RU2616827C1 - Device for fishing fish and marine invertebrates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device includes the net part, the upper framing rope with floats fixed on it, the lower framing rope with a sinker, the driying ropes, the locking rings on bridles, and the purseline. The net part is made with the shore part made in the shape of a triangle and the tow part made in the shape of an anisoplural trapezoid. The lower bag in the shape of a rectangle with the displacement towards the shore part is placed between these parts. The lower bag is equipped with a framework of strengthening lines arranged vertically and horizontally, and double net coating is made in its center. The shore part is made with the side edge, on which locking rings on bridles are evenly distributed; the purseline passes through the locking rings. The lower framing rope sinker is made in the form of a concentrative load arranged at the junction of the shore part and the lower bag, and loads placed along the lower framing rope of the lower bag and the tow part. The tow part is equipped with an edge having a tow edge to which ropes made in the form of bridles are uniformly attached, turning into a single tow rope attached to the sampling mechanism. On the lower framing rope of the tow part rings are fixed, from which vertical strengthening lines with drying rings fixed thereon in regular intervals are fixed up the net web of the tow part. Drying ropes are passed through the drying rings and the rings on the lower framing rope, one end of which is fixed on the upper framing rope, and the other is attached to the sampling mechanism.

EFFECT: increased fishing efficiency.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to industrial fishing, and in particular to devices for fishing, and can be used for fishing and marine invertebrates that respond positively to light.

A side saury trap is known, which contains a net portion, equipped with overhangs in the upper selection, and with three weights in the lower selection. Rings through which the tie ropes pass are attached to the side rebounds. In the working position, an airborne trap is mounted on the bow and stern shots (Handbook of the captain of a fishing vessel. - M., VO Agropromizdat, 1990, pp. 228-229).

The disadvantages of this trap include the attachment of the trap to the bow and stern shots. The length of the shots is limited and does not allow to open the trap over the entire area on which the fish gather, since the light spreads over a large area (from 30 to 50 m), and, as a result, the fishing efficiency is low. In addition, fishing with this trap is technically quite complicated, since the strength of the shots is directly dependent on their length. In the case of making shots of the order of 50 m, the ship can simply lie on one side. Due to the aforementioned drawbacks, the trap is not applicable for fishing on large and high-sided vessels.

A device for fishing is known, containing a net bag, equipped with a top selection overlay, and at the bottom selection - with loads, coupling rings and a coupling cable. In addition, the net bag is additionally equipped with triangular net plates and rectangular flat elastic hydrodynamic elements. Triangular net plates are attached to the lateral net bag selections, and rectangular flat elastic hydrodynamic elements are fixed on the inside of the triangular net plates perpendicular to the outside of the triangular net plate, while adjacent flat elastic hydrodynamic elements partially overlap each other (Cl. RF 2264098, A01K73 / 00, published on November 20, 2005).

Unfortunately, this fishing gear is not suitable for trawler vessels because of their technical characteristics, as these vessels have fishing equipment, the superstructure is located closer to the bow, and the bow deck is located at a level exceeding the level of the stern. This trap cannot be placed along the entire length of the vessel, as a result of which the area of fishing is significantly reduced. The catching part of the trap is determined by the placement of goods (not more than 24 m), which reduces its fishing characteristics, making the known fishing gear not effective enough.

The closest in number of essential features to the claimed invention is a device for fishing, containing a net part equipped with a top selection with overhangs, a bottom selection with loads and coupling rings and a coupling cable passed through the latter. Lifting rings are fixed symmetrically along the top set, lower rings are fixed to each lower set, each pair consisting of a tightening and lifting (drying) ring is equipped with a lifting cable, the last one covers the net part of the net on the sides and is passed along the top set and the tightening cable (Russian Federation No. 2048094 IPC A01K73 / 00, _publ. 20.11.1995).

The disadvantages of this fishing gear include:

- the device relates to a purse seine net, which has a long fishing cycle, which complicates the fishing of fish that respond positively to light, and, as a result, it is ineffective for fishing hydrobionts of this species;

- the net part of the device is symmetrical, which also practically does not allow it to be used for fishing saury from large-tonnage and high-sided trawler vessels;

- the device is equipped with only one drying ring, this will lead to the fact that the fish will not only not be caught, but there will also be problems during its overfilling;

- uniform loading on the bottom selection does not allow to transfer the fish to the drain part;

- a complex system of moving cables located in the rings on the upper selection is extremely difficult to implement, in connection with which the contact of moving cables with the net sheet is inevitable and, as a result, the net is pulled into the rings, which will lead to a hard-to-eliminate accident.

The task is to develop a device for fishing from the side of high-tonnage high-tonnage vessels, while increasing the area of fishing, making the length of the device commensurate with the length of the vessel and thereby increase the efficiency of fishing.

