JP2000004653A - Thresher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thresher capable of reducing the vibration or noise during the operation while carrying out the miniaturization of the thresher and eliminating even the drawing in of grain culms. SOLUTION: This thresher is obtained by composing a conveying system for nipping plant feet of reaped grain culms and conveying the grain culms in a transversely directed posture of a conveying belt DV in a lower part and a nipping rail in an upper part and further installing a pair of upper and lower degraining belts 22 for nipping grain bearing parts at the ear tips of the conveyed reaped grain culms from the upper and lower directions thereinto and is capable of setting the relative speed so as to decelerate the other when one of the degraining belts 22 is accelerated and thereby carrying out the degraining of the grain bearing parts by twisting actions with a speed difference. Furthermore, the thresher is composed so as to make the averaged feeding speed of the respective degraining belts 22 nearly coincident with the feeding speed of the conveying belt DV and thereby smoothly feed the reaped grain culms.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is provided with a separating mechanism for separating a grain from a grain rod by acting on a grained portion of the grain rod transported in a state where the base of the stock is clamped by a clamping transport mechanism. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for reducing the vertical dimension of a separation mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a technique for reducing the vertical dimension of a separation mechanism as described above, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-199720, the separation mechanism rotates around an axis in a front-rear position. As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-199721, a plurality of small-diameter handling cylinders are arranged, and a pulley that is rotatable around an axis in a front-rear position in a handling room is handled on an outer peripheral surface. There is a wound endless belt with teeth.

[0003]

In both of the above two conventional examples, the vertical size of the handling chamber is reduced and the threshing apparatus can be reduced in size as compared with the case using a single handling cylinder. ing. However, in each of the conventional examples, the tooth handling is moved at a relatively high speed in order to obtain the same performance as that using a single handling cylinder. Grain breakage due to contact with teeth is also likely to occur. Further, in both of the conventional examples, since the moving direction of the tooth handling is set in the direction in which the grain stick is extended, the inconvenience of pulling out the grain stick from the feed chain and pulling it into the handling chamber easily occurs, and there is room for improvement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a threshing apparatus capable of reducing vibration and noise during operation while reducing the size of the threshing apparatus and eliminating pulling of a grain rod.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, as set forth in the opening paragraph, granulation of a grain rod conveyed in a state in which the stock side is pinched by a pinching and conveying mechanism. In a threshing device provided with a separating mechanism that acts on a part and separates grains from a cereal rod, the separating mechanism nips the tip side of the cereal rod transported by the nipping and transporting mechanism, and moves in the transport direction of the nipping and transporting apparatus. Along with a pair of endless rotating bands, and the speed of the other endless rotating band based on one of the pair of endless rotating bands fluctuates so as to repeatedly increase and decrease. In addition, the average feed speed of each endless rotating band is set so as to substantially match the transport speed of the nipping transport mechanism, and the operation and effect are as follows.

A second feature of the present invention (claim 2) is that in claim 1, the holding and conveying mechanism is provided with a lower endless rotating band for conveyance and an upper holding rail so that the grain rod can be turned sideways. Along with being configured to be transported in a posture, the pair of endless rotating bands are constituted by an upper endless rotating band and a lower endless rotating band so as to sandwich the grain rod in a horizontal position from above and below,
The structure is such that the grains separated from the grain rod are sent out in a state of falling downward from the transport end position of the lower endless rotating belt, and the operation and effect are as follows.

A third feature of the present invention (claim 3) is that, in claim 1 or 2, further comprising a pair of drive mechanisms for independently driving the pair of endless rotating bands, and a respective endless rotating band. The point is that the drive mode of the drive mechanism is set so that one of the belts is decelerated when the other is accelerated.
The effects are as follows.

A fourth feature of the present invention (claim 4) is that, in claim 3, the drive mechanism has a non-circular gear, an eccentric pulley, and an eccentric with respect to a system for transmitting power to each endless rotating band. A non-constant speed transmission member, such as a sprocket, that changes the speed of power transmitted during one rotation, is used, and the rotation phase of the non-constant speed transmission member is set so that when one of the endless rotating bands increases in speed, the other decelerates. The operation and effect are as follows.

