RU2614800C1 - Sowing section of press seed-fertiliser drill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: sowing section of a press seed-fertiliser drill is designed for carrying out four process operations in one pass: loosening the soil in the planting area, introducing a basic fertiliser below the level of planting, sowing the seeds of two rows on the compacted bed, and compacting the soil over the seeds. The basic structural elements of the sowing section, carrying out four process operations in one pass, are the cutter wheel 20 equipped with two flanges 21, two seed ducts 17 with elastic seed guides 18, the fertiliser duct 15 with the arcuate fertiliser tamper 16, two discs 11, and two rollers 13. The plate spring 2 is rigidly fixed to the frame 1 with its front end. Its rear end is equipped with the bushing 3 pivotally connected with the finger 4 to the upper end of the bracket 5. The lower end of the bracket 5 is fixedly connected to the beam 6. The drag links are rigidly connected to the beam ends with their middle part.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the process reliability of the sowing section.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the coulters of grain fertilizer seeders.

Known pneumatic seeder with a central metering system [RU 2457656 C2, AC 7/04 (2006.01), 08/10/2012]. It contains a centralized hopper with a metering device, pneumatically connected through a seed distributor with openers mounted on the frame and including a stand, a cultivating paw, a seed stacker with a vertical channel and a comb seal, one end of which is connected by a flexible connection, and is characterized in that the comb seal is made of two parts, the first of which is fixed below on the loosening paw, forming a triangular wedge with it, the second part of the seal-comb is made in the form of a plate.

The disadvantage of the proposed device is the lack of structural elements for local subsoil fertilizer application, in addition, the comb-seal plate slides along the bottom of the furrow, makes contact with the seeds, which leads to their damage, the coulter of the air seeder sows only one row of seeds.

Known opener with a device for fixing seeds in the furrow [RU 2274990 C1, A01C 7/20 (2006.01), 04/27/2006]. The coulter contains successively one after the other a ridge, opener runners, a compactor, and shorting to return the dry soil layer. The sealant is made in the form of two spherical disks located at an angle to the vertical plane. Zagortachi for returning the dry layer and mulching are made in the form of two brushes.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of structural elements for intra-soil fertilization. The proposed opener is intended for sowing seeds only on loosened, leveled soils.

Known opener [RU 2348141 C1, AC 7/20 (2006.01), 03/10/2009]. It contains a stand, a cultivating paw, a pipe line and a seed laying machine. The seed packer is fixed rigidly to the coulter bracket and is equipped with a sealant comb. The sealant is clamped at one end on the vertical channel of the seed depositor using an annular clamp, and the other is connected to the spring element. The spring element allows the comb-seal to oscillate with the formation of a dynamic spot of its contact with the soil.

The disadvantage of the proposed opener is the lack of structural elements that exclude clogging of soil with the fertilizer duct and seed stacker, in addition, the seeds are located above a row of fertilizers, which can lead to burns of plant roots.

Known opener for subsoil-press spread sowing of seeds [RU 79367 U1, АСС 7/20 (2006.01), 01/10/2009]. The coulter contains a test tube with a lancet paw, under which there is a seed distributor and a sealing flap for pressing the sown seeds into the seed bed, characterized in that the sealing flap has plates in the form of plates protruding obliquely on both sides, protruding above the rear wall of the lancet paw and deployed at an angle that allows the flaps to move the earth to the center of the sowing strip, while the sealing flap and flaps are rigidly interconnected.

The disadvantage of the proposed opener is the lack of structural elements for subsoil fertilizer application, the opener sows one row of seeds, contact of the sealant with the seeds may damage them.

The device of the sowing section of the grain-type seeder of the press type will be clear from the drawings and description of the device.

FIG. 1 - sowing section of grain-type seeder of press type (side view).

FIG. 2 - sowing section of a grain-type press seeder (top view).

FIG. 3 - sowing section grain press seeder type (front view).

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the placement of fertilizers and seeds in loose soil formed by a circular knife, where B is the row spacing.

The sowing section of a grain-type press seeder includes: frame 1, leaf spring 2, sleeve 3, pin 4, bracket 5, beam 6, longitudinal rods 7, sleeve 8, eccentric axis 9, latch of the eccentric axis 10, discs 11, axle of rollers 12, rollers 13, transverse beam 14, bead conduit 15, bead sealer of an arcuate shape 16, vas deferens 17, elastic seed guides 18, axis of a circular knife 19, circular knife 20, flanges 21.