The problem is solved in that in the known device for fishing and marine invertebrates, containing a net part, an upper selection with welded on it, a lower selection with loading, drying ropes, tie rings on a bridle and a tie cable, according to the invention, the net part is equipped with a stain the part made in the form of a triangle and the beige part made in the form of an unequal trapezoid, between which there is a drain part made in the form of a rectangle with an offset towards the heel part, while and equipped with a frame of veins arranged vertically and horizontally, and in the center has a double net coating; the heel part is made with a lateral edge on which the coupling rings on the bridles are evenly distributed, the coupling cable is passed through the coupling rings; loading of the lower selection is made in the form of a concentrating cargo located at the junction of the stain and drain parts, and with goods located on the lower selection of the drain and beige parts; the beige part is equipped with a bezel with a beige edge, to which ropes made in the form of bridles are uniformly attached, turning into a single beige rope, mounted on a selective mechanism. Rings are fixed on the bottom selection of the beige part, from which vertical veins are placed upwards along the net of the beige part with evenly drying rings fixed on them, drying ropes are passed through the drying rings and rings on the lower selection, one end of which is fixed to the upper selection and the other is attached to the selective mechanism.

In order to reduce the accident rate when working with a fishing gear, the number of drying rings fixed on the vertical veins of the beige part is reduced towards the beige edge. Since the height of the net is reduced in this case, the likelihood of formation of slack of the net and getting it inside the ring when drying the fishing gear is significantly reduced.

Placing the load on the bottom selection of the drain and beige parts differentially with increasing distance between them towards the beige edge reduces labor costs for drying fishing gear and increases the safety of its operation. In addition, this allows to increase the sampling speed and significantly reduce the processing time of fishing gear, which, in the final result, increases the efficiency of fishing.

Another variant of cargo placement also allows achieving the above effect. So, the goods on the bottom selection of the drain part are placed evenly and unevenly on the bottom selection of the beige part. The uniform distribution of cargo over the selection of the drainage part ensures that the drainage part remains rectangular in shape during operation of the device, and the uneven distribution of the load along the lower selection of the beige section allows to increase the sampling speed and, thereby, significantly reduce the processing time of the fishing gear.

The implementation of the net fabric in the form of three parts: stain, drain and beige, makes it possible to deliver and load them on the vessel separately and connect them directly on the vessel with the help of the crew. Transporting fishing gear of a large size is fraught with a number of difficulties. Due to the presence of three parts of the net web, the fishing gear reaches dimensions commensurate with the length of the vessel, as a result of which the catchability of the fishing gear is significantly increased.

The execution of the heel part in the form of a triangle allows you to remove the load from the net fabric of the heel part, since the coupling rings are evenly spaced along the lateral edge, the concentrating load and the heel edge are located at opposite angles. Due to this, the lateral edge works in tension, which prevents the net web of the spot from being torn (destroyed) and helps to maintain the working shape of the fishing gear during setting and hauling.

The execution of the beige part in the form of an unequal trapezoid is necessary to maintain the integrity of the net web during its operation, especially with large catches. To reduce the significant load on the net web, the junction of the beige part is connected to the beige edge by means of several ropes that remove the load from the net web of the beige part. This ensures the preservation of the working form of the fishing gear, as well as the strength of the fishing gear when it is selected.

The execution of the drain part in the form of a rectangle with an offset towards the heel part in the best way ensures the reception of the catch. Since the load on the net cloth in this case increases significantly, the drain part is supplied not only with vertical and horizontal veins, but also with a double net cloth. This allows you to take the fishing gear a significant catch and at the same time maintain the integrity of both the net and the whole fishing gear. In the end result, the efficiency of fishing is significantly increased.

The supply of fishing gear with spot and beige fishing trunks, together with the overburden fixed on the upper selection, provide the fishing gear with the fishing gear of the working form and also create the maximum space between the side of the vessel and the fishing gear in order to capture the fishing gear more. And, as a result, contribute to an increase in fishing area and increase the efficiency of fishing.

The presence of vertical veins on the net web of the beige part is, first of all, necessary for ensuring the operability of the fishing gear and preserving the integrity of the net web. It is on the veins that the drying rings are attached, through which drying ropes are passed, with the help of which fishing gear is sampled.

Differential loading - concentrating cargo and cargoes fixed on the lower selection of the drain and beige parts provide the fishing gear with its working form when fishing, and also help maintain the integrity of the net when drying the catch.

As selective mechanisms, in particular, various winches, drums, network-selection machines can be used. The device is illustrated by the following drawing: presents a General view of the device.

