is led into a block 35 located above the slip 29, preferably on the longitudinal axis 36 of the hull 16, with one end provided with at least at least one bridle 37, the ends of which are connected with the upper selection 3, and the second is placed on the drum of the reversible winch 38. In addition, the lower bridles 39 (bridles attached to the lower selection) and cable 40 are shown. Thus, all the winches 24, 26, 28, 30, 34, 38, used directly in the field, must be reversible, and the winch control system must ensure that the winches can perform coordinated or non-coordinated work (not shown). As it is used, a hardware complex of a known type of similar functional purpose is used, the composition and performance of which correspond to specified operating parameters.

The initial (horizontal and vertical) dimensions of the net wall 1 exceed the corresponding sizes of the upper 3 and lower 4 selection and the distance between them (the net wall is planted on the rebounds and the veins, with a landing coefficient less than unity - 0.7-0.8 around the perimeter of the gear).

As depositions 6, hollow depositions with hard shells, for example, metal, are used.

In addition, the tie ropes are slid through anti-friction devices, such as blocks, or rollers, or malgogers (not shown).

The clamping rings 9, preferably metal, are fixed on the bridles 8 of the lateral selection so that the plane of the ring is perpendicular to the axis of the selection.

The height and length of the tackle depend on the size of the hull and the size of the "departure" of the shot over its side. In reality, they are limited to values of the order of 30-35 m for reasons of maintaining the stability of the shape of the gear during its operation when using small fishing vessels.

The upper selection and tie ropes are made of a synthetic rope with a diameter of about 20 mm and have positive buoyancy, and the lower selection is made of a rope of the same diameter having negative buoyancy.

Flat elastic hydrodynamic elements 14 are made as hydrodynamic shields in the form of pieces of fabric, preferably synthetic (from the material used for the manufacture of sails, for example, "avisent", "dacron" and others, which provides tackle when opening a sufficiently large spacer force, and when sampling the device does not cause complications when dragging it through the stern slip of a fishing vessel), or from pieces of dense netting. They are removably fixed on the side of the fishing web facing the target. Moreover, these elements are paired and, in each pair, placed symmetrically relative to the vertical axis of symmetry 2 gear.

The device operates as follows.

The fishing technology includes the following operations: preparation of fishing equipment and fishing gear, launching of the fishing gear into the water, bringing the fishing gear into working form, concentration of the catch with the help of light, capture of the fishing object, lifting of the fishing gear and dredging of the catch.

In the process of preparing fishing gears, at least two concentrated loads 7 are attached to the lower selection 4 and a loading rope 12 is attached to each of them. Concentrated loads 7 are placed symmetrically relative to the vertical axis 2 of the net wall, while their weight exceeds the buoyancy of the device, moreover when catching deep fishing objects, this excess can be significant, to speed up the process of diving gear to a given depth. In addition, on the bottom selection 4, fix the lower bridles 39 and fasten them with a cable 40 with a pulling rope 11. With limited fishing gear sizes (up to 20-25 m), one rope 11 is enough, with a larger width the number of ropes is increased or an additional cable is used (not shown), directly fastened with a pulling rope 11, the ends of which are fastened with two cables 40. Preparation of fishing equipment is reduced to the inspection and testing of winches 24, 26, 28, 30, 34, 38, checking the health of their control system, wiring owls and ropes of fishing gear through the appropriate blocks and the placement of the free ends of the said traction elements on the drums of the corresponding reversing winches.

