CN101933436A - Full-automatic grain separation system for high-accuracy single plant inspection - Google Patents
Full-automatic grain separation system for high-accuracy single plant inspection Download PDFInfo
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- CN101933436A CN101933436A CN2010102416066A CN201010241606A CN101933436A CN 101933436 A CN101933436 A CN 101933436A CN 2010102416066 A CN2010102416066 A CN 2010102416066A CN 201010241606 A CN201010241606 A CN 201010241606A CN 101933436 A CN101933436 A CN 101933436A
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to a full-automatic grain separation system for high-accuracy single plant inspection. The system comprises a rice spike conveying line, a full grain threshing mechanism, an empty grain threshing mechanism, a vibratory screening mechanism, an air drying device and a controller, wherein a threshing part of the full-automatic grain separation system consists of the full grain threshing mechanism and the empty grain threshing mechanism; a photoelectric switch is arrange at the inlet of the rice spike conveying line; a signal wire of the photoelectric switch is connected with the input end of the controller; and signal wires of the rice spike conveying line, the full grain threshing mechanism, the empty grain threshing mechanism, the vibratory screening mechanism and the air drying device are connected with the output end of the controller. The full-automatic grain separation system has the advantages of small threshing error, high automation degree, suitability for automatic treatment on rice spikes at an early stage of the high-accuracy single plant inspection and capability of providing useful technical support for precision agricultural researches and digitized agricultural researches.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel threshing structure, the grain piece-rate system of vibrosieve structure and Automatic Control is specifically related to a kind of full-automatic grain piece-rate system that is used for the species test of individual plant high accuracy.
Background technology
It is indispensable processing section in early stage the agriculture species test research that grain is separated (threshing) from spike of rice, especially in the high accuracy species test research, be a technical problem that is worth research and solves how automatic, efficient, high-precision grain is separated from spike of rice.At first, the integrality that grain separates can not only guarantee threshing effect preferably, and grain parameter measurements such as follow-up grain length, wide, the real grain number of grain, total grain number are had clearly Practical significance.Moreover the automation that grain separates realizes also realizing providing for whole species test process is full-automatic a kind of possibility.Full-automatic grain piece-rate system makes agriculture species test quick more and convenient, greatly reduces the error that artifact is brought, and has promoted the efficient species test of agricultural research and crop.The research of accelerating full-automatic high precision grain piece-rate system has very big scientific research value and economic results in society.
Under this background prerequisite, existing both at home and abroad many researchs, and be applicable to the species test of individual plant high accuracy, and the automation domestic product that does not still have moulding of grain piece-rate system of having relatively high expectations at the threshing instrument.For a high accuracy, automation and measuring table attractive in appearance are provided to spike of rice, just must design and make a kind of grain piece-rate system that is applicable to the species test of individual plant high accuracy.Adopt stainless steel to add organic glass plate to constitute from this full-automatic grain piece-rate system design of the attractive in appearance and stable consideration of equipment is main, the Industry Control programmable logic controller (PLC) commonly used realization auto-control Design of being programmed is adopted in control.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of full automatic grain piece-rate system of individual plant high accuracy species test that is used for, and realization is put into spike of rice and promptly begun threshing and screening on the spike of rice pipeline automatically, improves threshing efficiency, reduces hand labor intensity.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of full-automatic grain piece-rate system that is used for the species test of individual plant high accuracy, it is characterized in that, comprise real grain whereabouts baffle plate, wind direction guide plate, spike of rice pipeline, the spike of rice transition apparatus of spike of rice inlet, optoelectronic switch, sheller unit, vibration screening mechanism, wind device, the outlet of fringe bar, grain outlet, controller, band hairbrush; Optoelectronic switch is installed at described spike of rice pipeline place, spike of rice pipeline upper end is right after the spike of rice inlet, be right after the installation sheller unit behind the spike of rice inlet, sheller unit comprises full grain separating mechanism and flat grain separating mechanism, in the middle of full grain separating mechanism and the flat grain separating mechanism spike of rice transition apparatus is installed; Full grain separating mechanism below is equipped with the real grain whereabouts baffle plate of band hairbrush, and flat grain separating mechanism lower end is equipped with the wind direction guide plate; The sheller unit below is a vibration screening mechanism; The upper right side of vibration screening mechanism is the wind device, and the lower-left end is the outlet of fringe bar, and the vibration screening mechanism below is the grain outlet; Be written into the program that weaves in advance in the controller, controller is controlled whole threshing course automatically according to institute's reception optoelectronic switch induction input signal.