The device for fishing includes a net part, functionally divided into three parts: spot 1, beige 2 and drain 3. The net part is equipped with a top 4 selection with welded on it 5 and bottom 6 selection with loading, which is made in the form of a concentrating load 7, placed at the junction of the spot 1 and drain 3 parts, and weights 8 located on the bottom selection drain 3 and beige 2 parts. The fifth part 1 is made in the shape of a triangle, and the beige 2 part is made in the form of an uneven trapezoid, between which a drain 3 part is in the form of a rectangle with an offset to the side of the spot 1 part, while it is equipped with a frame of veins 9 arranged vertically and horizontally, and in the center has a double net coating 10. The fifth part is made with a side 11 edge on which the tie rods 12 are evenly distributed on the bridles 13, through the tie rods 12 the tie cable 14 is passed, which is connected to the drum of the reversible winch (on drawing is not indicated). The beige 2 part is made with a notch 15, which is connected to the beige edge 16 by means of several ropes 17. The notch 15 is fixed to the winch (not indicated in the drawing). On the bottom 6 selection, in the section of the beige 2 part, rings 18 are fixed, through which the drying ropes 19 are passed, one end of which is fixed to the upper 4 ropes and the other attached to the winch (not indicated in the drawing), the number of drying ropes 19 is equal to the number of rings 18, fixed on the bottom selection of the beige part, from each ring 18 upward along the net part there is fixed a vein 20, on which the drying rings 21 are evenly placed, their number from the ring 18 to the top 4 of the selection decreases towards the beige 16 edge. To the extreme corner of the spot 1 part, a spot edge 22 is attached, mounted on a winch (selective mechanism, not shown in the drawing).

The device operates as follows.

Upon arrival of the vessel in the fishing area, commercial lighting is switched on, luring a school of fish to the side of the vessel, then the concentrating cargo 7 is lowered and at the same time the lower 6 selection under the water is lowered. With the help of a winch, the coupling cable 14 is etched together with the side edge 11 through the coupling rings 12 fixed on the bridles 13 until the fifth shear 22 is fixed on one of the selective mechanisms, for example, a winch (not indicated in the drawing) located at the stern of the vessel. The bottom 6 of the selection is lowered under the influence of loads 8 and the fishing gear takes on a working form. The working form is supported by the top 4 selection with 5 overhangs, as well as spot 22 and beige 15 cuts. Then, the vessel with the help of thrusters departs from the fishing gear and, with the help of light manipulation, the fish is transferred to the space formed between the top 4 selection and the hull of the vessel. Then, upon reaching a sufficient concentration of fish, red chandeliers turn on, the fish “boils” (reaches maximum concentration near the water surface), the concentrating cargo 7 is selected using a winch to the water surface, a beige 15 edge is selected using a winch located on the bow of the vessel (in the drawing not shown). As a result, the spot 1 is selected and a net bag is formed, the fish is caught. Then, drying 19 ropes are alternately selected. When sampling, the drying rope 19 passes through the ring 18 of the lower 6 rebounds and the drying rings 21 fixed on the veins 20 of the mesh web of the beige part, and passes through the winch (not indicated in the drawing). In this case, the net cloth of the beige 2 parts, located between the veins 20, is collected in a tourniquet, the water is drained, and the fish is moved to the drain 3 part. First, a drying rope 19 is selected, which is closer to the beige edge 16, due to which the fish moves to the drain 3 parts as the drying rope 19 is sampled. After sampling the drying rope 19, which is as close as possible to the drain 3 parts, reinforced by vertical and horizontal 9 veins, the fish is in the area of double full 10. The caught fish is removed from the fishing gear using a fish pump.

Claims (4)

1. A device for fishing and marine invertebrates, comprising a net portion, an upper selection with welded bonded wires, a lower selection with loading, drying ropes, tie rings on a bridle and a tie cable, characterized in that the net part is made with a stain part made in the form of a triangle, and a beige part made in the form of an unequal trapezoid, between which a drain part in the form of a rectangle with an offset towards the heel part is placed, and is equipped with a frame of veins arranged vertically and horizontally flax, as webbing double coating is made on the center; the heel part is made with a lateral edge on which the coupling rings on the bridles are evenly distributed, the coupling cable is passed through the coupling rings; loading of the lower selection is made in the form of a concentrating cargo located at the junction of the stain and drain parts, and with goods located on the lower selection of the drain and beige parts; the beige part is equipped with a cut-off having a beige edge to which ropes made in the form of bridles are evenly attached, turning into a single beige rope fixed on a selective mechanism, rings are fixed on the bottom selection of the beige part, from which vertical veins are placed up the net of the beige part with evenly drying rings fixed on them, drying ropes are passed through the drying rings and rings on the lower selection, one end of which is fixed to the upper selection and the other is attached to the selective mechanism. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the number of drying rings fixed on the vertical veins of the beige part is reduced towards the beige edge. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the goods on the lower selection of the drain and the beige part are placed differentially with increasing distance between them towards the beige edge. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the goods on the lower selection of the drain part are placed evenly and unevenly on the lower selection of the beige part.

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