RU2599187C2 - Ship artillery mount automatic artillery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons, namely to ship artillery mount automatic artillery. Automatic artillery gun includes cradle, barrel with breech and gate, unit for supply of shots to line of ramming, rammer, anti-rollback device and two receivers. Unit for supply of shots at ramming line is made in form of multi-link mechanism which comprises fixed in frame case and five kinematically interconnected spring-loaded valves, two feeding, two guiding and one deflecting. Valves are hinged connected to body and interact with two receivers in each cycle of loading with provision of reciprocal-turning movements of those valves relative to body.

EFFECT: simple and reliable design of automatic artillery gun, in which for operation of feed shots assembly to line of ramming only mechanical energy of receivers is used.

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Description

The present invention relates to medium-caliber automatic rapid-fire artillery mounts. An integral part of such installations is an artillery machine gun, i.e. an artillery gun in which the firing process is carried out automatically. An artillery gun is a system that includes a barrel with a breech and bolt, recoil devices, a cradle, loading and firing mechanisms, a vertical guidance sector, an embrasure shield and a sleeve. In an artillery machine gun, depending on its design, the following operations are automatically performed during firing: receiving shots delivered by the artillery assault system, supplying shots to the fuse installation line and to the sending line, sending another shot into the chamber and locking the bore, firing, extraction cartridge case and removing it from the machine.

Known artillery machine gun artillery ship (see RF patent for utility model No. 129206, publ. 06/20/2013), which is selected as a prototype of the claimed device. The prototype artillery machine, which is a marine artillery gun that is fired automatically, contains a barrel with a breech, a cradle with trunnions, receivers, automatic fuse setters and a firing unit for sending shots to the sending line.

In the known device, each of the two receivers is made in the form of a frame providing free passage of a shot through it in the transverse direction, the frame being mounted on a lever whose rotation support is located on the trunnion trunnion, and is equipped with valves for capturing and holding the shot and a device for extruding the shot by these valves from the frame to the shot supply unit to the sending line.

The shot supply unit for the sending line contains a stand, in the eyes of which there are two shafts with valves fixed to them and with spring-loaded valves that are mounted on these shafts with the possibility of relative rotation. A hydraulic unit with two plungers and a spring mechanism designed to rotate the valves in horizontal and vertical positions, respectively, are also installed on the rack. The spring mechanism contains spring cylinders and two starting devices, each made in the form of a two-link mechanism, in which one rocker is mounted to rotate it under the action of the lever of the corresponding receiver when lowering the lever to its lowest position, and the second rocker is made in the form of a ratchet, which is located in meshing with the valve horizontal to the hydraulic unit. When the receiver lever presses the rocker of the starting device, the spring mechanism is activated and the valves are rotated into a vertical position under the action of the spring cylinder, as a result of which the shot moves these valves to the sending line all the way to the valves vertically located on the opposite side of the rack.

The supply of shots to the sending line is performed by rotary valves, which are articulated to the strut with the formation of rotational kinematic pairs. To bring the rotary valves to their original position, a hydraulic unit is used, the coordination of the operation of this valve body with the drive hydraulic cylinder of the rotary tray, directing the spent sleeves to the sleeve, also requires the kinematic connection of the rammer carriage with its springs via four levers and two splined shafts, which reduces the reliability of the above known device.

The objective of the invention is to create a simple reliable design of an artillery machine gun, in which only the mechanical energy of the receivers is used to operate the unit for supplying shots to the sending line.

The problem is solved as follows: in the well-known artillery machine of a ship’s artillery installation, containing a cradle secured by pins in the ankles of the machine of this installation with the possibility of swinging the artillery machine with a vertical guidance drive, a barrel with a breech and a bolt, a shot supply unit to the sending line, a rammer, which has in its composition, a carriage interacting with the breech of the barrel when it is rolled back, recoil devices and two receivers, each made in the form of a frame clip, with connected to the cradle movably with the possibility of reciprocating movements relative to the cradle and equipped with a gripping and displacing device designed to capture the shot with this device and forcing it into the shot supply unit to the sending line, according to the claimed invention, the shot supply unit to the sending line is made in the form of a multi-link a mechanism that contains a housing fixed in the cradle and five kinematically connected spring-loaded valves, including two feed, two guides and one deflector, which are pivotally connected to this body and interact with the two receivers in each loading cycle with the provision of reciprocating movements of these valves relative to the body, and these valves, being in the extreme positions, form their guide surfaces alternately alternating paths for firing , sent to the barrel chamber, and for the spent sleeve removed from the artillery machine, in addition, under the cradle there are springs cocked by the breech of the barrel when it is kate by means of a lever connecting these springs to the rammer carriage, while the support for the rotation of the lever is made in the housing of the unit for supplying shots to the sending line.