Further, described sheller unit comprises a toothrow shape cylinder (14) and the dentation belt conveyor (15) under it, and cylinder and belt conveyor are coupled by sawtooth, and the dentation cylinder passes through adjustable bearing fixing up and down; Adjustable up and down bearing is connected and composed by nut (16), spring (17) and bearing (18) from top to bottom, and the pressure that adjusting nut can change middle springs moves up and down bearing centre, and then changes the pressure between dentation cylinder and pipeline belt; Wherein, have dentation cylinder that elastic force fixes than the bearing of little spring relatively and under the dentation belt conveyor constitute a full grain separating mechanism, have dentation cylinder and flat separating mechanism of the formation of dentation belt conveyor down thereof that the bearing of the relatively large spring of elastic force fix.Spike of rice at first enters full grain separating mechanism; most of full grain is taken off the back and is fallen on the vibration screening device by the real grain whereabouts baffle plate (10) of band hairbrush; the remaining spike of rice that does not purify runs to flat grain separating mechanism through spike of rice transition apparatus (13) to be separated, and finally separated grain and fringe bar are fallen on the vibration screening device by flat grain separating mechanism end.At different crops,, regulate corresponding spring pressure and can reach optimal threshing effect according to connection power difference between its grain and the grain ear.
Further, the panel of described vibration screening mechanism is the fish scale sieve plate; It below the fish scale sieve plate grain gathering unit of a skewed slot type; Gathering unit is installed a pole (19) down, it under the pole roller (20), the roller below connects the tumbler (21) of a surperficial dipping and heaving, tumbler is connected on the motor by bearing (22), tumbler rotated when motor rotated, thereby made whole vibration screening mechanism (5) up-down vibration.
Control flow of the present invention is: behind the starting device, when optoelectronic switch detects spike of rice pipeline porch spike of rice is arranged, optoelectronic switch is issued controller with signal, controller starts threshing part and vibration screening mechanism, threshing and screening finish after a period of time, controller starts the wind device fringe bar on the sieve plate and impurity is blown out from the outlet of fringe bar, and exports the grain that obtains separating from grain, and individual plant threshing so far finishes.The threshing course controller does not respond the input signal of optoelectronic switch, and the threshing automatic response that recovers the optoelectronic switch input signal of back controller fully can be carried out next strain experiment, constantly moves in circles successively.
It is effective that the present invention has threshing, and adaptivity is good, easily regulates the advantage of control.In grain species test work, adopt the present invention, improved the species test precision greatly, reduce the labour intensity and the human error of workman's threshing.And the present invention's installation, easy to maintenance, the operation troubles rate is low.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a threshing part-structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a vibrational structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a work control flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention mainly comprises spike of rice pipeline 12, full grain separating mechanism 3, flat grain separating mechanism 4, vibration screening mechanism 5, wind device 6, controller 9.Full grain separating mechanism 3 and flat grain separating mechanism 4 constitute the sheller unit of full-automatic grain piece-rate system.Spike of rice pipeline 12 porch are installed optoelectronic switch 2, optoelectronic switch 2 holding wires and are connect controller 9 inputs.Spike of rice pipeline 12, full grain separating mechanism 3, flat grain separating mechanism 4, vibration screening mechanism 5 and wind device 6 holding wires connect controller 9 outputs.Spike of rice at first enters full grain separating mechanism 3 through spike of rice pipeline 12; most of full grain is taken off the back and is fallen on the vibration screening mechanism 5 by the real grain whereabouts baffle plate 10 of band hairbrush; the remaining spike of rice that does not purify runs to flat grain separating mechanism 4 through spike of rice transition apparatus 13 to be separated, and finally separated flat grain and fringe bar are fallen on the vibration screening mechanism 5 at flat grain separating mechanism 4 ends.Vibration screening mechanism 5 will be fallen grain above the sieve plate by under the lip(ped) sieve hole sizer, and obtain the grain that separates in the grain outlet, and screening fringe bar and the impurity that the after wind blowing apparatus will remain on the sieve plate that finishes blows out from the outlet of fringe bar.