According to the first feature, in a state in which a pair of endless rotating bands sandwich the spike end of the grain rod to apply pressure, the speed difference between the endless rotating bands causes the endless rotating bands to separate from the grain rod. As a result of the torsion force in the direction of normal rotation and the torsion force in the reverse direction repeatedly acting on the tip of the spike, the grains are separated from the grain rod by this torsion force,
Unlike a conventional threshing device that separates grains by a striking action of tooth handling, no large vibration or noise is generated. Also, since the averaged feed speed of each of the pair of endless rotating bands substantially matches the transport speed of the nipping transport mechanism, the relative positional relationship between the spike tip of the grain rod and the root part of the grain rod changes during threshing. Also, there is no possibility that the grain rod is drawn into the endless rotating belt.

According to the second feature, the cereal rod is fed in a horizontal position by the nipping and transporting mechanism and the upper and lower endless rotating belts. Can be suppressed from increasing in the vertical dimension of the threshing device as compared with the case in which is processed in an oblique posture. Also, the grains separated from the tip of the grain rod are sent out in a state of falling downward from the transport end position of the lower endless rotating belt, so that the grains are collected from a predetermined position and sorted thereafter. Processing becomes easier.

According to the third feature, when a twisting force is applied to the tip of the grain rod by the endless rotating band, the endless rotating bands operate in opposite directions to each other, so that only one of the endless rotating bands is used. As compared with the case where the speed is changed, it is possible to easily generate a large speed difference and to improve the performance of separating the kernel from the tip of the grain rod.

According to the fourth feature, only the variable speed transmission member is interposed in the rotary transmission system for driving the endless rotating band,
By increasing the relative speed difference between each of the pair of endless rotating bands, it is possible to improve the performance of separating grains from the tips of the grain rods.

[Effects of the Invention] Accordingly, a threshing apparatus capable of reducing vibration and noise and eliminating pulling in of a grain rod is rationally constructed (claim 1). In addition, the vertical dimension is reduced so that the size of the threshing apparatus can be reduced, and it is not unreasonable to perform the grain sorting process (claim 2). As a result, the separation performance of the grain rod can be enhanced (claim 3), and the separation of the grain from the grain rod can be efficiently performed by employing a simple transmission structure (claim 4).

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cutting pre-processing unit A is provided at the front end of a vehicle body 2 having a crawler traveling device 1 so as to be able to move up and down by the operation of a hydraulic cylinder 3. 2, a threshing device B is mounted on the left side, and a boarding operation unit C is disposed on the right front part of the vehicle body 2.
A combine is formed by disposing the Glen tank 4 at the rear position of the boarding operation section C.

