RU2606802C2 - Common reed grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and can be used in production of fodders. Fodder grinder comprises a feed conveyor, an actuator for destruction of mass and a drum for grinding with a shearing plate. Actuator for destruction of mass contains two lower and one upper ribbed rolls, as well as crushing and smooth rolls installed in front of the shearing plate. Drum for grinding is of a knife type. Every knife of the drum has a stiffness rib and a cutting blade with notches on the cutting edge and a build-up of hard wear-resistant alloy on the front edge. Cutting blade is made as a logarithmic spiral. Shearing plate is fixed horizontally.

EFFECT: grinder ensures a decrease in power consumption during grinding.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to methods and devices for grinding stem plants and harvesting of southern reeds, narrow-leaved cattails, anise lofant for use as components of aquaculture feed (cyprinidae).

Known straw chopper RCC-65-2, designed for grinding coarse or green succulent feed, consisting of a feeding mechanism, a disk-type cutting apparatus, a fan-thrower with a pipeline and a rotary deflector. (Zavrvzhnav A.I., Nikolaev D.I. Mechanization of the preparation and storage of feed. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1990. - 336 pp., Ill. - S. 194-196).

The disadvantages of this straw chopper include low cutting quality, increased energy costs for grinding, the inability to change the size of the crushed

Known chopper roughage IGK-ZOB, which consists of a frame, a feed conveyor, chopping apparatus, rotary deflector and electric motor. Grinding apparatus - pin type. The pins in the cross section are wedge-shaped and are installed with a pointed edge forward in the direction of travel (ibid., P. 199).

The disadvantages of this feed chopper include chopping effect on the crushed material and significant energy costs, poor cutting quality.

A stalk picker-grinder, including a picking working body, a feed mechanism, a chopper made in the form of gear rotors mounted synchronously rotating with a phase shift installed with overlapping between their teeth, and a conveyor for removing the chopped mass, while the picking working body is made in the form a transverse horizontal drum, the cylindrical surface of which is provided with rigid protrusions, and above which is mounted a spring loaded spring loaded and driven with a drive, the feed mechanism is made in the form of horizontal transverse blade beaters, on the ends of each of which reflective disks are mounted with overlap, and the speed of the beaters increases as they approach the chopper, the rotor pairs of which are mounted in series and the rotor speed of each subsequent pair is higher than the previous moreover, the paired rotors are mounted one above the other in the transverse plane and rotate around the horizontal axes, and their teeth are made in the form of pointed radial plates, with The overlap between the teeth of the pair of rotors is greater than half the distance between the sharp edges of two adjacent teeth of one rotor, and the distance between the reflecting beater of the feed mechanism of the beater increases as you approach the chopper, and at least twelve teeth are mounted on each rotor (RU, patent for invention No. 2,518,427 C1).

The disadvantages of this stalk grinder are low quality grinding, significant energy costs, design complexity.

Known stalk grinder, comprising a housing, counter-rotating gear rolls placed therein, having feed screws and synchronizing gears, equipped with knives and anti-friction elements, while to reduce energy consumption, the knives are located in the tooth cavities of the rollers, and the opposing elements are located on the tops of the teeth, while the teeth placed on rollers at an angle to the longitudinal axis, determined by the ratio:

tgβ = πDav / nl,

where Dcp is the average diameter of the rollers;

n is the number of teeth on the roller;

l is the length of the roller component.

(RU, copyright certificate No. 1034649 A).

The disadvantages of this stalk chopper include the complexity of the design, low reliability and low quality grinding.

A known machine for the selection and grinding of vines, comprising a conveyor-picker with fingers, a working body for breaking the mass and a milling drum for chopping the vines, while in order to improve the quality of chopping the vine and simplifying the design, the milling drum is installed behind the working body for breaking the mass, made in the form of counter-rotating corrugated rollers, and an opposing plate adjoins the milling drum in the cutting zone (RU, certificate of authorship No. 321227).

The disadvantages of this machine include low quality grinding, significant energy costs.

This machine is accepted as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following. The task to which the application is directed. The invention is improving the quality of grinding, reducing energy costs for grinding. EFFECT: grinding plants into particles with predetermined parameters, reducing power consumption for grinding, using cutting with sliding. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the southern reed shredder containing the feed conveyor, a working body for breaking down the mass and a drum for grinding with a counter plate. According to the invention, the working body for mass destruction includes ribbed rollers two lower and one upper, flatting and smooth rollers installed in front of the opposing plate, and the grinding drum is made with a knife, each knife of which has a cutting blade with a notch on the cutting edge directed by a hard wear-resistant alloy of the front edges and stiffener, while the cutting blade is made along a logarithmic spiral, and the counter plate is fixed horizontally.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the technological layout of the southern reed shredder when harvesting the crushed mass.

In FIG. 2 is a technological diagram of a grinder, side view.

In FIG. 3 - view And the knife drum (Fig. 2)

In FIG. 4 is a cross-section BB in FIG. 3.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

In the technological scheme (Fig. 1), the feed conveyor 1 is connected to the south mower for mowing reeds and paired with a mobile semi-mounted chopper 2, which has a rotary deflector 3. The chopper 2 is mounted on the tractor 4 and has a drive of working bodies from the power take-off shaft. Tipper truck 5, aggregated by a tractor, 6 is designed for shipment of ground mass. Behind the feed conveyor 1, two ribbed rollers 7 are located in the lower part, and an upper roller 8 is provided above the ribbed rollers 7. A smooth roller 9 is provided behind the lower ribbed rollers 7, and a flatting roller 10 above it. The smooth roller 9 is interfaced with the opposing plate 11, which a minimum clearance is fixed at the knife drum 12 mounted on the shaft 13. The body of the knife drum 14 is coupled to the deflector 15. The knife of the drum 12 has a cutting blade 16 with a notch on the cutting edge and a stiffener 17. The blade 16 on the front edge has a surfacing 18 It is wear resistant alloy.

Chopper reed south works as follows. The slanted mass of the reed stalks south is fed by the feed conveyor 1 into the gap between the ribbed rollers 7 and the upper drum 8, while the beveled mass is compressed, compacted and directed into the gap between the smooth drum 9 and the flattening roller 10. The compressed beveled mass is flattened and the cutting force the stems are reduced. The flattened mass of stems is fed into the internal cavity of the knife drum 12 and, falling into the gap between the knife 16 and the opposing plate 11, is cut. In this case, the cutting occurs with the sliding of the knife relative to the flattened mass, which significantly reduces the energy costs of grinding. The stiffener, which acts as a blade, captures the crushed mass and throws it into the deflector 15, which provides loading of the crushed mass into a dump truck 5, which delivers the crushed mass for further processing.

When the unit for mowing reeds moves south, the chopper 2 and the dump truck 5 move synchronously with it.

The use of a knife drum with knives, the blade of which is made in a logarithmic spiral, has a notch and provides cutting of flattened stems with sliding, which significantly reduces the energy costs of grinding. By adjusting the speed of rotation of the knife drum and the feed rate of the mowed mass of reed south, the necessary grinding parameters are achieved.

Claims (1)

Southern reed shredder, containing a feed conveyor, a working body for mass destruction and a grinding drum with a counter plate, characterized in that the working body for mass destruction includes ribbed rollers - two lower and one upper, flattening and smooth rollers installed in front of the counter plate, and the grinding drum is made with a knife, each knife of which has a cutting blade with a notch on the cutting edge, surfacing with a hard wear-resistant alloy of the leading edge and a stiffener, while The larger blade is made in a logarithmic spiral, and the counter plate is fixed horizontally.

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