If a cluster of fishing objects is detected, the vessel 16, equipped with fishing lighting, to search, attract and concentrate fish or marine invertebrates, having found their jamb, slows down to a speed of 0.5-0.8 knots, turns on attracting chandeliers 41 from both sides and starts setting gear, operating the engine at low speeds with minimal angles of attack of the propeller blades, so that the gear took its working form at the time of the meeting of the vessel with the jamb of the fishing object. In this case, the launching device for fishing and marine invertebrates (hereinafter - the fishing gear) is carried out through slip 29 from the windy side, and first concentrated loads 7, lower selection 4 are lowered, and then the net wall 1 and upper selection 3 with weldments are lowered 6, which ensures further accident-free disclosure of fishing gear. At the same time, the reversible winches 34 give (rewind from their reels) loading ropes 12 at a speed that ensures a predetermined immersion speed of concentrated loads 7, the winches 30 give the ends of the pulling rope 11, the winches 28 give the side tie ropes 10, the winch 38 gives the supporting rope. In this case, the loading ropes 12 (and the pulling rope 11) “work” as “regulators of the depth of immersion of concentrated loads 7, for example, when saury is caught, etc. fishing ropes 12 and a pulling rope 11 are given to fishing objects 12 that are gathering near the surface of the water to a value that excludes the top pick 3 from being thrown down, and when fishing deep objects, loading ropes 12 and a pulling rope 11 are given to a value that ensures that the upper pick 3 is immersed to a depth that ensures catching a cluster located in the water column. Thus, after the fishing gear was lowered into the water, the netting 1 and the top 2 of the selection are afloat, the bottom of the selection 4 leaves under the influence of the loads 7 to a depth determined by the length of the loading ropes 12. The rounds of the shots 17 from the sides of the vessel 16 provide horizontal disclosure of the fishing gear (in this case, the corresponding winches provide a corresponding release of the side tie ropes 10, the pulling rope 11 and the loading ropes 12 and the corresponding pulling of the supporting rope 13). The flow of water acts on the flat, elastic, hydrodynamic elements 14, which by the work of the shots 17 turn out to be "derived from the hydrodynamic shadow" formed by the hull of the vessel, and as a result of their "work" the fishing gear takes on a working form. Bringing the fishing gear into working form can also be carried out under the influence of wind drift or thrusters (not shown), and, as a result, the upper 3 and lower 4 selections take the form of an arc (at the lower seam 4, the arc deflection is less than at the top), while the fishing gear takes the form of a net bowl.

Afloat, the device supports the upper selection 3, equipped with overhangs 6, and the vertical opening of the device is ensured by weights 7, held from further deepening by the loading ropes 12. The vessel 16 continues to move at the above speed, approaching the accumulation of 42 fishing objects. Entering the congestion of the fishing object, they monitor its reaction and behavior, while reducing the speed of the vessel to 0.2-0.4 knots and perform manipulations with the light. Having achieved a stable reaction of the fishing object to the light, they begin to transfer its accumulation from the non-working side to the working one by gradually turning off the corresponding chandeliers 41 from both sides simultaneously from the bow to the stern. The translation process ends with the concentration of fish under the concentrating chandeliers located in the fishing zone with the fishing gear. Next, only the red light chandelier is left turned on, concentrating the fish in a small area, and the leading sampling of the loading and pulling ropes, and then the lateral tie ropes, is started. As a result, the tackle begins to wallet (the lower selection goes to the side of the vessel ahead of time, cutting off the ability of the fish to go down from the zone covered by the tackle). At the same time, the sampling speed and the speed of the vessel are controlled so that the device approaches the stern of the vessel and leaves the water, covering the maximum possible volume in which the concentration of fishing objects is concentrated.

When capturing the object of fishing gear, a pulling rope 11 and loading ropes 12 are selected, which ensures application of a pulling force directed to the stern of the vessel to the lower selection 4. As a result, the fishing gear takes the form of a “scoop”, in which the lower edge (lower selection 4) is placed closer to the stern of the vessel than the upper edge (upper selection 3).

To select the catch, the fishing gear is dried by lifting the corresponding sections of the net wall (bottom and side picks) onto a slip until a net bag is formed to hold the catch (continuing to choose the pulling rope 11 and the loading ropes 12 supporting the rope 13), after which the catch is scooped up, for example, with a maker or a fish pump 43. In this case, both pulling the cables and / or ropes with the appropriate winches and lifting the shots 17 to a larger angle are used.

Immediately after the fishing gear has been dried and the catch has been started, all the lights are turned on, if necessary, the ship's course is reduced to zero and the expediency of re-setting the fishing gear is determined. When an affirmative decision is made after catch catch is completed, all operations are repeated.

In addition, in the process of capturing an object of fishing, if necessary, a more complete capture of accumulations of objects of fishing is maneuvered by a fishing gear by turning and / or raising shots (see Fig. 9).

Fishing for other species of fish and squid is carried out similarly to that described, except for the concentration of the fishing object using red light.

