RU2076264C1 - Method and lighting fixture for illuminating two-way traffic streets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting engineering. SUBSTANCE: lighting fixtures distinguished by wide luminous intensity distribution curve are arranged in two-row rectangular manner along roadway and provide for asymmetric distribution of light flux with two maxima of luminous intensities, one being against traffic and parallel to center line of street, other maximum of luminous intensity, at certain angle to center line of street unidirectionally with traffic within interval found from mathematical expression. Lighting used for the purpose have light source and side optical members, left one being turned with respect to longitudinal axis through angle found from mathematical expression. EFFECT: improved uniformity of brightness distribution over roadway in lateral plane of two-way traffic street. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of lighting engineering and can be used in outdoor street lighting devices with two-way traffic.

 The prior art methods of outdoor street lighting by means of lamps, creating a wide lateral light distribution with one or two planes of symmetry (see Aut. St. USSR N 163126, CL F 21 M 1/00, 1964. US patent N 1117360, CL . 240-78, 1966. French patent N 2151459, class F 21 Y 7/00, 1975; Application of Germany N 3310862. class F 21 Y 7/14, 1984).

 A disadvantage of the known methods of distributing the light flux symmetrical with respect to the transverse street plane is the relatively low efficiency of using the light flux of the light sources when forming the brightness of the roadway.

 Closest to the invention in terms of technical essence and a combination of features is a street lighting method, including the formation of an unevenly distributed light flux from lamps with a wide light intensity curve (see the article by N.P. Zhitov, M.A. Ostrovsky, L.A. Ponomarenko. Calculation of the effective light intensity curves of luminaires for street and road lighting (Lighting Engineering, 1975, N 3, p. 2-5).

 However, in this method, the formation of the luminous flux from each luminaire is also carried out on the condition of achieving a uniform distribution of the brightness of the carriageway of the road surface, which, with symmetrical light distribution, does not provide efficient lighting due to the low utilization of the luminous flux when forming the brightness of the street surface. In addition, when implementing the method does not provide the necessary brightness contrast of objects located in the sidewalk zone.

Known outdoor lighting fixtures that provide wide lateral light distribution, which contains a light source and lateral optical reflective elements placed symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis (see Aut. St. USSR N 163126, CL F 21 M 1/00, 1964 USSR patent N 1787234, CL F 21 Y 7/10, 1993, US Patent N 3857030, CL 240-103, 1974. Application of Germany N 3014344, CL F 21 Y 7/12, 1982);
The shape of the reflective elements in the known luminaires provides a uniform distribution of illumination, which is not optimal from the point of view of increasing the utilization of the light flux when forming the brightness of the carriageway of the street.

 An external illumination lamp is also known, comprising a light source and lateral optical reflective elements that are asymmetrically positioned relative to the longitudinal axis (see USSR Patent N 1835477, class F 21 Y 1/06, 1993). However, a structurally uneven light beam with asymmetric lateral light distribution is ensured by overlapping part of the reflective element, which does not allow the use of this lamp for efficient outdoor lighting of streets with two-way traffic.

 The invention is aimed at improving the lighting efficiency of streets with two-way traffic of vehicles by redistributing the light flux in the space of the streets under the combined action of lamps located in a double-row rectangular pattern.

β₁= arctg(0,5 b_пр.ч./0,75d);
β₂= arctg(b_пр.ч.+Δb″)/1,5d;
где: b_пр.ч. ширина проезжей части улицы;
Δb″ ширина дальнего от светильника тротуара;
d расстояние (шаг) между светильниками.The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that in the method of lighting streets with two-way traffic of vehicles, including the formation of an unevenly distributed light flux from luminaires with a wide light intensity curve, when they are double-row rectangular located along the carriageway according to the invention, an asymmetric light flux distribution with two light maximums is formed , one of which is directed against the movement of vehicles parallel to the axis of the street, and the second maximum light intensity at an angle preview m to the axis in the direction of movement of vehicles in the interval

β ₁ = arctan (0.5 b _sp.h. / 0.75d);
β ₂ = arctan (b _exc. + Δb ″) / 1.5d;
where: b _pr.ch. the width of the roadway;
Δb ″ the width of the sidewalk furthest from the lamp;
d distance (step) between the fixtures.