As shown in Figure 2, sheller unit comprises a toothrow shape cylinder 14 and the dentation belt conveyor 15 under it, and cylinder and belt conveyor are coupled by sawtooth, and the dentation cylinder passes through adjustable bearing fixing up and down; Adjustable up and down bearing is connected and composed by nut 16, spring 17 and bearing 18 from top to bottom, and the pressure that adjusting nut can change middle springs moves up and down bearing centre, and then changes the pressure between dentation cylinder and pipeline belt; Wherein, have dentation cylinder that elastic force fixes than the bearing of little spring relatively and under the dentation belt conveyor constitute a full grain separating mechanism, have dentation cylinder and flat separating mechanism of the formation of dentation belt conveyor down thereof that the bearing of the relatively large spring of elastic force fix.Spike of rice at first enters full grain separating mechanism; most of full grain is taken off the back and is fallen on the vibration screening device by the real grain whereabouts baffle plate 10 of band hairbrush; the remaining spike of rice that does not purify runs to flat grain separating mechanism through spike of rice transition apparatus 13 to be separated, and finally separated grain and fringe bar are fallen on the vibration screening device by flat grain separating mechanism end.
As shown in Figure 3, described vibration screening mechanism panel is the fish scale sieve plate; It below the fish scale sieve plate grain gathering unit of a skewed slot type; Gathering unit is installed a pole 19 down, be a roller 20 under the pole, the roller below connects the tumbler 21 of a surperficial dipping and heaving, and tumbler is connected on the motor by bearing 22, tumbler rotated when motor rotated, thereby made whole vibration screening mechanism 5 up-down vibration.
Work control flow as shown in Figure 4, at first start the general supply of full-automatic grain piece-rate system, the spike of rice of the individual plant paddy rice one fringe fringe of handling well early stage being put into successively full-automatic grain piece-rate system promotes on the pipeline, optoelectronic switch was sensed and spike of rice was arranged on the pipeline and signal is transferred to controller this moment, controller control threshing part and vibration screening mechanism start, control wind device starts after 40 seconds, close the wind device after 10 seconds, vibration screening device continue to keep motion 10 seconds in device, to finish this strain rice threshing to guarantee this strain grain noresidue.Controller recovers the response to photoelectric switching signal, can carry out next strain rice threshing.Utilize receiving system to obtain the fringe bar that this strain spike of rice separates, export the grain that obtains separating from grain from the spike of rice outlet,
The workman only need cut every strain spike of rice and put into the automatic threshing that can realize the individual plant spike of rice on the spike of rice pipeline successively.Equipment is carried out probability of malfunction that test result in enormous quantities shows this equipment less than 0.01%, and the control design cycle is seen Fig. 4.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
Experiment biomaterial: the spike of rice of 10 strain maturations;
At first 10 strains are cut spike of rice oven dry preliminary treatment down at normal sunshine, the spike of rice of more every strain spike of rice fringe fringe successively being put into full-automatic grain piece-rate system promotes and carries out the grain separation on the pipeline automatically, collects the impurity and the grain outlet grain of fringe bar outlet respectively.Can analyze to such an extent that locate this system's grain threshing error by the grain situation that every strain fringe bar outlet and grain outlet are collected, below be the result of this system testing:
Table 1 test result
We analyze the error of this system by test result, and are as shown in table 2:
Table 2 error analysis
Wherein, each error parameter computing formula is as follows:
The flat error of real grain threshing of native system is less than 2% as can be known by error analysis, and total grain number threshing mean error is less than 4%, and the ripening rate relative average error that is caused by the threshing error is 2.07%, for the species test of follow-up individual plant high accuracy provides effective technical support.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. full-automatic grain piece-rate system that is used for the species test of individual plant high accuracy, it is characterized in that, comprise spike of rice inlet (1), optoelectronic switch (2), sheller unit, vibration screening mechanism (5), wind device (6), fringe bar outlet (7), grain outlet (8), controller (9), the real grain whereabouts baffle plate (10) of band hairbrush, wind direction guide plate (11), spike of rice pipeline (12), spike of rice transition apparatus (13); Described spike of rice pipeline (12) locates to install optoelectronic switch (2), spike of rice pipeline (12) upper end is right after spike of rice inlet (1), be right after the installation sheller unit behind the spike of rice inlet, sheller unit comprises full grain separating mechanism (3) and flat grain separating mechanism (4), in the middle of full grain separating mechanism and the flat grain separating mechanism spike of rice transition apparatus (13) is installed; Full grain separating mechanism below is equipped with the real grain whereabouts baffle plate (10) of band hairbrush, and flat grain separating mechanism lower end is equipped with wind direction guide plate (11); The sheller unit below is vibration screening mechanism (5); The upper right side of vibration screening mechanism is wind device (6), and the lower-left end is fringe bar outlet (7), and the vibration screening mechanism below is grain outlet (8); Controller is written into the program that weaves in advance in (9), and controller is controlled whole threshing course automatically according to institute's reception optoelectronic switch induction input signal.
