RU2438067C2 - Multi-functional front headlight on light diodes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: to obtain separate lights of front multi-functional headlight (MFH) there are used narrow-degree light diodes with double scattering angle for white light (lower beam - 2Θ_0.5=(2±0.5)°, 2Θ_0.01=(3±0.5) ° and upper beam 2Θ_0.5=4-8°), of short wave IF-radiation (total blackout - blanking) of blue, blue-green and yellow light (partial blackout - 2Θ_0.5=2-7°). Light distribution of the head light is formed with lens diffusers and/or prismatic elements simultaneously corresponding to protective glasses of each of a group of light diodes, or is achieved with turn of optical axes of light diodes. At output of radiation of partial blackout light diodes there can be installed a light screening device made in form of a volume cavity, for example, in form of a truncated parallelepiped consisting of two zones: light diodes directionally radiating through a narrow light optical gap into the second zone (into a low hemisphere) for lightning road surface are placed in the first zone. Light diodes can be connected to electronic inverters and can be controlled with autonomous remote control.

EFFECT: raised efficiency of light blackout, simplified design, reduced cost and power expenditures.

5 cl, 10 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to lighting equipment, in particular to light devices - multifunctional headlamps on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (including those with light masking functions) installed on vehicles. Also, such headlights generate white light near and high beam, meeting the standards [1], blue (blue-green, yellow) radiation of partial masking dimming (partial dimming), infrared (IR) radiation in the wavelength range 800-900 nm - full masking blackout [2]. When the device is operating in camouflage modes, the headlamp forms a narrow beam of radiation (2 ° -7 °) in the vertical plane and a wide radiation beam (20 ° - 60 °) in the horizontal plane.

Known headlight [3] for multi-color lighting, comprising a housing with a light source assembled in it in the form of an incandescent lamp, color filters and an electromechanical device that changes the position of the filters.

The disadvantages of the analogue are due to low efficiency, design complexity and the insecurity of partial blackout.

Known headlight [4] with a blackout nozzle, containing a housing with a paraboloid reflector assembled in it, in the focus of which an incandescent lamp is installed, with a diffuser that covers the outlet of the headlight. The blackout nozzle is mounted on the outlet and is a lid and a hood (blackout device - SMU), with extended horizontal slots, blocked by a blue (blue-green, yellow) filter to exit the masking radiation.

The disadvantages of the analogue are associated with the low efficiency of the incandescent lamp, large losses of radiation on the filter and on the headlamp cover, the lack of multifunctionality, the inability to remotely control the blackout modes, because manual tilting of the cover is required to switch the camouflage radiation to the main radiation of the headlamp.

A known headlight [5], containing the main and additional optical groups on LEDs, generating white, yellow or near infrared radiation with a narrow and wide beam of radiation, respectively, as well as a blackout nozzle with a hood coupled to one or more parallel groups of LEDs ( in the form of rulers) on blue, blue-blue or blue-green LEDs with optical axes oriented at an angle within 2 ° -5 ° below the horizontal plane. Groups of LEDs are connected to electronic converters or directly to the mains with the possibility of autonomous remote inclusion and operation. LED groups are made in the form of long polygonal printed circuit boards with LEDs. The LEDs of the main module are blocked by a Fresnel lens, in the focus of each cell of which a luminous body of the LED is installed. Protective glass in the prototype simultaneously covers all the headlights.

The disadvantages of the prototype are due to serious miscalculations in the construction of the optical schemes of individual FGM lights, leading to failure to fulfill the required light distribution of the headlight, as well as to complicating its design and underestimating the efficiency of individual headlight lights.

In particular the optical module white LED (yellow) radiation serves to realize LEDs with scattering angle 2Θ _0,5 = 25-30 °. KSS deformation of this fire is proposed to be carried out using Fresnel lenses. In this case, the nature of the KSS of this part of the fire at the exit is not indicated. However, it can be a priori asserted that such a fire construction does not fulfill the requirements [1], while creating large radiation losses in the Fresnel lens. Additional LED modules to this fire, although they provide a wider distribution of light intensity (up to 30 °), are implemented uneconomically, because more than 50% of their radiation practically does not work (radiation escape to the upper hemisphere, which is not allowed by the standards [1]).