When catching deep fishing objects with an echo sounder, the depth of the accumulation of fishing objects is determined, and then, as described above, all the above technological operations are repeated (preparation of fishing equipment and fishing gear, lowering of the fishing gear into water, bringing the fishing gear into working form, capture of the fishing gear, lifting the fishing gear and dredging the catch), with one difference - the pulling rope 11 and the loading ropes 12 give a length greater than when catching “surface” fishing objects. At the same time, the “given length” of the said ropes is determined by the depth of immersion of the lower set, which is necessary for the fishing of fishing objects concentrated at a certain depth in the water column, the ropes are given by a value that provides immersion of the upper and lower selection to a depth, ensuring maximum coverage of fishing objects.

Next, by appropriately moving the shots towards the bow of the vessel and / or pulling up the loading rope, the pulling rope and the side tie ropes, the bottom cluster is cut, and then the loading rope, the pulling rope, side tie ropes and the supporting rope are synchronously selected, accompanying the work of the winches with lifting shots, if necessary upwards and turning them to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. As a result, the fishing gear rises up in the form of a net or net bag until the top pick comes to the surface and the bottom pick fits in the slip. Next, the fishing gear is dried and the remaining operations are performed as described above.

Claims (9)

1. A device for fishing and marine invertebrates, containing a net wall made with the possibility of perception of high breaking loads and with the possibility of giving it a rounded shape under dynamic loads, for which it is given a polygonal shape symmetrical about the vertical axis, with a larger base of the net wall it is equipped with an upper selection with weld deposits, and the smaller base is equipped with a lower selection, at the ends of the lower of which concentrated loads are removably fixed, to which loading ropes are attached, whereby the said rebounds are fastened to the ends of the lateral rebounds, while the lateral rebounds are provided with bridles with coupling rings through which the lateral coupling cables are passed, at least one supporting cable is attached to the upper selection, in addition, the inner side of the net wall is provided with removable flat elastic hydrodynamic elements, characterized in that the length of the net wall along the upper selection is greater than the width of the hull of the vessel, the device additionally contains two shots, each of which is set flax with the ability to rotate around the vertical rack and change the angle of inclination of its longitudinal axis to the longitudinal axis of the vertical rack, while the vertical racks are spaced from each other across the width of the vessel, equidistant from its stern and are pulled as close to it as possible, while each shot is equipped with a fixed rotation mechanism in the vertical plane and the rotation mechanism around the longitudinal axis of the rack, while at the free ends of the shots placed blocks through which are brought and placed on the drums of reversible winches The side tie ropes passed through the tie rings secured to the bridles of the lateral selection and fastened to the outermost one, preferably located at the lower selection, at least one bridle attached to the lower selection fastened with a pulling rope passed through slip and wound on the drum of a reversible winch, in addition, the loading ropes are wound through blocks, preferably placed on the transom portal, above the transom, between the side and the slip, while one of their ends is fastened with a concentrator cargo, and the second are placed on the drums of reversible winches, in addition, the supporting rope is led into a block placed above the slip, preferably on the longitudinal axis of the hull, with one end provided with at least one bridle, the ends of which are connected to the upper selection, and the second is placed on the drum of the reversible winch, in addition, the device includes a control system for all of the mentioned winches, configured to perform coordinated or uncoordinated work by the winches, in addition, bath loads are connected with the lower selection by means of quick couplings, in addition, the weight of the goods exceeds the buoyancy of the device. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the net wall is planted on rebounds and veins with a landing coefficient less than one, preferably 0.7-0.8. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentrated loads are placed symmetrically relative to the vertical axis of the mesh wall. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism of the fixed rotation of the shot in the vertical plane is made in the form of an upper flexible rod, one end of which is connected with the free end of the shot, and the second is brought through a block fixed at the upper end of the vertical rack, and placed on the drum of a reversible winch. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for turning the shot around the longitudinal axis of the vertical rack is made in the form of side rods, the free ends of which are placed on the drums of reversible winches. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reversible winches of the mechanisms for turning the shot are connected to the said winch control system. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that as the surfacing used surfacing with hard shells of high strength, for example metal. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that all the cables and / or ropes are brought into the vessel through anti-friction devices, for example blocks or rollers, or malgogers. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the number of bridles is not less than two, the end of the pull-up rope facing the selection is fastened with bridles, a cable fixed directly to the end of the rope.

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