.In this case, the outdoor lighting lamp for implementing the inventive method, comprising a light source and lateral optical reflective elements placed asymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis, is characterized in that the left optical reflective element is installed with a turn to the longitudinal axis at an angle

.

 The claimed technical result with an asymmetric distribution of the luminous flux, which consists in increasing the uniformity of the distribution of brightness in the transverse street plane, is achieved due to the fact that the main luminous fluxes of the luminaires have directions in which the brightness of the road surface of the roadway is formed with higher brightness coefficients of the road surface .

 In addition, this reduces the glare of the lamps and increases the contrast of potential obstacles (pedestrians) on the sidewalk due to the illumination of the lower (basement) part of the building facades, which also increases the efficiency of street lighting.

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram of an implementation of a street lighting method with an asymmetric distribution of light flux.

 In FIG. 2 shows an outdoor lamp.

When implementing the inventive method for lighting a street with two-way traffic of vehicles, which has a roadway 1 with a width of "b _o.ch. " and sidewalks 2 and 3, respectively, with a width of "Δb '" and "Δb ″ (see Fig. 1) , luminaires 4 are used with a wide light intensity curve and asymmetric placement of lateral optical reflective elements 5 and 6 relative to the longitudinal axis passing through the light source 7 (see Fig. 2), which are installed along the carriageway 1 in a two-row rectangular pattern with a step of "d "

 The invention is implemented as follows.

" к оси улицы в направлении движения транспортных средств, который лежит в интервале:

где
β₁= arctg(0,5 b_пр.ч./0,75d);
β₂= arctg(b_пр.ч.+Δb″)/1,5d
Асимметричное распределение светового потока обеспечивается тем, что в светильниках 4 наружного освещения левый оптический отражательный элемент 5 установлен с разворотом к продольной оси под углом

При этом для каждого светильника 4 можно выделить следующие характерные рабочие зоны:
зона I, которая характеризуется плавным переходом от полуширокого к широкому светораспределению в пределах меридиальных сечений, направление которых находится в интервале углов

В вертикальной плоскости распределение сил света под большими углами α=75^° и более имеет резкий спад значений сил света от 0,8 I_αimax до I_α=0;.For a uniform distribution of the brightness of the road surface in the transverse plane of the street, an asymmetric distribution of the luminous flux with two maximums of light intensity from each lamp 4 is formed, while the first maximum light intensity Imax _{1 is} directed at an angle β = 180 ^o against the movement of vehicles parallel to the street (roadway 1), and the second maximum luminous intensity "Imax ₂ " is located at an angle "

"to the axis of the street in the direction of movement of vehicles, which lies in the interval:

Where
β ₁ = arctan (0.5 b _sp.h. / 0.75d);
β ₂ = arctan (b _{other parts} + Δb ″) / 1,5d
The asymmetric distribution of the luminous flux is ensured by the fact that in the luminaires 4 of the external lighting, the left optical reflective element 5 is mounted with an angle to the longitudinal axis

In this case, for each lamp 4, the following characteristic working areas can be distinguished:
zone I, which is characterized by a smooth transition from half-wide to wide light distribution within the meridian sections, the direction of which is in the range of angles

In the vertical plane, the distribution of light at large angles α = 75 ^° or more has a sharp decline in the values of light from 0.8 I _αimax to I _α = 0 ;.

,
где β₂=arctg (b_пр.ч.+Δb″)/1,5d;
зона Ш, которая характеризуется резким спадом значений сил света от I_αmax2 при широком светораспределении до I_αi=I_ocosα_i (где I_o сила света в направлении по нормали к плоскости светового отверстия светильника) в меридиальных плоскостях, направление которых находится в интервале углов
Δβ₃= (β₂- 90^°);
зона IV, которая характеризуется возрастанием значений сил света в меридиальных плоскостях, направление которых находится в интервале углов
Δβ_и= (90^°-β_и),,
где β_и= 90^°+arctg(d/0,5b_пр.ч.).zone P, which is characterized by a wide light distribution with a maximum luminous intensity I _max2 within the meridian sections, the direction of which is in the range of angles

