RU2597349C1 - Method for installation of cellular road - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be applied to arranging structures of temporary motor roads, as well as areas for various purposes. Method for making cellular roads comprises preparation of road bed, spreading geotextiles upon surface of road bed, spreading sections of volume geograte, filling geograte cells with filling material up to height, specified by project. Making road is carried out in four stages. At first stage, surface of road bed is levelled by cutting ledges and filling cavities with material from near surroundings, but road bed surface still remains at middle level or above surrounding area. At second stage, along both sides of future roadway two bands of geotextile are spreaded, wherein each band width is equal to double design flank width; between them by width of roadway volume geograte is spreaded in sections, which may be optionally fixed to ground with several anchor pins also extending through geotextile band edges; on both sides, right up to volume geograte, upon geotextile bands solid barriers are laid as bags with sand or fine crushed stone, which are fixed to volume geograte, to geotextile band, to soil, and to each other with anchor pins; height of barriers formed by said bags, exceeds height of volume geograte by 10-20 %. At third stage, filling with material specified by project is performed; layer thickness is by 10-20 % higher than that of volume geograte, across entire width of road with shoulders; after that, free ends of bands, extending beyond road shoulders, are folded above filling and barriers of bags, and connected using anchor pins with volume geograte and with soil. At fourth stage, surface layer of material specified by project is filled, levelled, and compacted across entire road, including flanks.

EFFECT: reduced material and labour expenditures for construction of temporal roads while maintaining their carrying capacity during whole service life.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of temporary automobile roads, as well as sites for various purposes.

A device for temporary highways from reinforced concrete slabs is known according to the official technological map of 2005, containing the base of the road in the form of a “trough” with a depth of about 100 mm - in place of a soil layer removed and taken out with the vegetation; filling the "trough" of moistened and compacted "underlying layer" of sand with a thickness of about 150 mm; "road surface" of reinforced concrete slabs with a thickness of 140 - 170 mm, welded together in a scourge of 24 m with gaps of about 20 mm between the scouring - "expansion joints" - full depth filled with bitumen-polymer mastic [http://www.ohranatruda.ru/ot_biblio/normativ/data_normativ/54/54155/].

The disadvantages of this design are the high complexity, material consumption and, as a consequence, the cost. In addition, a “trough” dug in the soil in the case of poor water permeability of the soil and not completed drainage channels accumulates water and weakens the underlying layer, reducing the bearing capacity and durability of the road.

Known "Design and method of construction of roads" according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2365700, published on 08.27.2009. The process of erecting the road structure consists in the fact that geotextiles are laid on the plot prepared according to the elevations, two to three times (depending on the height of the subgrade) exceeding the width of the roadway, then the subgrade is erected, a layer of rubble and protruding edges of the geotextile are laid on the sides roads are wrapped over crushed stone, connected to a castle, impregnated with bitumen or other cement and laid on top of asphalt concrete. When wrapping the sides of the geotextile, the geotextile is simultaneously wrapped along the ends of the road, forming a closed shell from it. If necessary, studs are installed in the locks and a geotextile web with anchor collars is used to save geotextiles at the base of the road.

The disadvantages of this method are the high complexity, material consumption and, as a consequence, the cost.

Closest to the proposed solution is the method according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2476634, published on 02.27.2013, including preparing the subgrade, stretching the geotextile on the subgrade surface, stretching the sections of the bulk geogrid on the geotextile surface, filling the geogrid cells with the filling material due to the design, characterized in that geosynthetic materials extracted from the content devices are stretched by a specialized road machine adapted to the place of work dgotovlenny arrangement for subgrade portion, wherein the volumetric section geogrid placed over the geotextile and transformed into three-dimensional mesh structure is filled out due to project pictures located on the machine or its conjugate hopper, then leveled and compacted to prevent displacement.

The disadvantage of the described method is the weakened edges of the paved temporary road in the transition zone from the volumetric geogrid to the side of the road, where it is possible to shift the backfill with the wheels of cars, the destruction of the edges of the volumetric geogrid and the further destruction of the road and the creep of the roadsides.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogues and prototype, reducing the material consumption and the complexity of the construction of temporary roads while maintaining their bearing capacity throughout the entire service life, which is defined by the standard - at least 5 years.

To solve the problem in accordance with the proposed method of work, 4 stages are carried out:

- at the first stage, the section of the subgrade is leveled along the full width of the road with the roadsides: bushes and trees are cut to the root, but the subgrade is not deepened to create a “trough”, and the protrusions of the soil are cut, and the soil obtained from this and, if necessary, taken in the vicinity the material is poured into the depressions and compacted so that the surface of the subgrade remains at an average level or higher than the surrounding area;

- at the second stage, two strips of geotextile are stretched on both sides of the carriageway of the future road, each width equal to twice the projected width of the curb, between them a volumetric geogrid is installed on the width of the carriageway, which, if necessary, is temporarily fixed to the ground with several anchor pins passing and through the edges of geotextile strips. On both sides close to the volumetric geogrid, bags of sand or other similar material are laid with solid barriers, which are fastened with a volumetric geogrid, with a strip of geotextile, with soil and between each other, for example, with anchor pins. Moreover, the height of the barriers formed by these bags exceeds the height of the volumetric geogrid by 10-20%; if necessary, reinforce the curbs on them outside of the barriers from the bags, close to them lay additional volumetric geogrids, bonded to the ground and with geotextile strips with anchor pins;