The inventive device in comparison with the prototype has significant differences and has new technical properties that are absent in the known automatic artillery systems of medium caliber. It is essential in the claimed device that the shot supply unit for the sending line contains five spring-loaded valves, including a valve deflecting the spent sleeve into the sleeve, that all these valves are kinematically connected to each other and that the rammer carriage is connected to the rammer springs one lever, the rotation support of which is made in the body of the unit for supplying shots to the sending line.

The claimed technical solution, while preserving the advantages of the prototype, with the totality of its essential features simplifies the manufacture and operation of an artillery machine gun and thereby increases the likelihood of a gun’s uptime.

Analysis of the existing scientific, technical and patent information showed the uncertainty of the proposed set of essential features. Some significant features were also unknown. Thus, the claimed invention can be considered as meeting the patentability criterion of "novelty."

In the claimed technical solution, there is an unconventional solution to the problem, namely, the use of mechanical energy of movement of the receivers of the artillery machine to drive all the moving parts of the loading unit. For a specialist, such a solution does not logically follow from the well-known technical level of development of medium-sized naval artillery mounts. Thus, the present invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The device and operation of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings:

- in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the inventive artillery machine gun ship artillery;

- in FIG. 2 shows a general view of the loading mechanisms; left receiver with a shot on the fuse installation line; right receiver in the starting position;

- in FIG. 3 shows a unit for supplying shots to the sending line; valves in the position of the guide path for the shot;

- in FIG. 4 shows a unit for supplying shots to the sending line; valves in the position of the guide path for the spent sleeve;

- in FIG. 5 shows a view of five kinematically connected spring-loaded valves;

- in FIG. 6 shows the mechanism of interaction of spring-loaded valves with receivers;

- in FIG. 7 shows a view of a loading mechanism; left receiver with a shot on the fuse installation line; right receiver in the starting position;

- in FIG. 8 shows view A of the loading mechanisms; left receiver in the starting position; a shot in the feed unit to the sending line;

- in FIG. 9 shows a view of B on loading mechanisms; receivers in the starting position; shot on the sending line.

The inventive artillery machine gun of a ship’s artillery installation contains a barrel 1 with a breech and a bolt, which are retractable parts of the machine, recoil devices 2, a cradle 3 with trunnions 4, loading mechanisms 5, an automatic fuse setter 6, a vertical guidance sector 7, an embrasure shield 8 and a sleeve 9.

The composition of the loading mechanisms 5 includes: the left receiver 10, the right receiver 11, the site 12 for supplying shots to the sending line and the rammer 13.

The left receiver 10 contains a lever 14 with a support of rotation, which is located on the trunnion 4 of the cradle 3, and with a device for fixing it in extreme positions, a frame clip 15 with a gripping and displacing device, pivotally connected to the long arm of the lever 14, a spring cylinder 16 connecting the short the shoulder of the lever 14 with the cradle 3. A pressure element 17 and a roller 18 are fixed on the lever 14, through which the left receiver 10 interacts with the node 12. The right receiver 11 is arranged similarly to the left receiver 10. In the initial position of the receivers 10 and 11, the levers 14 and the frame cages 15 are lowered to the lowest position, the axis of the frame cage 15 is parallel to the barrel 1 and intersects the axis of the trunnions 4 of the cradle 3. When the lever 14 is raised to its highest position, the axis of the frame cage 15 lies on the fuse line.

Node 12 for supplying shots to the sending line includes a housing 19 with a fixed guide tray 20 and five spring-loaded valves, including two feed valves 21 and 22, two pilot valves 23 and 24 and one deflecting valve 25, which are pivotally connected to the housing 19. The directional valves 23 and 24 are kinematically connected to each other by a crank mechanism 26; valves 23 and 25 are kinematically coupled by a cam-lever mechanism 27; valves 21 and 23 are kinematically connected to each other by a crank mechanism 28 and a spring cylinder 29, valves 22 and 24 are connected by the same mechanism and the same cylinder; the valves 23 and 24 are connected to the housing 19 by spring cylinders 30, and the valve 25 is connected to the housing 19 by the spring cylinder 31. Two levers 32 with rotary blades 33, designed to interact with the rollers 18 of the receivers 10 and 11, and two shafts are installed in the eyes of the housing 19 34 with a crank 35 and a cam 36 fixed on each of them, and the crank 35 is connected to the lever 33 by means of a connecting rod 37, and the cam 36 interacts with the valve 23. Two shafts 38 are also installed in the eyes of the housing 19, on which the sear 39 and the release levers are fixed 40, designed e to interact with the pressure elements 17 of the receivers 10 and 11, the sear 39 being engaged with the protrusions of the valves 21 and 22 and interconnected by a crank mechanism 41. In the initial position of the assembly 12, the spring-loaded valves 21 and 22 are in the lowest position and locked with the sear 39, valves 23, 24 and 25 are in their highest position.

