RU2623042C1 - Duckfoot cultivator shovel with adjustable incidence angle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: duckfoot cultivator shovel contains a shovel base (1), a nose (2), bolts (3) of the nose fastening, blades (4) and bolts (5) of the blade fastening, connected together. The duckfoot shovel is made collapsible with the possibility of changing the incidence angle. At the base of the shovel (1), a longitudinal through opening (6) with a groove for the heads of the bolts (3) is symmetrically made with the possibility of limited movement of the nose (2) relative to the base of the shovel (1) and its fixing in the longitudinal through opening (6).

EFFECT: rapidity of changing the incidence angle of each cultivator shovel, considerable extension of the operation time of the shovel base, differentiation of replacement, if necessary, of worn-out working bodies, universality of the cultivator use without repositioning and replacement of the working bodies are provided.

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Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to tillage parts of the working bodies of tillage machines.

State of the art

Known lancet cultivator paw, the blade of which has a cladding of wear-resistant material with its penetration through the entire depth and filling the electrode with a technological groove made from the back side (see Patent RU No. 694112. Working body of the cultivator / Yu.V. Verzilov, G.P. Myasoedov, V.M. Koltunov, G.A. Dunin, E.L. Kondratiev, and N.D. Modin. Claimed June 14, 74; published October 30, 79).

The disadvantage of this cultivating paw is the presence of a protruding volume of the deposited metal beyond the geometric parameters established by the agrotechnical conditions, which will impede the movement of the cultivator paw, increasing traction resistance and increasing the energy performance of the cultivating unit. In addition, when the working surfaces of the cutting edge of this leg of the cultivator are worn, it is necessary to completely change it.

Known lancet paws of the cultivator, which is made collapsible and consists of a nose fixed to the base of the paws with bolts of fastening to the rack, and two blades that are inserted into the grooves of the base of the paws and secured by bolts of the blades at the base of the paws (see Patent No. 139150 arrow paw cultivator / Lebedev A.T. et al. / Russian Federation, A01D 35/20. No. 2013101092/13; declared 09.01.2014; publ. 04.10.14. Bull. No. 10. - 8 pp.).

The disadvantages of such a cultivating paw should be considered:

- a fixed angle of attack, which reduces the versatility of the use of this cultivating paw, depending on soil types and row spacing;

- the need for the manufacture of interchangeable blades and bases according to the "tenon-groove" connection scheme, which greatly complicates the design.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors for the prototype is the design of the lancet paws of the cultivator containing interconnected nose, mounting bolts, blades and mounting bolts of blades, etc., made collapsible with the ability to change the angle of attack (see US patent No. 2396132 Cultivator tool / Shaffer Larkin R / United States, A01B 35/26. Publ. 05.03.1946).

The disadvantages of such a cultivating paw should be considered:

- design complexity due to the large number of components;

- the complexity of its settings in preparation for work and adjustment during operation due to the large number of adjustable parameters;

- fastening the blades with the help of pins pos. 22 and adjusting bolts pos. 27 complicate their replacement.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to increase the maintainability of the paws of the cultivator, reducing the cost of restoring its performance and the ability to adjust the angle of attack depending on agricultural requirements and agricultural background.

The technical result that can be achieved using the present invention is to reduce the cost of restoration or replacement of the cultivator paws, increase its practicality and improve the quality of the soil treatment by adjusting the angle of attack of the cultivator paws.

The technical result is achieved using a lancet paw of a cultivator containing interconnected paw base, nose, nose fastening bolts, blades and blade mounting bolts and made collapsible with the ability to change the angle of attack, and the longitudinal through hole with a groove bolt heads and with the possibility of limited movement of the nose relative to the base of the paw and fixing it in a longitudinal through hole.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In Fig 1 - lancet paw of a cultivator with an adjustable angle of attack assembly, top view.

In Fig 2 - lancet paw of a cultivator with an adjustable angle of attack, side view.