In the prototype there is no guidance on the implementation of the dipped headlights, which has the most complex KSS and is still not implemented on the SD according to the requirements [1].

In the prototype, infrared radiation (camouflage light of complete dimming) is realized similarly to the emission of white (yellow) light from the FGM with the same drawbacks: extremely inefficient use of LED radiation with 2Θ _0.5 = 25-30 °.

In the prototype, the FGM partial dimming camouflage lamp is realized by LEDs emitting blue, blue-blue and blue-green light with a scattering angle of 2Θ _0.5 = 5-6 °, turning them into the lower hemisphere by an angle of 2-5 ° and turning the optical axes of the LEDs at fixed angles (2.5 °, 5 °, 7.5 ° and 10 °, 12.5 °) in the horizontal plane. Emission of fire of incomplete darkening in the upper hemisphere is limited by means of an SMU. The figured baffle in the hood provides at least one horizontal slot for radiation to exit. This solution has several drawbacks: firstly, the hood has a very low efficiency, which makes it necessary to take a lot of LEDs, apparently of high power (from the description - at least 20 pcs), and this leads to overheating and cost of the product; secondly, LEDs are mounted on a printed circuit board of a shape (curved) that is difficult to manufacture; thirdly, the hood has a complicated shape;

fourthly, the rotation of a part of the LED of a partial dimming fire specified in the description of the invention does not provide the necessary CSS, requires high precision alignment and more narrow-angle LEDs (than using secondary optics) to ensure the necessary uniformity of light distribution;

fifthly, the headlamp's light hole is blocked by a single glass, behind which there are blue LEDs, and when the partial masking lights are turned on, as a result of diffuse scattering, part of the glass that does not overlap with the hood will glow, which will lead to complete unmasking.

The above disadvantages are largely eliminated in our designs. The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of blackout, simplifying the design, reducing the cost and energy consumption of the product, as well as increasing the efficiency of the light-optical system, increasing reliability, expanding the functionality of the headlight.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the headlight multifunctional (FGM) for vehicles on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the form of a housing contains a main module on LEDs with white, yellow or short-wave infrared radiation. Part of the LED is covered by a Fresnel mesh lens with a direct bearing layer, and LED groups (in the form of rulers) with blue, blue-blue, blue-green or yellow radiation, oriented at angles of 0-7 ° below the horizontal plane, conjugated with located on the headlight with a camouflage device with at least one horizontal slit, and a power supply converter with the possibility of remote switching on. The headlight uses narrow-degree LEDs with a double scattering angle for white light (low beam - 2Θ _0.5 = (2 ± 0.5) °, 2Θ _0.01 = (3 ± 0.5) ° and high beam 2Θ _0.5 = 4-8 °), short-wave infrared radiation (full dimming), blue, blue-green, and yellow light (partial blackout) 2Θ _0.5 = 2-7 °, and the headlight distribution is formed by a cylindrical lens diffuser and (or) prismatic elements that are simultaneously a protective glass of each or a group of LEDs, as well as the orientation (rotation) of the optical axes of the LEDs in the vertical and Horizontal planes. In this case, a light masking device is installed on the group of LEDs of partially masked dimming lights, eliminating the radiation of this group of LEDs and the diffuser of each LED (or protective glass) in the upper hemisphere above 2-6 °.

To form a complete dimming fire, each or a group of IR LEDs are turned to the horizon by an angle of 1.5-3 ° and are covered by cylindrical lenses that scatter the radiation of the LEDs in a horizontal plane by an angle of 20-60 °.

In partial dimming lights, the optical axis of the LEDs rotates in a horizontal plane at angles of 0 ° -20 °, and (or) a lens diffuser is installed on each (or group) of LEDs, scattering radiation by 5 ° -10 °.

