RU2597217C2 - Method of following illumination of roads, railroad tracks, underground railway systems and following illumination system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to illumination systems and is intended for illumination of roads, railroad tracks, underground railway systems. Method of illumination consists in the fact that from the illumination devices with concentrated, asymmetric, deep LDC or combination thereof, at their location in space dividing following and opposite direction of vehicles movement, light flux distribution is formed only along and, or at an angle to 90 degrees of the following direction of vehicles movement with sharp, not less than 1/2 for 1 degree of the illumination value, light-to-dark line between following and opposite directions of movement to prevent blinding of drivers of the opposite traffic and/or the presence of the light-to-dark line in vertical plane between opposite and parallel directions of vehicles movement of not less than 1/5 of the illumination value in any points of cross section of space above carriageways. Method is implemented by means of the illumination system containing illumination devices.

EFFECT: technical result is increased vertical illumination in the following direction along the passage; reduced load on the drivers' visual organs; increased distance between the supports and, consequently, reduced cost of the illumination system, as well as maintenance costs per unit of the road length; eliminating blinding of drivers; higher traffic safety; higher obstacles visibility.

21 cl

Description

Technical field

The claimed group of inventions relates to lighting systems. Designed for lighting roads, railway tracks, subway tracks.

State of the art

Today, illumination of roads, pedestrian roads, as well as roads passing in tunnels, is carried out by various types of lamps using incandescent, arc, fluorescent, gas-discharge, and also LEDs as a light source. All these fixtures, as a rule, have a shape of the light intensity curve that distributes the light flux along the axis of movement symmetrically with respect to the installation point of the lighting device: cosine, half-wide, wide CSS. The disadvantages of these systems include the following features:

- the vertical illumination in the direction of travel from the previous lamp in the second half of the span is many times less (close to zero) than at the beginning, which makes it difficult to see the obstacle from the side of the vehicle driver - “hereinafter in the text driver”;

- the visibility of the obstacle is complicated by the fact that part of the light of each next lamp is directed in the opposite direction to the movement and, as a result, into the driver’s eyes, which makes it difficult to perceive darker (than the light-emitting part (parts) of the lamps) objects and an additional load on the organs of vision.

The prior art solution is known for the application for the invention RU 95104120 A1, IPC ⁶ F21M 1/00 dated 03/30/1995: “The invention relates to lamps and is aimed at increasing the uniformity of the distribution of brightness on the surface of the road surface in the transverse plane of the street with two-way traffic of vehicles. The lighting method consists in the fact that from luminaires with a wide light intensity curve, when they are double-row, rectangular along the roadway, an asymmetric distribution of the light flux with two light maximums is formed, one of which is directed against the movement of vehicles parallel to the street axis, and the second is maximum light intensity - at an angle to the axis of the street in the direction of movement of vehicles. Moreover, for the implementation of the method, luminaires are used that contain a light source and side optical elements, the left of which is installed with a turn to the longitudinal axis at an angle, partially eliminating these drawbacks, however, since the location of the lighting devices has not changed in comparison with the usual scheme, the cost of them installation and operation remained within the same limits.

The claimed group of inventions is aimed at improving road safety and reducing the cost of installation and operation of the road lighting system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The method consists in organizing illumination of carriageways, roadsides with lighting devices, the luminous flux of which is directed exclusively along and, or at an angle of up to 90 degrees, in the direction of movement of vehicles.

The lighting system according to the claimed method includes a roadway, lighting devices with concentrated, asymmetric, asymmetric-concentrated, deep KSS or a combination of them, the luminous flux of which is directed exclusively along and, or at an angle of up to 90 degrees of the associated direction of movement of vehicles. At the same time, the lighting system provides a sharp (at least 1/2 per 1 degree) cut-off line between the passing and oncoming traffic directions to prevent blindness of oncoming traffic drivers.

The claimed invention is characterized by the following characteristic features:

- the lighting devices of the system are installed in a space that separates the passing and oncoming directions of movement of vehicles;

- the lighting devices of the system can be located above the lanes;

- the lighting devices of the system are installed in a space separating the lane and the oncoming direction of movement of vehicles, as well as in the space to the right of the rightmost lane, including the oncoming direction;

- the lighting devices of the system are installed in the space to the right of the rightmost lane, including the opposite direction;

- lighting devices of the system can be installed on individual supporting structures, supporting structures of artificial structures;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on incandescent lamps;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on halogen lamps;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on gas discharge lamps;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on induction lamps;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on lamps with high-frequency pumping;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on solid-state light sources;

- lighting devices of the system can be performed on semiconductor light sources;

- the lighting devices of the system are directed along the movement of vehicles;

- the system provides for the use of lighting devices, the maximum luminous intensity of which is directed along (and, or at an angle) the movement of vehicles;

- the system is characterized in that the required KSS can be formed by a group of lighting devices;

- the system is characterized in that the required KSS can be formed by a group of lighting devices united by one design;

- the system is distinguished by the presence of a cut-off border in the vertical plane between the oncoming and passing directions of vehicle movement of at least 1/5 at any points in the cross-section of the space above the carriageways. In some places, this may be less.

