RU2625674C1 - Grain cleaning air-sieve machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: grain cleaning air-sieve machine comprises a frame, a receiving chamber, a dividing chute, a unit of four sieve boots, two eccentric shafts, a sieve cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism is equipped with a compensating device. The cleaning mechanism comprises two shafts and an electric drive. The shafts are installed in bearings on frame racks. Frames with brushes are attached to the shafts in the center. The oscillating motion of the shafts is ensured by a crank. The reciprocating motion of the frames with brushes is ensured by a connecting rod. The connecting rod is connected to the crank via a compensating device. The compensating device is made in the form of a U-shaped bracket. The bracket bottom is rigidly connected to the connecting rod. The crank is hingedly connected to the housing. The housing is installed between the bracket flanges and is rigidly connected thereto by a finger. The finger passes through the openings in the flanges and the housing. The openings in the bracket flanges are made in the form of a groove. The groove length is equal to the amplitude of the sieve boot oscillations. The groove width is equal to the finger diameter. The compensator placement is possible anywhere in the kinematic chain from the brush to the crank.

EFFECT: increasing the service life of the machine.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used to clean seeds and grains of cereal and leguminous crops, corn, sorghum and sunflower from impurities separated by air flow and sieves.

Air-sieve machines of grain and seed cleaning of various types are known, the main working bodies of which are a receiving chamber, an air-cleaning part and sieve mills suspended from the machine frame on suspensions and driven in oscillatory motion from an eccentric shaft through connecting rods, as well as a brush cleaning mechanism sieve. The brushes are driven in reciprocating motion from the drive shaft by connecting rods.

The main disadvantages of the known types (OVP-20, OVP-20A, OVS-25, K-522, K-523, SVU-5, SU-01) of air-sieve grain cleaning machines: high vibration of the machines, quick wear of the brushes, insufficient durability of the sieve mill, low machine life. This is due to the fact that all known grain cleaning machines with brush cleaning mechanisms for sieves always had a problem with the state of the working machine at the moment the brushes arrived at the “dead” points. When the brushes come to the extreme position (“dead spots”) of the crank (2 times per revolution), the kinematic chain of the drive mechanism becomes closed (all degrees of freedom are lost), the forces acting in the chain are closed, the forces transmitted by the mill to the brushes act , and the mechanism chains and drive links cannot move. As a result of this: drive damage, vibration, knocking in the gaps, rapid wear. And this problem has been especially aggravated since the time when the brushes lost horsehair, bristles and plastic appeared instead. For a long time this problem could not be resolved. Even the institutes of problems of reliability and durability of machines are known (for example: see AS No. 1678245, A01F 12/44, B07B 1/44, the applicant is the Institute of Problems of Reliability and Durability of Machines of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR).

Also known is a grain-cleaning air-sieve machine OZS-50 (E-mail: zernoochistka@intercom.ru Web-page: http://www.zernoochistka.ru), including a frame, a receiving chamber with a feed roller and a loaded valve, a mesh drum - skeletor and pneumatic channel of the first aspiration; sedimentary chamber with waste screw; pneumatic channel of the second aspiration; a block of 4 balanced sieve mills operating in parallel and in pairs in antiphase; two eccentric shafts, an electric drive, as well as a brush cleaning mechanism for sieves.

The disadvantage of the known machine, which we took as a prototype, is the lack of any design solution for the sieve cleaning mechanism equipped with a compensating device, and the compensator itself, eliminating the effects of loads in the extreme positions of the brushes relative to the mill frame and ensuring high-quality cleaning of the sieves.

The purpose of the invention is to offer a grain cleaning air sieve machine with a sieve cleaning mechanism equipped with a compensating device, and the compensating device itself, eliminating the impact of loads in the extreme positions of the brushes relative to the mill frame and providing high-quality cleaning of the sieves.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the inventive grain cleaning air-sieve machine includes a frame, a receiving chamber, a heat-divider, two eccentric shafts, a block of four balanced sieve mills operating in parallel and in pairs in antiphase, a brush cleaning mechanism for sieves equipped with a compensating device, a camera sedimentary, pneumatic duct, electric drives, set of sleeves, auger, while the sieve cleaning mechanism consists of two shafts installed in bearings, mounted on frame racks, to which at prices the frames with brushes are connected, and an electric drive including an electric motor, V-belt drive, a gearbox, at the output end of which a crank is installed, which provides oscillatory motion to the shafts, and a connecting rod, which provides reciprocating movement to the brush frames, while the connecting rod is connected to the crank by means of a compensating device made in the form of a U-shaped bracket, the bottom of which is rigidly connected to the connecting rod, between the shelves of the bracket there is a housing rigidly connected to it by means of a finger, walking through the holes in the shelves and the housing, which, in turn, is pivotally connected to the crank, and the holes in the bracket shelves are made in the form of grooves with a length equal to the oscillation amplitude of the sieve mill and a width equal to the diameter of the finger, while the expansion joint can be placed in anywhere in the kinematic chain, from the brush to the crank.