In dipped white lights, the optical axis of the LEDs is rotated in a vertical plane at angles from 0 ° to 5 °, and the radiation of part of the LEDs is deployed at an angle of 15 ° by turning a cylindrical lens diffuser.

The blackout device is made in the form of a volume cavity, for example, a truncated parallelepiped, without a lower face and is located opposite the LED groups with radiation in the blue, blue-green, or yellow spectral range, directed outwardly into the lower hemisphere to illuminate the road surface.

The goals are achieved using narrow-degree LEDs (or modules), the radiation of which expands in the horizontal plane (to create the required CSS and high uniformity of road illumination) using cylindrical lenses (or diffusers). In some lights, the deformation of the KSS is carried out by turning the axes of the LED (or modules). The final correction of camouflage lights is carried out using a device that restricts radiation into the upper hemisphere no higher than 6 °, and in white dipped beam - by turning the LED (or group of LEDs) in two mutually perpendicular planes, providing light distribution in accordance with [1].

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the FSM housing on the LED is made in the form of a universal radiator providing high heat transfer, and the partially masked light-masking mode (using LEDs with blue, blue-green, or yellow radiation) is provided by the direction of the LED radiation, bypassing the main protective glass headlights.

The most preferred embodiment of the device of the invention is considered in the drawings and diagrams of the illumination of the dipped and main beam.

Figure 1. Multifunctional headlamp on LEDs. The axonometric (dimetric rectangular) projection is shown with sections A-A, B-B and C-C.

Figure 2. Sections A-A and B-B of narrow-degree SD (in the vertical and horizontal planes, respectively).

Figure 3 (a, b). The location of the cylindrical lenses on the CD.

Figure 4. Installation of prisms on the CD.

Figure 5. The distribution of the illumination of the shield from the low beam of the FGM at a distance of 25 m.

6. Distribution of the illumination of the shield from the main beam of the FGM at a distance of 25 m.

7. Section CC of a partially masked darkening device.

Fig. 8. Light masking device (SMU).

Fig.9. An example of a FGM: white lights on a halogen incandescent lamp, and blackout lights on an LED.

Figure 10. Example FGM (black-and-white with IR and blue LEDs) version with two optically separated diffusers.

An example of a head-mounted multi-function headlight is shown in FIG. The headlight is a radiator case (1), on which LEDs are installed, having close thermal contact with the body. In the case-radiator 1 there are LEDs for the formation of white low and high beam lights - 2, blackout (partial - 3 and full - 4 blackout). The light hole of the headlamp is blocked by the main protective glass - 5, hermetically installed around its perimeter - 6, and the light hole for the radiation exit, providing partial dimming, is blocked by a separate, protective glass, optically isolated from the main glass, so as not to let out the blue light due to scattered radiation of glass. Middle headlamp light provided by LEDs (LEDs) -2 with I ₀ = 5000 cd, 2Θ _0,5 = (2 ± 0,5) °, and 2Θ _0,01 = (3 ± 0,5) °, and power consumption -1 5 watts Such a narrow light distribution of LEDs is necessary so as not to illuminate zone III and point B50L [1]. To create the desired light distribution [1], the dipped LEDs are deployed in two planes (horizontal plane at an angle α = 0-5 ° and a vertical plane at an angle β = 0-5 °), according to figure 2, which shows a section of a narrow-angle LED. In order to create the necessary uniformity of illumination in the horizontal plane, it is proposed to install an individual scattering cylindrical lens 9 on each LED (see Fig. 3), while the radiation of a part of the LEDs is rotated clockwise around its optical axis by 15 ° clockwise by rotating a diffuser - a cylindrical lens from position 9 to position 10 (see figa and 3b). The spread of LED radiation is also realized using a prism 11 installed at the output of the LED radiation, see Fig. 4. The distribution of illumination (lx) of the shield 12 from the passing beam of the FGM removed from it at a distance of 25 m is given in Fig. 5.