,
where β ₂ = arctan (b _exc. + Δb ″) / 1.5d;
zone Ш, which is characterized by a sharp decrease in the luminous intensities from I _αmax2 at wide light distribution to I _αi = I _o cosα _i (where I _o the light intensity in the direction normal to the plane of the light opening of the lamp) in the meridional planes, the direction of which is in the range of angles
Δβ ₃ = (β ₂ - 90 ^° );
zone IV, which is characterized by an increase in the values of light forces in the meridional planes, the direction of which is in the range of angles
Δβ _and = (90 ^° -β _and ) ,,
where β _and = 90 ^° + arctg (d / 0.5b _sp.h. ).

) до I_αi=75^° (3-4) I_o в меридиальной плоскости, ориентируемой углом β_и;
зона V, которая характеризуется широким светораспределением с максимальной силой света I_max1 в пределах меридиальных сечений, направление которых находится в интервале углов
Δβ₅= (β₄- β₅),
где β₅= 180^°+arctg Δb′/d;
зона VI, которая характеризуется плавным переходом от широкого к полуширокому светораспределению в пределах меридиальных сечений, направление которых находятся в интервале углов
Δβ₆= (β₅- β₆);
где β₆= 360^° arctg(b′/0,75d)=β′
В вертикальных плоскостях распределение сил света меняется от широкого при
β₅= 180^°+ arctg(Δb′/d) до
I_αi=270^°≅ I_ocosα_i
при β=270^o, а затем снова увеличивается и изменяется по формуле до полуширокого при

.In this case, the values of the light intensities increase from I _αi = I _o cosα _i , (for

) to I _αi = 75 ^° (3-4) I _o in the meridian plane, oriented by the angle β _and ;
zone V, which is characterized by a wide light distribution with a maximum luminous intensity I _max1 within the meridian sections, the direction of which is in the range of angles
Δβ ₅ = (β ₄ - β ₅ ),
where β ₅ = 180 ^° + arctan Δb ′ / d;
zone VI, which is characterized by a smooth transition from wide to half-wide light distribution within the meridian sections, the direction of which is in the range of angles
Δβ ₆ = (β ₅ - β ₆ );
where β ₆ = 360 ^° arctan (b ′ / 0.75d) = β ′
In vertical planes, the distribution of light forces varies from wide at
β ₅ = 180 ^° + arctan (Δb ′ / d) to
I _αi = 270 ^° ≅ I _o cosα _i
at β = 270 ^o , and then again increases and changes according to the formula to half-wide at

.

Thus, the asymmetric distribution of the light flux with the fall of the part of the light flux emitted at an angle Δβ ₂ = (β ₁ - β ₂ ) to the street axis, on the opposite side of the carriageway 1 up to the opposite sidewalk 3 and even on the lower part of the building facades, the combined effect of several luminaires 4 installed with a two-row rectangular arrangement along the carriageway 1, provides an increase in the uniformity of the distribution of brightness over the surface of the road surface in the transverse plane of the street and vertical illumination on the sidewalk 3 and on the lower part of the building facades, which leads to an increase in the contrast of the detection object located on the sidewalk 3.

Claims (2)

1. A method of lighting streets with two-way traffic of vehicles, including the formation of an unevenly distributed luminous flux from luminaires with a wide curve of luminous intensity with their two-row rectangular distribution along the roadway, characterized in that each luminaire forms an asymmetric distribution of luminous flux with two maxima of luminous intensity , one of which is directed against the movement of vehicles parallel to the street axis, and the other is the maximum light intensity at an angle to the street axis in occurrence of movement of vehicles in the interval

where β ₁ = arctan (0.5 b _sp.h. / 0.75d);
β ₂ = arctan (b _exc. + Δb ″) 1.5d;
a _{n on p. h.} the width of the roadway;
Δb ″ the width of the sidewalk furthest from the lamp;
d distance (step) between the fixtures. 2. An external street lighting lamp with two-way traffic of the vehicle, comprising a light source and side optical reflective elements placed asymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis, characterized in that the left optical reflective element is mounted at an angle to the longitudinal axis with rotation

a

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