- the system is distinguished by the availability of autonomous power, for example, from solar panels, wind generators, batteries, chemical current sources, etc .;

- the system is distinguished by the availability of automatic control, for example, from the level of illumination, road conditions, changing lanes;

- the system is distinguished by the possibility of its application in railway transport, especially in high-speed sections, in curved sections, on bridges, in tunnels, on approaches to railway crossings, especially in curved sections, when the rolling stock projector shines directly;

- the system is distinguished by the possibility of its use in the subway;

- the system is distinguished by the possibility of its application on roads with one-way traffic;

- the system is characterized in that the lighting devices for the oncoming and passing directions can be made in the form of a single design.

Technical result: 1) increases the vertical illumination in the passing direction throughout the span, which leads to the speedy recognition of obstacles; 2) reduced load on the visual organs of drivers; 3) the distance between the supports increases and, as a result, the cost of the lighting system, as well as maintenance costs, is reduced per unit of road length; 4) blindness of drivers is excluded; 5) increased road safety; 6) increased visibility of obstacles: pedestrians, animals and stopped vehicles on the sidelines.

The implementation of the invention

The group of inventions is as follows:

To organize the lighting of the roadway, the lighting devices of the lighting system are installed in a space that separates the parallel and opposite directions of the movement of vehicles, the luminous flux of which is directed exclusively along and, or at an angle of up to 90 degrees of the associated direction of movement of vehicles.

Claims (21)

1. The lighting method consists in the fact that from lighting devices with a concentrated, asymmetric, deep KSS or their combination, when they are located in a space that separates the direction of travel from the vehicle in the opposite direction, they form the light flux distribution exclusively along and or at an angle to 90 degrees of the vehicle driving direction along with sharp, not less than 1/2 per 1 degree of illumination, cut-off line between the passing and oncoming traffic directions to prevent Ia dazzle oncoming drivers and / or the presence of cut-off line in a vertical plane and passing between the oncoming vehicle movement direction is not less than 1/5 value of the illumination at any point over the cross-sectional area of the carriageway. 2. The lighting system according to the claimed method contains lighting devices with concentrated, asymmetric, deep KSS or a combination thereof, with the formation of a light flux exclusively along and, or at an angle of up to 90 degrees, in the direction of movement of vehicles with a sharpness of at least 1/2 to 1 degree the magnitude of the illumination, the cut-off line between the passing and oncoming traffic directions and / or with the presence of the cut-off border in a vertical plane between the oncoming and passing traffic directions at least 1/5 of the amount of illumination at any point in the cross-section of space above the carriageways. 3. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are installed in a space that separates the direction of travel along the opposite direction of the vehicle. 4. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are located above the lanes. 5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are installed in a space separating the direction of travel of the vehicles along the opposite direction, as well as in the space to the right of the right lane, including the opposite direction. 6. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are installed in the space to the right of the extreme right lane, including the opposite direction. 7. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are installed on individual supporting structures supporting the structures of artificial structures. 8. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are performed on incandescent or halogen lamps. 9. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are performed on gas discharge lamps. 10. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are performed on induction lamps or lamps with high-frequency pumping. 11. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are performed on solid-state light sources or semiconductor light sources. 12. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system are directed in the direction of travel of the vehicles. 13. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices of the system have a maximum of light intensity directed along and, or at an angle of movement of vehicles. 14. The system of claim. 2, characterized in that the required KSS is formed by a group of lighting devices. 15. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the required KSS is formed by a group of lighting devices united by one design. 16. The system according to p. 2, characterized by the presence of autonomous power, for example from solar panels, wind generators, batteries, chemical current sources. 17. The system according to p. 2, characterized by the presence of automatic control, for example, from the level of illumination, road conditions, changing lanes. 18. The system according to claim 2, characterized by its application in railway transport, especially in high-speed sections, in curved sections, on bridges, in tunnels, on approaches to railway crossings, in curved sections, when the searchlight of the rolling stock shines directly. 19. The system according to p. 2, characterized by its use in the subway. 20. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the lighting devices for the oncoming and associated directions can be made in the form of a single design. 21. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that it is used on roads with one-way traffic.