The main beam is provided by SD-2 with I ₀ = 2000 cd, 2Θ _0.5 = 4-8 ° (Fig. 1). In this case, individual LEDs are rotated at different angles in the horizontal plane (up to ± 12 °) and the vertical plane (up to 2 ° down) to ensure the most consistent light distribution of the headlamp with GOST [1]. The rotation is carried out, as shown in figure 2 or figure 4. The illumination plot (lx) formed by the main beam of the FGM is presented on the shield 13, remote from the headlamp by 25 m, is given in Fig.6.

A group of LEDs (or modules) dipped and main beam, as well as LED-IR full dimming are blocked by a protective glass 5 (Fig. 1). The partial dimming LEDs are covered by a separate protective glass (to reduce the area of the outlet of the partial dimming lights to improve the blackout of the partial dimming lights).

To ensure the best visibility at a distance of 25-50 m from the vehicle, the full dimming LEDs turn towards the horizon downward at an angle of 1.5 ° -3 °.

Partial dimming fire is implemented on blue (blue-green and yellow) SD-3 (Fig. 1) with I ₀ = 300 cd, 2Θ _0.5 = 2-7 ° and power consumption ~ 1.2 W. The necessary light distribution is achieved by turning the LED in a horizontal plane at an angle (2-7 °) or using a diffuser that scatters the radiation by 5 ° -10 °.

The limitation of the radiation of fire of partial dimming in the vertical plane is carried out using SMU presented in Fig.7 and Fig.8. The device is made in the form of a volume cavity, for example, a truncated parallelepiped 8 (Fig. 1, as well as Figs. 7 and 8), consisting of two zones 14 and 15 without a lower face in the second zone. In zone 14, a group of SD-3s is placed with radiation in blue, blue-green or yellow light directed out through the slit into zone 15. Moreover, the slit 16 in the first zone 14 is blocked by prism-cylindrical optics 7 (Fig. 7) that generates radiation LED (module) in the horizontal plane (or protective glass), the second zone of the device 15 limits the output radiation in the upper hemisphere at an angle of no more than 6 °; the choice of the geometry of zone 15 is not dictated by the radiation of the LED (module), but by the lower part of the optics 17 (protective glass), as shown in Fig. 7.

The SMU 8 is mounted in the headlamp housing 1. Structurally, the SMU zone 14 is located inside the FSM housing 1 under the IR SD-4, in order to avoid illuminating the interior of the body and the SD-3 diffused light coming out of it through the main headlight safety glass. The fire of complete dimming is implemented on infrared LEDs 4 (SD-IR) (Fig. 1) I ₀ = 3.5 W / sr, 2Θ _0.5 = 2-7 °. The extension of the radiation angle of the lights of complete dimming in the horizontal plane is carried out using cylindrical lenses 7, 8 according to the type of figures 3 and 4, while the total angle of dispersion of the IR light can reach 60 °. It is possible to apply to this group of IR lights a device that limits radiation in the upper hemisphere, according to the type proposed for partial blackout lights.

The optimal rotation angles of the optical axes of LEDs for full and partial dimming lights, providing the necessary spatial distribution of radiation of narrow-haired LEDs, are shown in Table 1

Table 1 No. SD Blue LED LED with IR one 2 3 four one 2 3 four Vert angle up grad 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 0 0 0 0 Horizontal angle, deg -8 0 6 fourteen -fourteen -5 5 fourteen

Note. The horizontal deviation angle (+) is counted to the right of the direction of traffic, and (-) to the left.

The intended placement of white and blackout lights in a single building allows to reduce the consumption of materials and reduce the thermal heating of LEDs, as not all LEDs operate at the same time.

The headlamp is powered from a secondary power source (IWP) installed outside the FGM housing: in the car cab or under its hood.

