RU2585370C2 - Explosive device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: defense industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to military and defence industry and can be used as an explosive device with double destruction effect. Explosive device consists of housing, in which there is a system of cumulative charges of impact core with spherical recesses from explosive. Charges are equipped with secondary detonators interacting through detonating cords with primary detonating fuse arranged outside housing of land mine. In centre of device there is a bushing with bells, inside of which there is an insert made from a metal disc. Spherical recess cumulative charges are directed to centre of device. On surface of bushing on each of cones there are detonating tubes wound in spiral on funnels.

EFFECT: possibility of creating propellant explosive device with double destruction effect.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the military and defense industries and can be used as a mine and warhead missiles, bombs with a double effect of destruction, namely a high-explosive explosion and subsequent volumetric explosion.

Known device "MANUAL Grenade Golodyaev." RU. Application No. 20111113649.A. IPC F42B 12/00 (2006.01).

A hand grenade is distinguished by the fact that in the case there is a system of cumulative charges of a shock core with spherical recesses from a conventional explosive, equipped with secondary detonators interacting through detonating cords of equal length with a primary detonator of a fuse located outside the grenade body, and having metal cylinders with spherical convex ends to the charge in the spherical recesses of the charges in which the explosive material of Bi (BH ₄ ) ₂ or another metal hydride is located, while the spherical The recesses are directed to the center of the grenade, and the detonating cords pass along the surface of the grenade in protective covers. (Prototype).

The disadvantage is compared with the proposed development of low explosion efficiency.

The known device "Cumulative projectile".

Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A shell.

Cumulative projectile - ammunition designed to destroy armored vehicles and garrisons of long-term fortifications by creating a narrow-blast jet of explosion products with high penetration.

            High-explosive projectile - ammunition designed to destroy field and long-term fortifications, wire fences, buildings.

The disadvantage is the low power of explosive high explosives and their small part of the weight of the projectile. For example: in a high-explosive shell with a caliber of 152 mm, only 5 kg of TNT.

A device is known for “BATTLE PART OF TYPE“ IMPACT NUCLEAR ”OF BATTLE ELEMENT OF PRECISION AIMING”. RU. Patent No. 2084808. C1. IPC 6 F42B 12/18. Application: 94010341/02, 03.23.1994.

The inventive shell 1 placed shell 7 type "impact core" with a housing 5 and a detonator 8. In front of it placed a charge 3 with a heat-resistant coating. An executive-detonating mechanism 4 is placed in the bottom, and piezoelectric generators are in the front.

The disadvantage is the low explosive power and weak high-explosive effect in the affected area.

The famous "METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY FROM METAL MATERIALS". RU. Patent No. 2260779. C1. IPC 7 G01L 5/14, F42B 12/02.

Application: 2004114626/02, 05/14/2004.

The invention relates to a means of generating energy from metallic materials by exposing the target to shells. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that they bombard a solid target with a projectile having speed at the moment of meeting with the target, determined by the formula:

where is the energy of the metal bond of the material of the projectile, eV · atom - 1; A is the atomic mass of the material of the projectile, atomic units of mass; is the impact efficiency coefficient satisfying the inequality 0.15 <2. The implementation of the invention allows to increase the efficiency of the explosion of a solid metal or metal alloy of the projectile and to provide high negative acceleration of the projectile when it meets the target.

The disadvantage is the inability to obtain an explosive device without a shot from the barrel of a weapon.

The technical result (the purpose of the invention) is the creation of a high explosive charge with a double effect of defeat, which has tremendous destructive power.

The technical result (technical solution) is achieved by the fact that in the case in which the system of cumulative charges of the impact core with spherical recesses from the blasting explosive, equipped with secondary detonators interacting via detonating cords with the same properties and equal length with the primary detonator of the igniter located outside a land mine shell, and in the center of the device there is a sleeve with sockets, inside of which there is an insert of a metal disk, and explosive material of hydrides and aluminum or other metal hydride obtained by electrochemical saturation with hydrogen and having a passivating surface film located in the spherical cavities of the cumulative charges, which are located on the same axis as the axis of the sleeve and disk, while the spherical cavities of the cumulative charges are directed to the center of the land mine, and the disk is made of metal or an alloy, for example, steel, or tungsten, or lead, moreover, on the surface of the sleeve on each of the sockets there are detonating tubes wound in a spiral onto the sockets and connected to explosive blasting substance of cumulative charges, and the second end with the ends of the explosive blasting substance of the cylindrical implosion charge tube, the length of the detonating tubes transferring the detonating wave from the blasting explosive of cumulative charges to the cylindrical implosion tube simultaneously with the moment of collision of the nuclei from the explosive material about the disk and between the detonating tubes, between themselves and also between the cylindrical implosion tube and the body are inserts for extinguishing etoniruyuschey wave of non-metallic material, for example, PCB, detonating cords and a detonator fuse of the primary pass over the surface of the housing in a protective casing.

The drawing shows an explosive device.

Internet "Wikipedia" - "Liquid hydrogen"("LI") - the liquid state of aggregation of hydrogen with a low specific gravity of 0.07 g / cm ³ .