- at the third stage, backfill is made from the material specified by the project, for example, sand, sand and gravel, crushed stone, etc., with a layer 10–20% thicker than the height of the volumetric geogrid over the entire width of the road with curbs. After that, the free edges of the strips protruding beyond the curbs are bent over the backfill and barriers and fastened with anchor pins with a voluminous geogrid and with soil;

- at the fourth stage, the top layer of the material provided for in the project is filled up, leveled and compacted over the entire road, including curbs.

Roadside reinforcement is possible not along the entire road, but in certain areas for the passage of vehicles marked with corresponding road signs.

The technical effect of the invention lies in the fact that due to the above distinguishing features, the paved road:

-does not accumulate moisture, despite the absence of drainage channels, since when preparing the base of the road there was no deepening in the form of a trough by removing the original soil, and in lowered places, filling with suitable material was carried out, therefore, the strength of the structure in the mud is not reduced;

- the carriageway is reinforced with honeycombs of a volumetric geogrid made, for example, of plastic, or of impregnated hydrophobic plywood, fiberglass, geotextile or other material and protected at the edges from shear and crushing by barriers composed of sandbags fixed to the ground, which increases the bearing ability and durability;

- the roadsides are protected from sprawling by wrapped geotextile strips filled with, for example, sand, and in the reinforced version, additional volumetric geogrids, while the wrapped edges of the strips are bonded to the ground and with volumetric geogrids, for example, anchor studs, thus increasing the service life the roads.

The method is as follows.

Figure 1 shows the implementation of the method of laying a cellular road.

At the first stage, the initial soil 1 within the design width of the road with roadsides is partially leveled by cutting off the protrusions, and partially by adding material 2 to the troughs with its compaction until a flat base is obtained without deepening with respect to the surrounding area. At the second stage, two strips of geotextile 3 are stretched on both sides of the carriageway of the future road, while each is equal in width to twice the projected width of the curb, between them a three-dimensional geogrid 4 is installed in widths of the carriageway, which is attached to the ground by several anchor studs 5 passing and through the edges of the geotextile stripes 3. On both sides close to the volumetric geogrid 4, sandbags 6 are laid with continuous barriers, which are fastened with the volumetric geogrid 4, with the geotextile strip 3, with soil 1 and between by themselves, for example, with anchor studs 5. To reinforce the shoulders, additional volumetric geogrids 7 fastened to the ground 1 and with geotextile stripes 3 by anchor studs 5 are laid on them outside the barriers from the bags 5. At the third stage, fill 8 of the material specified by the project (sand, sand and gravel, crushed stone, etc.) with a layer 10–20% thicker than the height of the volumetric geogrid over the entire width of the road with curbs. After that, the free edges of the strips 3, protruding beyond the curbs, are folded over the backfill 8 and the barriers from the bags 6 and fastened with anchor studs 5 with volumetric geogrids 4 and with soil 1. At the fourth stage, the top layer 9 of the roadway is poured over, overlaid and compacted over the entire road including curbs.

Claims (2)

1. The method of laying a cellular road, including preparing a subgrade, stretching geotextiles on the surface of a subgrade, stretching sections of a volume geogrid, filling the geogrid cells to a height determined by the project with bulk material, characterized in that the construction method is carried out in four stages:
- at the first stage, the surface of the subgrade is leveled by cutting off the protrusions and filling the depressions with material from the immediate vicinity, but the surface of the subgrade remains at an average level or higher than the surrounding area;
- at the second stage, two strips of geotextile are stretched on both sides of the carriageway of the future road, while each is equal in width to twice the projected width of the curb, between them a geogrid is stretched to the width of the carriageway and installed in sections with a three-dimensional geogrid, which, if necessary, is fixed to the ground by several anchor hairpins passing through the edges of geotextile strips; on both sides close to the volumetric geogrid, bags of sand or fine gravel are laid with continuous barriers on geotextile strips, which are fastened with a volumetric geogrid, with a strip of geotextile, with soil and with anchor pins, while the height of the barriers formed by the said bags exceeds the height of the volumetric geogrids by 10-20%;
- at the third stage, backfill is made from the material specified by the project with a layer 10-20% thicker than the height of the volumetric geogrid along the entire width of the road with curbs, after which the free edges of the strips protruding beyond the curbs are bent over the backfill and barriers from the bags and fastened with anchor pins with voluminous geogrids and with soil;
- at the fourth stage, the top layer of the material specified by the project is poured over, leveled and compacted over the entire road, including curbs. 2. The method of laying a cellular road according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the second stage, additional volumetric geogrids are placed on the curbs outside the bags from the bags close to the width of the curbs, which are fastened to the ground and with geotextile strips by anchor pins.

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