Studying the state of the art in the process of conducting a patent search on all types of information generally available in the world, and information on the use of air-cleaning sieve machines in the Russian Federation, we did not identify technical solutions that have the features of the claimed machine regarding the design of a sieve cleaning mechanism equipped with a compensating device , excluding the effect of loads in the extreme positions of the brushes relative to the frame of the sieve mill.

Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of patentability "NOVELTY".

In addition, the claimed combination of features for a person skilled in the art does not explicitly follow from the currently known prior art. Therefore, we can conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the patentability criterion of “INVENTIVE LEVEL”.

The claimed technical solution meets the patentability criterion "INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY", because It can be used in agriculture.

And, in addition, it meets the requirement of sufficiency of disclosure of the invention, because in the description of the invention below, the essence of the invention will be disclosed sufficiently clearly and understandably, so that the invention can be carried out by a person skilled in the art in the form presented in the claims.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the inventive grain cleaning air-sieve machine; in FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a sieve cleaning mechanism; in FIG. 3 - the same side view; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of a compensating device.

The grain cleaning air sieve machine contains a frame 1, a receiving chamber 2, a heat divider 3, two eccentric shafts 4, a block of four balanced sieve mills 5 operating in parallel and in pairs in antiphase, a brush cleaning mechanism 6 equipped with a compensating device, chamber 7 sedimentary, pneumatic channel 8, electric drives 9, set of sleeves 10, screw 11 (Fig. 1), while the cleaning mechanism for the sieves (Fig. 2, 3) consists of two shafts 13 mounted in bearings 12, which are mounted on racks, to which frames 14 are attached to the center with brushes, an electric drive including an electric motor 15 with a V-belt drive 16, a gearbox 17, a crank 18, a connecting rod 19; and the compensating device (Fig. 4) is made in the form of a U-shaped bracket 20, the bottom of which is rigidly connected to the connecting rod, and between the shelves of the bracket there is a housing 21 rigidly connected to it by means of a finger 22 passing through the holes in the shelves and the housing, which, in turn, it is pivotally connected to the crank, and the holes in the bracket shelves are made in the form of grooves 23 with a length equal to the oscillation amplitude of the sieve mill and a width equal to the diameter of the finger.

The inventive machine operates as follows.

The grain of agricultural plants enters the receiving chamber 2, then enters the estrus divider 3 loading four sieve mills 5, operating in parallel and in pairs in antiphase. Oscillating sieves stand out: the first - seeding, the second - forage, the third - a large admixture. Fractions are combined and displayed. The main material (the passage of the third sieve) enters the pneumatic channel 8 of the second aspiration, where a light fraction of the main material is released by air and carried into the sedimentation chamber 7, from where it is discharged by the screw 11. The main material is removed from the machine. Frames with brushes move under oscillating sieves, cleaning the sieves. Using the compensator eliminates the effect of loads in the extreme positions of the brushes relative to the frame of the mill. In the inventive machine, the simplest solution is proposed to keep the kinematic chain of the drive free, structurally reliable and technologically cheap, namely: to make a compensator (or, in other words, a “breaker”) in the form of a U-shaped bracket 20, the bottom of which is rigidly connected to the connecting rod 19, and between of its (bracket) shelves, a housing 21 is mounted, rigidly connected to them by means of a finger 22 passing through the holes in the shelves and the housing, which, in turn, is pivotally connected to the crank 18. At the same time, the holes in the shelves of the bracket in made in the form of a groove 23 with a length equal to the amplitude of vibrations of the sieve mill, and a width equal to the diameter of the finger. Moreover, the placement of the compensator is possible anywhere in the kinematic chain, starting from the brush to the crank.

So, the claimed combination of features ensures the exclusion of the effects of loads in the extreme positions of the brushes relative to the frame of the mill, i.e. achievement of the goal. Increases the durability of the sieve mill, the service life of the machine by eliminating the rapid wear of the brushes and damage to the drive.

Claims (2)

1. Air-sieve grain cleaning machine, characterized in that it includes a frame, a receiving chamber, a heat divider, two eccentric shafts, a block of four balanced sieve mills operating in parallel and in pairs in antiphase, a brush cleaning mechanism for sieves equipped with a compensating device, a camera sedimentary, pneumatic duct, electric drives, set of sleeves, auger, while the mechanism for cleaning the sieves consists of two shafts installed in bearings mounted on the frame racks, to which frames with brushes, and an electric drive, including an electric motor, V-belt drive, a gearbox, at the output end of which a crank is installed, which provides oscillatory motion to the shafts, and a connecting rod, which provides reciprocating movement to the frames with brushes, while the connecting rod is connected to the crank by means of a compensating device made in the form of U-shaped bracket, the bottom of which is rigidly connected to the connecting rod, and between the shelves of the bracket there is a housing rigidly connected to it by means of a finger passing through the hole in the shelves and the casing, which, in turn, is pivotally connected to the crank, and the holes in the bracket flanges are made in the form of grooves with a length equal to the oscillation amplitude of the sieve mill and a width equal to the diameter of the finger. 2. Air-sieve grain cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensator is located anywhere in the kinematic chain, starting from the brush to the crank.

Images