RU2620009C1 - Method for determining soil nutrition area of agricultural crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves determining the area occupied by plants sown by the hexagonal pattern. The effective nutrition radius of crop plants is preliminary determined. Thereinafter the volume of the soil nutrition area is determined, which is the product of the area occupied by the plant and the penetration depth of the roots. Wherein the volume is determined by the volume of a regular prism with the base in the form of a regular hexagon, and the area occupied by the plant is determined by the area of the regular hexagon obtained by joining the middle perpendiculars of distances to the nearest six plants and forming the base of a regular hexahedral prism. The penetration depth of the roots is determined by a segment drawn perpendicularly from any point of the regular hexahedron down to the depth of 0.35 m and being the hexagonal prism height.

EFFECT: method allows to determine the soil nutrition area of agricultural crops.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to determine the dose of fertilizer, the choice of the soil treatment system and other mechanical influences when cultivating pumpkins, depending on the specific soil and climatic conditions.

It is known that the volume of soil nutrition of a plantation is determined by the value of the root reachable soil horizon and represents the product of the planting area by the depth of root penetration (http://www.activestudy.info/obem-pochvennogo-prostranstva-zanimaemogo-kornevoj-sistemoj-dereva/).

For the prototype, a method was chosen for determining the size of the planting soil space (V _us ), which is determined by the root reach horizon and is calculated by the formula V _us = S _us ⋅H _us , where S _us is the area occupied by the plantation; _We are the depth of root penetration (lit .: Kalinin, M.I., Root studies. - M., 1991) (http://www.derev-grad.ru/pochvovedenie/ploschad-pitaniya-rastenii.html).

A significant disadvantage of this method is the inability to link the data to the selection and justification of the technology of cultivation of crops.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed, the development of a method for determining the conditional zone of soil nutrition relative to the technology of cultivation of crops.

EFFECT: determination of the soil nutrition zone of agricultural crops planted according to the hexagonal pattern.

The specified technical result is achieved by the method of determining the soil nutrition zone of crops, including determining the volume, which is the product of the area occupied by the plant and the depth of penetration of the roots, in which crops are used as plants that are sown according to the hexagonal pattern, the volume is determined by the volume of the correct prism with the base in in the form of a regular hexagon, the area occupied by the plant is determined by the area of the regular hexagon obtained by put m midperpendiculars compound distances to the nearest six plants and is the basis proper hexagonal prism, root penetration depth determined segment drawn perpendicular to any point of the correct hexagon down to a depth of 0.35 meters and a height which is hexagonal prism.

The essential features affecting the achievement of the specified technical result are:

- the use of crops as plants that are sown according to the hexagonal pattern;

- definition of volume in the form of the volume of a regular prism with a base in the form of a regular hexagon;

- determination of the area of a regular hexagon obtained by connecting the middle perpendicular distances to the nearest six plants, and which is the basis of a regular hexagonal prism;

- determination of the penetration depth of the roots in the form of a segment drawn perpendicularly from any point of a regular hexagon down to a depth of 0.35 meters and which is the height of the hexagonal prism.

The definition of volume in the form of the volume of a regular hexagonal prism is due to the fact that the root system of crops repeats this geometric figure with some tolerance. Changing the depth of root penetration is not advisable, since its increase leads to excessive fertilizer application, and its decrease leads to a lack of nutrition.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a plant layout and a method for constructing a regular hexagon.

In FIG. 2 shows a formed prism, a section of the soil.

The method of determining the zone of soil nutrition of crops is implemented as follows.

Preliminarily, the effective radius R (b / 2) of the nutrition of plants of agricultural crops (watermelon, cucumber, zucchini, etc., which were planted according to the hexagonal pattern) was determined, then the actual nutrition zone of plants for real crops was determined taking into account the found effective nutrition radii and root propagation depth system. In the experiments performed at different distances between plants (within 0.2-3.0 m), the distance was determined at which the main quality indicators of a particular culture corresponded to the maximum values. Experiments were conducted with hexagonal placement of plants in the crop. This placement was formed as follows. The distance between each neighboring plant was b, the distance between each adjacent row was 0.85b (a coefficient of 0.85 is a constant value between rows in a hexagonal seeding system). In row 1 adjacent to row 1, each plant was also located at a distance b from the previous one, but here each plant was located opposite the middle of the gap between the plants in row 1, i.e. row 2 is shifted by a distance of 0.5b in the direction of the rows. As a result, the plants in the sowing were placed uniformly as follows: one plant in the corners of the regular hexagon and in the center (hexagonal sowing pattern). Thus, each plant had six neighboring regular hexagons located at the vertices, in the center of which was the given plant. They were located at the same distance b from the given plant and from each other.

The plant nutrition zone was presented in the form of a prism, which repeats the root system of the plant.

The soil nutrition zone was determined by the volume of the regular prism with the base in the form of a regular hexagon, the area occupied by the plant was determined by the area of the regular hexagon obtained by connecting the middle perpendiculars of the distances to the nearest six plants and being the base of the regular hexagonal prism, the depth of penetration of the roots of crops was determined by the segment drawn perpendicularly from any point of a regular hexagon down to a depth of 0.35 meters and being a height of worn prism.

The depth of 0.35 meters was justified by the content of up to 95% of the root system of plants of agricultural crops at a given depth, and the distance between plants b was chosen experimentally for each crop. The determination of the soil nutrition zone made it possible to determine the necessary depth of cultivation, depth and quantity of fertilizer application.

Thus, the claimed method allows to determine the zone of soil nutrition of crops planted according to the hexagonal pattern.

Claims (1)

        A method for determining the soil nutrition zone of agricultural crops, including determining the area occupied by plants sown according to the hexagonal pattern, characterized in that the effective radius of nutrition of plants of agricultural crops is preliminarily determined, then the volume of the soil nutrition zone, which is the product of the area occupied by the plant, and the penetration depth are determined roots, while the volume is determined by the volume of the regular prism with the base in the form of a regular hexagon, and the area occupied by the plant eat, determine the area of the regular hexagon obtained by connecting the middle perpendiculars of the distances to the nearest six plants and which is the basis of the regular hexagonal prism, and the depth of penetration of the roots is determined by the segment drawn perpendicularly from any point of the regular hexagon down to a depth of 0.35 m and which is the height of the hexagonal prism .

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