The second example of the implementation of the invention is the FGM, in which the white dipped and main beam is provided by a commercially available headlight with a diameter of the 136 mm light hole based on an incandescent lamp 18. The specified headlight is mounted on the engine compartment or on the FGM radiator. In the latter case, alignment of all headlamp lights is done before installing the FGM; general adjustment of the FGM is carried out by adjusting the radiator with quotation screws.

The implementation of the lights partial and complete dimming 19, 20 (Fig.9) is similar to the previous example (Fig.1). The power supply for the headlights comes from the IWP located in the cab.

A third example is the design of a multifunctional blackout headlamp on an LED (see FIG. 10).

Headlight with a limited number of functions (FIG. 10): only blackout functions (partial and full dimming) are left. The headlight is made in the housing 21 with two lens diffusers overlapping its outlet (IR-SD 24 radiation and for blue LED 25) optically isolated from each other, or instead of them with protective glasses (in the case of discrete orientation of the LED in the horizontal plane) mounted in the frame 26. LEDs with partial blackout radiation - 23 and full blackout 22 are placed on radiators. SMU 27 is provided for partial blackout. Inside the housing there is a secondary power source IVP 27, powered through the connector 29. The headlight is mounted in the engine compartment by means of the attachment and adjustment unit of item 30.

LITERATURE

1. GOST R 41.20-99 “Uniform provisions concerning the approval of automotive headlamps with asymmetrical passing-beam lamps and / or main-beam lamps intended for use with halogen filament lamps (H4 lamps)”.

2. Application of Germany No. 3837732 A1, class F21P 5/02, F21V 9/08. Publ. 05/10/90 g.

3. The headlight of visible light with a blackout FG127. TU 37.003.749-76.

4. RF patent No. 2202731, cl. F21V 5/00, publ. 04/20/2004, Bull. No. 11.

5. Patent number RU 2266466 C1, class F21S 8/10, “Headlamp”.

Claims (5)

1. The multi-function headlamp for vehicles, comprising a housing, a module with LEDs with white, short-wave infrared radiation, blue, blue-blue, blue-green or yellow radiation, and some of the LEDs are covered with a direct Fresnel mesh lens with a direct carrier layer, a blackout a device with at least one horizontal slit, and a power supply converter with the ability to remotely turn on, characterized in that narrow-angle white LEDs are used to form the passing white light with a double scattering angle - 2Θ _0.5 = (2 ± 0.5) °, 2Θ _0.01 = (3 ± 0.5) °, for the formation of a high beam light - 2Θ _0.5 = 4-8 °, for the formation of complete dimming, use short-wave infrared LEDs, and for the formation of partial dimming use narrow-degree LEDs of blue, blue-green and yellow light with a double scattering angle of 2Θ _0.5 = 2-7 °, the light distribution of the headlights is formed by a cylindrical lens diffuser and / or prismatic elements, which are simultaneously a protective glass of each LED, or by turning an optical FIR axes of the LEDs in the vertical and horizontal planes. 2. The multifunctional headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that when forming a full dimming lamp, each or a group of IR LEDs are turned to the horizon by an angle of 1.5-3 ° and are blocked by a cylindrical lens diffuser, which scatters the LED radiation in a horizontal plane by an angle of 20 -60 °. 3. The multifunctional headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lights of partial dimming, the optical axis of the LEDs are installed in a horizontal plane at angles of 0-20 °, and in a vertical plane at angles of 0-7 °, or a cylindrical lens diffuser is installed on each LED scattering radiation by 5-10 °. 4. The multifunctional headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that when the dipped white lights are formed, the optical axes of the LEDs are mounted in vertical and horizontal planes at angles from 0 ° to 5 °, and the radiation of a part of the LEDs is deployed at an angle of 15 ° by turning a cylindrical lens diffuser. 5. The multifunctional headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the light masking device is made in the form of a volume cavity, for example, a truncated parallelepiped, is located opposite groups of LEDs with radiation in the blue, blue-green or yellow wavelength range and directed outwardly into the lower hemisphere for lighting the road surface.

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