The hydrogen content in aluminum hydride is 10%, a density of 1.45 g / cm ³ _.

The hydrogen content in 1 cm 3 hydride comp. 0.145 g

The hydrogen content in crystalline aluminum hydride is 2.0714 times greater than in liquid hydrogen.

All this provides high competitiveness to other substances upon receipt of large volumes of plasma. Small molar mass, and therefore a large number of moles per 1 kg of material. The molar mass of a substance, expressed in grams per mole, is numerically equal to the mass of the molecule of this substance, expressed in atomic units of mass. One mole of the substance occupies 22.4 liters in the gas state under normal conditions. Based on the fact that 1 mol of atomic hydrogen occupies 22.4 liters under normal conditions, then 1 kg of atomic hydrogen occupies a volume of 22,400 liters or 22.4 meters cubic. No explosive can provide such a volume with explosion products from 1 kg of the original substance.

Statics

An explosive device is made of a housing (1) in which a system of cumulative charges (2) of a shock core with spherical recesses (3) from blasting explosives (4) equipped with secondary detonators (5) interacting via detonating cords (6) with the same properties and of equal length with the primary detonator (7) of the igniter (8) located outside the HE shell, and in the center of the device there is a sleeve (9) with sockets (10), inside of which there is an insert from a metal disk (11), and explosive material ( 12) from aluminum hydride inium or other metal hydride obtained by electrochemical saturation with hydrogen and having a passivating surface film located in spherical recesses (3) of cumulative charges (2), which are located on the same axis with the axis of the sleeve (9), and the disk (11), while spherical the recesses (3) of the cumulative charges (2) are directed to the center of the HE, and the disk (11) is made of metal or alloy, for example, steel, or tungsten, or lead, and on the surface of the sleeve (9) on each of the sockets (10) are located detonating tubes (13) wound on sockets (10) p spirals and connected to the explosive blastant (4) of cumulative charges (2), and the second end to the ends of the explosive blastant of the sleeve (16) of the cylindrical implosion charge, the length of the detonating tubes (13) transmitting the detonating wave from the blasting explosive of cumulative charges (2) to cylindrical implosion tubes (16) simultaneously with the moment of collision of the impact nuclei from the explosive material (12) against the disk (11), and between the detonating tubes (13) between themselves and also between the tube (16) and the body (1) inserts (14) for damping the detonating wave from non-metallic material, for example, from PCB, are laid, and detonating cords (6) from the primary detonator (7) with a fuse (8) pass along the surface of the housing (1) in protective covers (15), for example, Application for invention No. 20133150430 “Detonating tube”.

Work

The fuse is screwed into the socket on the outer surface of the explosive device body. The primary detonator is located at the ends of the detonating cord. When a primary detonator is detonated, synchronous detonation of secondary detonators and detonation of cumulative charges with spherical funnels occur through detonating cords of equal length from one production batch and cut from one piece in half.

Internet: - "http://www.fxyz.ru/physics_formulas/mechanics/dynamics/work_energy_power/energy/kinetic_energy/".

Wк - kinetic energy of the body, energy of movement (J),

m - body weight (kg),

s - body movement (meter),

u is the body velocity (m / s),

a - body acceleration (m / s ² ),

The kinetic energy of the body and the energy of matter are measured (J),

The kinetic energy of the body, the energy of motion, is written in the form of the formula: 1

Wk = mas = 1 / 2mu ^2,

Weight 1 kg, speed 3000 m / s,

Wk = 4.5 (MJ),

When energy is transferred to a solid crystalline body, an increase in the speed of motion (vibrations in the crystal lattice) occurs. When a certain value of this energy is reached, the crystal lattice decays, i.e. the body breaks up into atoms. There are several states of solid matter, namely solid, liquid, gaseous. Only in the gaseous state does the substance decompose into atoms. This condition occurs when the substance is heated to boiling point. The boiling point of aluminum is 2518.82 ° C. At this temperature, hydrogen pumped into aluminum hydride also has this temperature. For complete decay, 1 kg of aluminum requires 13 MJ. This condition is if all the energy remains in the collision zone. The shock nucleus can only be stopped by a counter collision with another nucleus with the same kinetic energy. In technology, there is a device called a Dewar vessel. It retains heat inside. Not a single metal for this vessel is capable of withstanding the collision energy of impact nuclei. It is replaced by the effect of a spherical (cylindrical) implosion of an explosion. At the moment of collision around the colliding nuclei, a cylinder explodes from an explosive. An explosion inward compresses the released steam and hydrogen, as well as splashes and splinters of aluminum hydride. The cylindrical implosion of the explosion, in addition, compresses the collision products, and, therefore, additionally heats them. In addition, a metal disk is located between the shock nuclei at the collision site. The flow of atoms from the aluminum of the impact nucleus takes place in it. Impact cores made of alloy hydride or metal go to the center of a land mine with a speed reaching 3000 meters per second each. When they collide, the kinetic energy goes into heat, and the shock nuclei already have a temperature of 400 to 800 degrees Celsius (from various sources of information) due to internal deformation in the "shock core" during acceleration.