The pre-cutting section A includes an elevating device 5 for raising the planted grain rod, an auxiliary transport belt 6 for feeding the planted grain rod stock backward, and a hair clipper for cutting the planted grain rod stock. A cutting unit 7 having a mold, and a squeezing rotary body 8 for squeezing the base of the cutting bar K whose stock is cut by the cutting device 7;
It is configured to include a stock-holding and conveying device D for holding the stock of the cutting grain K and sending it to the threshing device B, and a tip locking and conveying device E for abutting and conveying the tip of the cutting grain K. Have been.
Further, the stock-holding / conveying device E includes a resin-made conveying belt DV,
And a pinching rod 9 disposed on the conveying surface side of the conveying belt DV. The spike engaging and conveying device E is provided with a large number of locking claws 11 which can be raised and lowered with respect to the endless chain 10. I have.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the conveyor belt DV of the stock-holding / conveying device D has an idler wheel 12 rotatably supported about a vertical axis at a position above the raking rotator 8. From
It is rotatable around the horizontal axis at the rear side position of the threshing device B via a plurality of idlers 13 which are disposed on the rear side of the idler wheel 12 and are rotatably supported around an axis in an inclined posture. The transport surface is smoothly changed from a substantially vertical posture to a horizontal posture by being wound around the drive wheel body 14 supported by the support member. On the side of the threshing device B, a pinching rail 15 is arranged with its position set on the upper surface of the conveyor belt DV, and when the cutting bar K is supplied to the threshing device B, the conveying belt DV and the pinching rail 15 are connected to each other. During this time, the stock of the harvesting grain stick K is sent rearward while being pinched. Since the transport path of the cutting grain stick K is formed in this way, the cutting grain stick K smoothly changes from a vertical position to a horizontal position in which the tip side is directed toward the inside of the vehicle body, and is sent to the threshing apparatus B in this horizontal position. It has become.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the transport belt DV
Is arranged on the inner surface side of a first member 18 made of a material that can be flexibly deformed while expansion and contraction is suppressed, such as cloth or wire, and is formed on the outer surface side of the first member 18 such as urethane foam or soft rubber. The first member 18 is bonded and integrated with the second member 19 on the outer surface side where elastic compression deformation in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first member 18 is allowed. A plurality of protrusions 20 having a sawtooth shape are formed, and further, a concave portion 21A which continuously engages with a gear-shaped protrusion 14A formed on the drive wheel body 14 is continuously formed on the inner surface side of the first member 18. A flexible resin engaging member 21 is provided. A single groove 20A into which the holding rail 15 is fitted is formed along the conveyance direction at a center position in the width direction of the projection 20, and the holding rail 15 and the conveyance belt DV form the first groove 20A. Is configured. The holding rail 15 is formed by fixing a single plate-like member to the side of the threshing device B.
A guide plate 16 is arranged on the lower surface side of the transfer area.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the threshing apparatus B
Is a vertical mechanism by arranging a pair of degraning belts 22 sandwiching the tip of the cutting grain rod K from above and below as a separating mechanism for separating the kernel from the grain setting part of the tip of the cutting grain rod K inside the grain-removing chamber BR. Is made smaller. In other words, each of the grain removal belts 22 is formed by forming a large number of small projections 22A on the outer peripheral surface of a resin material that can be flexibly deformed while suppressing expansion and contraction, and the upper and lower grain removal belts 22, 22 are arranged at front and rear positions. Around the rollers 23, 23.
Further, a pair of front and rear rollers 23, 23 at the lower position are in
R, which is immovably supported with respect to the
Is a pair of swinging arms 24, 24.
By supporting the upper end of the roller 23, a spring 25 for urging the pair of upper rollers 23, 23 downwards is provided, so that the upper and lower degranulation belts 23, 23 are respectively supported. 23 are arranged in contact with each other, and can be retracted upward in response to an increase in the volume of the supplied cutting kernels K. In addition, a posture holding plate 26 for maintaining the facing surface of the degranulation belt 22 in a parallel posture is disposed at an intermediate position between the front and rear rollers 23, 23.

As shown in FIG. 6, a driving mechanism of the degranulation belt 22 is configured. That is, a pair of eccentric pulleys 27, 27 (an example of a non-uniform speed transmission member) driven by power from an engine (not shown) are provided, and the respective degranulation belts 22, 27 are provided.
The drive shaft 23 of the rear rollers 23, 23 around which the roller 22 is wound
A and 23A are provided with circular pulleys 28 and 28, and an endless belt 29 is extended over each circular pulley 28 and the eccentric pulley 27.
And a tension roller 31 supported on the swing end of a swing arm 30 so as to apply tension to the endless belt 29. One of the degranulation belts 22 is rotated by the rotation of each eccentric pulley 27. Each of the eccentric pulleys 2 is configured to reduce the speed of the other degranulation belt 22 when the speed is increased.
By setting the rotational phases of the belts 7 and 27, the driving direction is set so that the opposing surfaces of the respective belts 22 and 22 are sent rearward.
The speed difference is set so that the relative drive speed of the belt 22 repeats the increase and decrease in a short time, and the average transport speed of each of the degranulation belts 22 and 22 matches the transport speed of the transport belt DV. The drive system is configured to operate. By providing this drive system, as shown in FIG. 7, the speed relationship between the driving speed Va of the upper degranulation belt 22 and the driving speed Vb of the lower degranulation belt 22 is determined at the timing when one feed speed is maximized. Feed speed is minimized.

[0020] As shown in FIG.
A swing sorting mechanism 34 is arranged at a lower position of the swinging sorter 34 and a guide plate for sending the grains sent out from the conveying ends of the lower degranulation belts 22 and 22 to the front position of the swinging sorter 34. 35 (the guide plate 35 may be formed integrally with the swing sorting mechanism 34). This swing sorting mechanism 34
Is provided with a Karamin 36 for sending a sorting wind to a lower front position, and a No. 1 screw 37 for collecting kernels at a front side of the swinging and sorting mechanism 34, and collecting straws mixed with straw at the rear position. A dust exhaust fan 39 having a second screw 38 and sucking and discharging dust in the threshing device at a position rearward of the swing sorting mechanism.
It has. Further, at the rear end position of the threshing device B, there is provided a waste straw cutter 40 to which the cutting grain rod K is supplied from the transport end of the transport belt DV. The grains collected by the first screw 37 are stored in the Glen tank 4 by the fryer 41 (see FIG. 1), and the straw-mixed grains collected by the second screw 38 are reduced by the reduction device 42. The swing sorting plate 34 is returned to the front part.