In Fig 3 - the location of the nose and blades with a minimum angle of attack of the lancet paws of the cultivator.

In Fig 4 - the location of the nose and blades at the maximum angle of attack of the lancet paws of the cultivator.

On Fig 5 - the base of the paw with a longitudinal through hole, top view.

In Fig.6 is a fragment of the base of the paw with a longitudinal through hole, a side view in section.

The implementation of the invention

The lancet paw of the cultivator comprises interconnected base of the paw 1, nose 2, bolts 3 of the nose attachment 2, blades 4 and bolts 5 of the blade attachment and is made collapsible with the ability to change the angle of attack from α to α ₁ , and the base of the paw 1 is symmetrically made a longitudinal through hole 6 with a groove for the heads of the bolts 3 and with the possibility of limited movement of the nose 2 relative to the base of the paw 1 and securing it in a longitudinal through hole 6.

The arrow foot of the cultivator works as follows:

In the process of cultivation, the lancet paw of the cultivator moves in the upper layer of the earth, cuts weeds with working edges and loosens the soil.

When working with a heavy agricultural background (clay and loamy, clogged soils) or with agricultural requirements that require a minimum processing width, the minimum α angle of attack of the lancet paws of the cultivator is set due to the fact that the bolts 3 of the attachment of the nose 2 are released and the nose 2 moves forward relative to the base of the paw 1, which allows the blades 4 to rotate relative to the axis of the bolts 5 of the fastening of the blades 4 in the direction of convergence, which will correspond to the angle of attack α, with the width of the soil cultivation by the paw L.

When working with a favorable agricultural background (sandy, sandy loam, loose soil) or with agricultural requirements requiring a maximum processing width, the maximum angle _of attack α _{1 of} the lancet paw of the cultivator is set due to the fact that the bolts 3 of the nose attachment 2 are released and the nose 2 moves back relative to the base paws 1, which forces the blades 4 to move apart from each other due to rotation relative to the axis of the bolts 5 of the fastening of the blades 4, which will correspond to the angle of attack α ₁ , when the width of the soil cultivation with the paw L ₁ .

When the working edges of the blades 4 and nose 2 of the lancet paw of the cultivator wear, the bolts 3 of the nose fastening 2 and the bolts 5 of the blade fastening 4 to the base of the 1 foot are unscrewed and the nose 2 and blades 4 are replaced with new elements. Then, the new blades 4 are installed, bolts 5 of the blade fastening to the base of the paw 1. After that, the nose 2 is installed and screwed with bolts 3 securing the nose 2 to the base of the paw 1.

This design of the lancet paws of the cultivator allows, depending on the specific conditions of the agricultural background and agricultural requirements, to quickly change the angle of attack of the paws of the cultivator, and therefore the working width both during continuous and inter-row processing, which increases the universality of its use. And also this design allows you to restore the efficiency of the cultivator paw by not completely replacing it, but replacing only the dull parts of the nose 2 and blades 4, which can significantly extend the life of the base. Due to this, the cost of replacing worn working bodies is significantly reduced.

The invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- allows you to quickly change the angle of attack of each cultivator paws, without replacing them or rearranging their position relative to the frame of the cultivator;

- allows you to significantly extend the operating time of the base of the paw;

- reduces the cost of restoring the health of the lancet paws of the cultivator;

- allows you to use cheaper steel grades for making the base of the paw;

- allows you to differentially change, as necessary, worn working bodies (nose, blades);

- provides universal use of the cultivator without rearrangement and replacement of the working bodies.

Claims (1)

A cultivator lancet paw containing interconnected paw base, nose, nose fastening bolts, blades and blade fastening bolts and made collapsible with the possibility of changing the angle of attack, characterized in that the longitudinal through hole with a groove for the bolt heads is symmetrically made at the base of the paw with the possibility of limited movement of the nose relative to the base of the paw and fixing it in a longitudinal through hole.

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