RU2592321C2 - "air" road surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to road surface in construction of roads and aerodrome construction and railway lines. Technical effect: Road pavement includes soil base and asphalt-concrete upper layer. On soil under a layer made of net of horizontal sealed plastic rods, on which there are vertical plastic rods, said rods are filled with compressed air to create pressure inside them above atmospheric pressure for perception of road structure loads from moving along it transport, formed by cavities between said rods are filled with binding material, such as foamed concrete or concrete.

EFFECT: enabling transmission of vertical load from transport on neighbouring areas, reduced sensitivity of coating to occurring defects of a soil foundation.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

1 area of use

It is proposed to apply the schematic diagram of the device of the roadway, which is reflected in the construction of the pavement below, both in the construction of roads and in the construction of airfields and railways.

2. Technical level in road, airfield and railway construction.

Currently, the construction of pavement is carried out in the vast majority in the following ways:

2.1 using asphalt (source of information - 1; 2; 3 in the list of used literature below)

2.2 using road reinforced concrete slabs (source of information - 4 in the list of used literature below)

2.3 monolithic concreting (source of information - 5 in the list of used literature below)

2.4 with the use of wooden and reinforced concrete sleepers (during the construction of railways) (source of information - 6 in the list of used literature below).

The characteristic features of these methods:

2.1 using asphalt:

2.1.1 preparation of the subgrade, including the planning of a section intended for the road with a cut of soil at the place of passage of the road, or the filling of the subgrade with further planning by its special equipment (bulldozers, scrapers, etc.)

2.1.2 a multi-layer pillow of crushed stone of various fractions with rolling this crushed stone with special equipment (rollers, vibrators, etc.)

2.1.3 paving the upper section of the road

2.2 using road reinforced concrete slabs

2.2.1 preparation of the subgrade as in paragraph 2.1.1

2.2.2 filling a small pillow of crushed stone

2.2.3 laying of road slabs, which are the upper section of the road

2.3 cast concrete

2.3.1 preparation of the subgrade as in paragraph 2.1.1

2.3.2 filling a small pillow of crushed stone

2.3.3 installation of reinforcing mesh of steel rods for the upper section of the road

2.3.4 pouring reinforcement mesh with concrete

2.4 using wooden or reinforced concrete slabs

2.4.1 preparation of the subgrade as in paragraph 2.1.1

2.4.2 laying sleepers

2.4.3 filling crushed stone with ramming it

2.4.4 installation and unfastening of the rail.

3. Disclosure of invention

The implementation of the proposed design of the pavement can be performed in two ways:

3.1 with the use of monolithic foam concrete (or concrete) coating along “air” rods

3.2 using foam concrete (or concrete) “air” road slabs

The main stages of the design:

3.1 with the use of monolithic foam concrete (or concrete) coating along “air” rods

3.1.1 preparation of the subgrade similar to paragraph 2.1.1

3.1.2 laying on the subgrade a sealed plastic rod filled with compressed air above atmospheric pressure (it is possible to fill the rod with another material that allows creating above-atmospheric pressure inside the rod).

The work of laying plastic rods is performed in the following sequence:

3.1.2.1. A mesh of plastic rods filled with compressed air is laid on a subgrade.

The diameter of the rods is 20-100 mm. The distance between the rods is minimum

3.1.2.2 vertical plastic rods are also installed at the corners of the mesh, also filled with compressed air.

The height and diameter of the rods, as well as the pressure value of the compressed air is determined by the value of the weight load per unit area of the roadway, as well as the technical parameters of the soil.

The denser the soil, the lower the height of the rods and the air pressure inside them

3.1.2.3 a grid is laid on the vertical rods, similar to paragraph 3.1.2.1 (the technology of the pavement without the installation of an upper horizontal grid is possible)

3.1.2.4 voids inside the resulting frame are filled with foam concrete (or concrete, or other bonding material)

To eliminate the displacements of the vertical rods, as well as the displacements of the longitudinal and transverse rods located in the grid, a light plastic fake mesh is used, placed under the lower and upper mesh of "air" plastic rods. In order to accelerate the construction of roads, sections of the bulk frame of plastic rods filled with air can be assembled in advance in the workshop and delivered to the construction site for further installation and filling with foam concrete (or other bonding material)

3.2 using foam concrete (concrete) “air” road slabs

3.2.1 preparation of the subgrade similar to paragraph 2.1.1

3.2.2 laying foam concrete (concrete) “air” slabs made in workshop conditions

3.2.3 filling with foam concrete of the mounting joints (it is possible to finish the external surface of the road with asphalt or another coating.)

A typical scheme of the pavement of foam concrete (concrete) "air" slabs is shown in the graphic part (Fig.1-4).

3.3 Interpretation of the symbols used in the graphic part:

1. longitudinal (transverse) "air" plastic rod

2. vertical "air" plastic rod

3. foam concrete (concrete)

3.4. The difference between the proposed design of the pavement from the analogue:

As an analogue, a road asphalt pavement scheme was taken, which consists of the following steps:

3.4.1 soil removal with special equipment (bulldozers, scrapers, etc.)