With this configuration, when harvesting the planted cereal rod, the raising device 5 sets the planted cereal rod in a standing posture, and the root of the cereal rod is cut by the reaper 7. In this way, the root of the cutting stick K thus cut in the vertical position is pinched by the pinch pinching and conveying device D and simultaneously locked by the tip locking and conveying device E to be conveyed rearward. At the time of transport, the transport surface of the transport belt DV of the stock-holding and transporting device D continuously changes from the vertical position to the horizontal position, and the cutting bar K is fed into the threshing device B. The harvesting rod K is smoothly changed from the vertical position to the horizontal position to the threshing device B without causing the problem of poor delivery of the rod between the processing unit A and the feed chain of the threshing device B. Are supplied.

The threshing apparatus B includes upper and lower threshing belts 22,
22 and put the tip of the cutting grain rod K between
Since the torsional force acts on the tip portion of the cutting stick K by the relative speed change of each of the 22, 22 to separate the grains from the cutting stick K, a threshing device having a handling cylinder Not only can the size in the vertical direction be reduced as compared with the conventional method, but when separating kernels, there is an inconvenience that a strong striking force acts like a conventional cylinder with teeth and damages the kernels. ,
There is no inconvenience that the grain rod is involved, and the dust generated in the grain-removing chamber BR is also reduced. In addition, in this threshing apparatus B, the grain can be threshed with the entire width of the grain-removing belts 22, 22, so that the conventional method can be used. There is no need to adjust the handling depth as in a combine, and the cutting bar K can be transported by the single transport belt DV as described above. The system also has a simple structure by using the eccentric pulleys 27, 27, but can perform good shedding by increasing the relative speed difference between the shedding belts 22, 22.

[Other Embodiments] In the present invention, in addition to the above-described embodiment, for example, a non-circular gear or an eccentric sprocket is provided in a system for driving the degreasing belt 22 so that the degreasing belt 22 is wound. The transmission system can be configured so that the roller 23 moves at a non-uniform speed when the roller 23 performs one rotation. In the present invention, the lower degranulation belt 22 is formed of a net-like material, and the kernel is moved downward. It is also possible to constitute so that it may be filtered.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a transport system for a grain rod.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a threshing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a part of a grain-dropping chamber.

FIG. 5 is a side view of upper and lower degranulation belts.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a drive system for upper and lower degranulation belts.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the driving speeds of the upper and lower degranulation belts.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the transport belt.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a transport belt.

[Explanation of symbols]

 15 Nipping rail 22 Endless rotating belt 27 Variable speed transmission member K

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A threshing device provided with a separation mechanism that acts on a granulating portion of a grain rod conveyed in a state where a stock base side is clamped by a clamping conveyance mechanism to separate grains from the grain rod, The separation mechanism is configured to include a pair of endless rotating bands that sandwich the spike end side of the grain rod conveyed by the sandwiching and conveying mechanism and feed along the conveying direction of the sandwiching and conveying device, and the pair of endless rotating bands. The speed of the other endless rotating band based on one of the moving bands fluctuates so as to repeatedly increase and decrease, and
A threshing device wherein the average feed speed of each endless rotating belt is set to substantially match the transport speed of the nipping transport mechanism. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nipping and conveying mechanism includes a lower endless rotating belt for conveying and an upper nipping rail so as to convey the grain rod in a lateral posture, and the pair of endless turning. The belt is composed of an upper endless turning band and a lower endless turning band so as to sandwich the grain stick in a horizontal position from the vertical direction, and the grains separated from the stick are moved from the transport end position of the lower endless turning band. The threshing device according to claim 1, wherein the threshing device is configured to be fed out in a state of falling downward. 3. A drive mechanism for independently driving each of the pair of endless rotating bands, and a driving form of the driving mechanism such that when one of the endless rotating bands is accelerated, the other is decelerated. The threshing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the threshing device is set. 4. The speed of the power transmitted during one rotation of the drive mechanism, such as a non-circular gear, an eccentric pulley, and an eccentric sprocket, to a system for transmitting power to the respective endless rotating bands changes. 4. The threshing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a variable speed transmission member is used, and a rotation phase of the variable speed transmission member is set such that when the speed of one of the endless rotating bands is increased, the other is decelerated.