2. the full-automatic grain piece-rate system that is used for the species test of individual plant high accuracy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sheller unit comprises a toothrow shape cylinder (14) and the dentation belt conveyor (15) under it, cylinder and belt conveyor are coupled by sawtooth, and the dentation cylinder passes through adjustable bearing fixing up and down; Adjustable up and down bearing is connected and composed by nut (16), spring (17) and bearing (18) from top to bottom, and the pressure that adjusting nut can change middle springs moves up and down bearing centre, and then changes the pressure between dentation cylinder and pipeline belt; Wherein, have dentation cylinder that elastic force fixes than the bearing of little spring relatively and under the dentation belt conveyor constitute a full grain separating mechanism, have dentation cylinder and flat separating mechanism of the formation of dentation belt conveyor down thereof that the bearing of the relatively large spring of elastic force fix.
3. the full-automatic grain piece-rate system that is used for the species test of individual plant high accuracy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the panel of described vibration screening mechanism is the fish scale sieve plate; It below the fish scale sieve plate grain gathering unit of a skewed slot type; Gathering unit is installed a pole (19) down, it under the pole roller (20), the roller below connects the tumbler (21) of a surperficial dipping and heaving, tumbler is connected on the motor by bearing (22), tumbler rotated when motor rotated, thereby made whole vibration screening mechanism (5) up-down vibration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102416066A CN101933436B (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2010-07-30 | Full-automatic grain separation system for high-accuracy single plant inspection |
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| CN2010102416066A CN101933436B (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2010-07-30 | Full-automatic grain separation system for high-accuracy single plant inspection |
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| CN101933436A true CN101933436A (en) | 2011-01-05 |
| CN101933436B CN101933436B (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838819A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 洛阳理工学院 | Different-speed shelling and separating device for wheat |
| CN105052410A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-18 | 新津县宝龙生态家庭农场 | Vibrating type rice and wheat threshing device |
| RU2625674C1 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-07-18 | Александр Михайлович Бобров | Grain cleaning air-sieve machine |
| CN108738723A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 芜湖华诚农业技术有限公司 | A kind of novel rice thresher |
| CN109819777A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-31 | 广州市永合祥自动化设备科技有限公司 | Spike of rice shells grain system, spike of rice stripping grain device and spike of rice and shells grain method |
| CN109874447A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-14 | 广州市永合祥自动化设备科技有限公司 | Species test analysis system, species test analytical equipment and species test analysis method |
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| JP2004321072A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Grain culm threshing apparatus for thresher |
| CN201032770Y (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2008-03-12 | 潘希亮 | Winnowing vibrating screen threshing mill |
| CN201491526U (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-06-02 | 华中科技大学 | Small-size automatic threshing device of single ear of rice and wheat |
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| JP2000004653A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2000-01-11 | Kubota Corp | Thresher |
| JP2004321072A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Grain culm threshing apparatus for thresher |
| CN201032770Y (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2008-03-12 | 潘希亮 | Winnowing vibrating screen threshing mill |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838819A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 洛阳理工学院 | Different-speed shelling and separating device for wheat |
| CN105052410A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-18 | 新津县宝龙生态家庭农场 | Vibrating type rice and wheat threshing device |
| RU2625674C1 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-07-18 | Александр Михайлович Бобров | Grain cleaning air-sieve machine |
| CN108738723A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 芜湖华诚农业技术有限公司 | A kind of novel rice thresher |
| CN108738723B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-03-09 | 正大(东营)生态农业有限公司 | Rice ear thresher |
| CN109819777A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-31 | 广州市永合祥自动化设备科技有限公司 | Spike of rice shells grain system, spike of rice stripping grain device and spike of rice and shells grain method |
| CN109874447A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-14 | 广州市永合祥自动化设备科技有限公司 | Species test analysis system, species test analytical equipment and species test analysis method |
| CN109819777B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-10-30 | 广州市永合祥自动化设备科技有限公司 | Rice ear threshing system, rice ear threshing device and rice ear threshing method |
| CN109874447B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-05-07 | 广州市永合祥自动化设备科技有限公司 | Examination species analysis system, examination species analysis device and examination species analysis method |
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