The sowing section of a grain-type press seeder consists of a frame 1, to which a leaf spring 2 is rigidly fixed with the front end, and its rear end is equipped with a sleeve 3, pivotally connected by a finger 4 to the upper end of the bracket 5, and its lower end is rigidly connected to the beam 6, the ends of which the longitudinal rods 7 are rigidly fixed to the middle part. A sleeve 8 is rigidly fixed to them behind the beam 6, in which the eccentric axis 9 is placed, and in the middle part of the sleeve 8 there is a groove in the transverse direction in which the eccent lock is placed the tricky axis 10, rigidly connected to the eccentric axis 9, at the ends of which the disks 11 are mounted. The axles 12 and 19 are rigidly fixed to the rear and front ends of the longitudinal rods 7, and the rollers 13 are fixed coaxially with the disks 11, and the rollers 13 are fixed to the front axis 19 in its middle part a disk knife 20 is fixed, equipped with flanges on both sides 21. In front of the beam 6, the transverse beam 14 is rigidly fixed to the front beam 14, to which the piping 15 is rigidly fixed from the front in the center with an arc-shaped bead seal 16 fastened to the bottom from the bottom, and to conc From the transverse beam, the seed tubes 17 are coaxially aligned with the disks, and their lower ends are equipped with elastic seed guides 18 in contact with the soil.

The sowing section operates as follows. When lowering the frame 1, the disk knife 20 is immersed in the soil until the flanges 21 and rollers 13 come into contact with it. When the seed section moves, the disk knife 20 creates a gap (Fig. 4) and loosens the soil on both sides, forming a furrow with a loosened soil, and the furrow in the cross section is an isosceles triangle with a vertex located at the level of the lower edge of the disk knife 20. Fertilizers are fed into the formed slit along the piping 15, which are immersed in a bead seal of an arched shape 16 immersed at the bottom of the furrow.

Along with this, through the seed tube 17 and the elastic seed guide 18, the seeds are placed on the row spacing B in front of the disks 11, which are immersed to a depth less than the depth of fertilizer placement. The seed placement depth is adjusted by turning the eccentric axis 9 in the sleeve 8, for this, the latch 10 is disconnected from the sleeve 8 and the eccentric axis 9 is rotated by the required angle.

Furrows formed by discs 11 are closed by compaction by rollers 13 of loose soil. Damage to the disk knife 20 when it is hitting compacted soil or foreign objects is excluded due to the articulation of the bracket 5 with a leaf spring 2, rigidly fixed with its front end to the frame 1. If the knife of the knife 20 and rollers 13 are obstructed at the same time, structural elements are excluded from breaking due to the upward deflection of the rear end of the leaf spring 2, equipped with a sleeve 3, to which the upper end of the bracket 5 is pivotally connected by means of a finger 4.

The technological reliability of the use of the sowing section of the grain-type seeder of the press type is achieved by the fact that the lower ends of the seed tubes 17 and the fertilizer tubes 15 are located above the soil, immersing fertilizers on the bottom of the furrow is carried out by the bead sealer 16, made in an arc facing forward, and the seeds are laid on the soil in front of the disks in the grooves formed by elastic seed guides in contact with loose soil.

The effect of using the disk sowing section of the grain-type press seeder is achieved by:

- the minimum amount of soil undergoing softening;

- Performing four technological operations in one pass: loosening the soil in the zone of placement of seeds and fertilizers, applying the main fertilizer below the level of sowing seeds, sowing seeds, compaction of the soil above the seeds;

- oriented placement of the main fertilizer relative to the root fertilizer system;

- laying seeds on a solid sowing bed.

Information sources

1. RU 2457656 C2, A01C 7/08 (2006.01), 05.20.2012.

2. RU 2274990 C1, А01С 7/20 (2006.01), 04/27/2006.

3. RU 2348141 C1, A01C 7/20 (2006.01), 03/10/2009.

4. RU 79367 U1, A01C 7/20 (2006.01), 01/10/2009.

Claims (4)

1. The sowing section of a grain-type seeder of a press type, including a frame, a leaf spring, an arm, a beam, longitudinal rods, a sleeve, an eccentric axis, an eccentric axis lock, an axis of rollers, rollers, a cross bar, a fertilizer pipe, seed tubes, an axis of a circular knife, a circular knife with flanges, disks, characterized in that a leaf spring is rigidly fixed to the frame by the front end, the rear end of which is equipped with a sleeve articulated by means of a finger to the upper end of the bracket, and its lower end is rigidly connected to the beam, to ntsam whose middle part rigidly fixed longitudinal traction. 2. The sowing section of the grain-type press seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve, in which the eccentric axis is placed, is rigidly fixed to the longitudinal rods behind the beam, and in the middle of the sleeve in the transverse direction there is a groove in which the clamp of the eccentric axis is rigidly connected to the eccentric axis, at the ends of which discs are mounted. 3. The sowing section of a grain-type press seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the axles are rigidly fixed to the front and rear ends of the longitudinal rods, and rollers are mounted coaxially with the disks at the ends of the rear axis, and a disk knife is installed on the front axle in its middle part equipped on both sides with flanges. 4. The sowing section of the grain-type press seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the front beam is rigidly fixed to the front rods to the longitudinal rods, to which the piping is rigidly fixed in front in the center with an arc-shaped bead seal secured to the rear at the bottom, and to the ends of the transverse beam coaxially seed tubes are rigidly fixed to the disks, and their lower ends are equipped with elastic seed guides in contact with the soil.

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