3.4.2 delivery of soil (if necessary) using dump trucks and special equipment

3.4.3 planning of the subgrade by special equipment with compaction by rollers and vibrators

3.4.4 delivery of crushed stone of a large fraction (fr. 20-70 mm)

3.4.5 layout of crushed stone with special equipment with compaction by rollers and vibrators

3.4.6 delivery of crushed stone of small fraction (3-20 mm) for the "raklitsevka"

3.4.7. Layout of crushed stone of a fine fraction similar to paragraph 3.4.5.

3.4.8 asphalt coating

To apply a high-quality pavement, the following conditions must be met:

1. the soil coating must be compacted so that under the conditions of soaking (spring thaw, heavy rains, ground water, etc.) it practically does not sag

2. crushed stone coating should consist of crushed stone with “torn” edges, so that during tamping operations, its individual elements do not “slide” along each other, but are compacted to the height of the coating

3. crushed stone strength must be able to withstand the local load on it without destruction

4. asphalt should provide good adhesion to crushed stone both in the conditions of heat, and in the conditions of cold.

It is quite difficult to ensure compliance with all these conditions, therefore:

Since the crushed stone component of the coating is not monolithic, that is, it does not transfer the vertical load applied to this particular section of the road towards adjacent sections, then under conditions of local damage to the road (subsidence, mechanical damage to the roadway, etc.), destruction occurs neighboring sections, since the vertical load that was previously added to the horizontal load that occurs at the contact point of the transport wheel in the pothole of the road, the damage zone of the road increases on the web and it is destroyed.

The technology for performing work using the proposed design consists of the following steps (for monolithic foam concrete (concrete) “air” coating):

1. soil work similar to paragraphs 3.4.1-3.4.3

2. laying a plastic mesh consisting of horizontal and vertical rods filled with compressed air above atmospheric pressure

3. applying a foam concrete (concrete) coating to the inter-core voids

4. topcoat with asphalt or other material.

The application of the proposed structural components of the road surface differs from the currently accepted asphalt pavement in the following positions:

1 lack of gravel

2. the ability to transfer the vertical load acting on the road surface from passing vehicles to neighboring sections

3. less sensitivity (decreased performance) of the road surface to emerging defects of the soil base

4. The ability to use both on dense and on loose soils (up to marshy).

To ensure good performance, it is possible to vary the air pressure in the plastic rods

5. the ability to perform part of the work in workshop conditions (mesh sections of plastic rods filled with compressed air)

6. reducing material costs, since the crushed stone base of the road is replaced with a cheaper one (a plastic rod filled with compressed air)

7. reduction of construction time (the ability to carry out part of the work in advance in the workshop)

8. the ability to carry out preparatory work in the winter and store finished units in the open air, since the shelf life of plastic rods filled with compressed air is practically unlimited

9. The pavement under this proposal is characterized by the fact that instead of crushed stone, a structure of containers with excess pressure inside them is laid instead of crushed stone (for example, plastic rods filled with compressed air of a certain pressure, followed by filling the voids between the rods with foam concrete (concrete or other similar aggregate) )

The finishing layer of the coating, along with asphalt, can be performed with other materials with high wear-resistant characteristics.

4. The range of application of the proposed structural units

The proposed structural units can be used in any construction industry where crushed stone component (or similar) coating is used:

1. automobile roads

2. airfields

3. railways, etc.

Bibliography

1. “Construction of roads. A manual for masters and manufacturers of works of road organizations »Author Popov V.G. Publishing house Moscow Automobile and Road Institute, Moscow, 2001

2. SNiP 2.05.85 "Highways".

3. SNiP 2.05.11-83 “On-farm roads on collective farms, state farms and other agricultural enterprises”.

4. Ministry of Transport Construction.

Main Technical Department

All-Union Project-Technological Institute of Transport Construction "VPTITRANSSTROY"

Technological map “The device of a prefabricated coating of reinforced concrete slabs with the laying of geotextiles under the seams and edges of the coating” Moscow 1986

5. Ministry of Transport Construction.

Instruction manual

For the construction of cement-concrete coatings for roads.

BCH 139-80

Ministry of Transport. Moscow, 1990

6. Spiridonov E.S., Zhinkin T.N., Lutsky S.Ya.

"Construction of railways." Textbook for high schools. Moscow, Transport, 1995

Claims (1)

A road surface containing a soil base and an asphalt concrete top layer, characterized in that a layer made of a grid of horizontally located sealed plastic rods is placed on the soil base, on which vertical plastic rods are mounted, said rods being filled with compressed air, which creates a pressure inside them higher atmospheric for the perception of the loads acting on the road structure from the vehicle moving along it, and the voids formed between the indicated rods are filled They are not bonded with a material such as foam concrete or concrete.

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