The rammer 13 comprises a housing 42 mounted on the cradle 3, a carriage 43 mounted in the guides 44 of the housing 42 to interact with the breech of the barrel 1 when it is rolled back, spring cylinders 45 mounted on the bottom of the cradle 3, and a two-arm lever 46 connecting the spring cylinders 45 with the carriage 43, and the support of rotation of the two shoulders of the lever 46 is located in the eye 47 of the housing 19.

The inventive artillery machine gun ship artillery works as follows.

The ammunition system of the artillery machine in the process of transferring the next shot to the gripping and displacing device of the frame clip 15 moves the lever 14 to its highest position. In this case, the spring cylinder 16 is cocked and the frame clip 15 comes on the fuse installation line. After practicing the automatic installer fuse 6, the lever 14 is removed from the latch and it is under the action of the spring cylinder 16 is lowered to its lowest position. In the process of lowering the lever 14, the following operations occur: the gripping and displacing device of the frame clip 15 displaces the shot from this clip, and it rests on the supply valve 21 of the assembly 12; the roller 18 of the lever 14, acting on the blade 33, turns the lever 32, while the spring of the spring cylinder 30 is cocked and the rotation of this lever is transmitted to the directional valve 23 by a kinematic chain including a connecting rod 37, crank 35, shaft 34 and cam 36; the rotation of the guide valve 23 is transmitted by the crank mechanism 26 to the guide valve 24, the crank mechanism 27 of the deflecting valve 25, and the crank mechanisms 28 of the spring cylinders 29, while the springs of these cylinders are cocked and the directional valves 23 and 24 form above the lowered deflecting valve 25 continuation of the fixed guide tray 20. At the end of the stroke, the lever 14 acts by the pressing element 17 on the trigger lever 40, the rotation of which is transmitted to both searters 39, interconnected crank-rocker mechanism 41, releasing the supply valves 21 and 22. Under the action of the spring cylinders 29 supply valves 21 and 22 are rotated to the uppermost position by moving the line dosylka shot. The spring-loaded valves 21, 22, 23 and 24, together with the guides 44 of the rammer 13 and the stationary guide tray 20 form their guide surfaces for the shot sent to the barrel chamber.

The sending of the shot occurs as a result of the movement of the carriage 43 by the spring cylinders 25, the action of which is transmitted to the carriage 43 by the lever 46. After the sending of the shot, all the kinematically connected valves 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 under the action of the spring cylinders 30 return to their original position, in which the valves 23, 24 and 25, together with the guides 44 of the rammer 13 and the fixed guide tray 20, form on their surfaces a guide path for the spent sleeve removed from the artillery machine into the sleeve.

Claims (1)

An artillery submachine gun of a ship’s artillery installation containing a cradle secured by pins in the ankles of the machine of this installation with the ability to swing the artillery machine with a vertical guidance drive, a barrel with a breech and a bolt, a shot supply unit for the sending line, a rammer that includes a carriage interacting with the breech barrel when it rolls back, recoil devices and two receivers, each made in the form of a frame clip, connected to the cradle movably with the possibility of reciprocating company movements relative to the cradle and equipped with a gripping and displacing device designed to capture the shot with this device and forcing it into the shot supply unit to the sending line, characterized in that the shot supply unit to the sending line is made in the form of a multi-link mechanism that contains a cradle mounted the casing and five kinematically connected spring-loaded valves, including two supply, two guides and one deflecting, which are pivotally connected to this casing and interact interact with the two receivers mentioned in each loading cycle with the provision of reciprocating movements of these valves relative to the body, and these valves, being in extreme positions, form their paths alternately alternating paths for the shot sent to the barrel chamber and for the fired sleeve removed from the artillery machine, in addition, under the cradle there are springs cocked by the breech of the barrel when it is rolled back by means of a lever connecting these springs to the rammer carriage while the support of rotation of the lever is made in the body of the unit for supplying shots to the sending line.

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