Explosive Explosion Temperature.

There is an effect described by Professor Marakhtanov M.K.

Internet: - http://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/4072/

SCIENCE AND LIFE/. Archive of the journal "Science and Life" / Science on the March /

The science. Far search.

№4, 2002 METAL EXPLODES!

“.... When an armor-piercing projectile made of solid metal weighing 4 kilograms, not equipped with explosive, was introduced into the steel plate, a zone of discoloration colors appeared around the hole, indicating strong heating. The assessment showed that the amount of heat released was several times greater than the kinetic energy of the projectile. The process efficiency exceeded 400%! ....

... .. Consider the projectile as a stopping coil. Its atoms are rigidly connected by a crystal lattice into a single array. When the projectile hits the armor, the lattice stops, but free electrons continue to move by inertia in the same way as in the experiment of Tolman and Stuart. Only now their acceleration relative to ions is approximately 107 m / s ² . Since the speed of the directed electron beam is proportional to the acceleration, we can assume that when the projectile decelerates, it is five orders of magnitude greater than when the copper coil stops. This means that the kinetic energy of the directed electron flow in the projectile will be ten orders of magnitude higher than in copper. It is this energy, due to the localization of free electrons, that causes a partial decay of the projectile or a complete meteorite explosion. .... "

To use this effect, a sleeve (9) with 2 sockets (10) and a flat insert in the form of a disk (11) is located in the center of the device. In the collision of both shock nuclei, the disk appears between the shock nuclei. A peculiar galvanic pair is created: - explosive material from aluminum hydride with an "amorphous" structure or other metal hydride, obtained by the electrochemical method and having a passivating surface film and disk metal. Free electrons from the explosive material go into this disk and the sleeve. The sleeve also serves as a moderator for the expansion of collision products until the outer tube (16) explodes from a blasting material to create the effect of cylindrical implosion, a special case of spherical implosion. And the accumulated energy is released in the form of heat from heating during deformation of the acceleration of the shock nucleus, from the transition of kinetic energy into heat, from the electronic effect, from the temperature of the explosion of the cumulative charge and from the effect of cylindrical implosion of the explosion (compression). The cumulative charges united into a common explosive circuit provide a spherical implosion of the explosion at the site of impact nucleus collision. The collision products of the impact nuclei are compressed, and all the collision energy remains inside the spherical implosion of the explosion. Because very high pressure is created and the explosive material is in the form of aluminum hydride, its crystal lattice can be compressed up to 6 times (the effect of obtaining supercritical mass in plutonium charges of atomic bombs). This causes the main heating. Explosive material (11) turns into a low-temperature plasma and vapor of vaporized metal.

With a spherical explosion implosion, the temperature in the center arises significantly above 4000 degrees Celsius. This temperature of 4000 degrees is taken conditionally, for calculations, taking into account the maximum boiling point of the elements in the AlH ₃ hydride compound and the temperature of the explosives during the explosion. The optimum temperature for hydrogen evolution from AlH3 hydride is about 160 degrees Celsius.

The boiling point of aluminum = 2519 ° C.

Hydrogen begins to decay into atoms at temperatures above 3000 degrees Celsius.

In metal hydrides, hydrogen is in an atomic state. All further calculations come from the condition that hydrogen is atomic, because For a compound in a molecule, a sufficiently large period (relative to the time of explosion) is required, and atomic hydrogen is already heated to a temperature above 3000 degrees Celsius.

1 mol Al = 26.98 grams.

1 mol of H + = 1.0 grams.

1 mol of the substance in the gas state is in 22.4 liters.

1 mol AlH3 = 29.98 grams.

AlH ₃ => Al + 3H = 22.4 + 3 × 22.4 = 22.4 + 67.2 = 89.6 liters.

1 mol of AlH ₃ = 26.98 + 3 × 1 = 29.98 grams.

1 mol of AlH ₃ = 22.4 × 4 = 89.6 liters.

In 1 kg of AlH ₃ in the gas state contains 33.3 mol, which is 2983.68 liters at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.

Given the law of Gay-Lussac, the volume at a temperature of 4000 degrees. Celsius will be:

4000 degrees × 0.00366 × 2983.68 liters = 42964 liters.

1 kg of TNT (TNT) gives up to 700 liters of gas in an explosion.

Direct recounting gives an increase in the power of a high-explosive explosion 61.3 times more powerful than TNT.

An explosive device uses the effect of a spherical (cylindrical) implosion of an explosion. This effect provides a sharp compression of the hydride and its decomposition products from heating during impact. In this case, there is a rapid heating above the boiling point of the metals that make up the hydride base. It turns out (relatively speaking) a plasma with a low temperature. Inside the explosion with spherical (cylindrical) implosion of ordinary TNT, there are metal atoms and hydrogen atoms. All atoms are heated to high temperatures and are in the volume of the initial hydride state. It creates tremendous pressure. A very strong “physical” explosion occurs. After the expansion of the gases, a second explosion occurs from the oxidation by air oxygen of metal and hydrogen atoms. A kind of volumetric explosion occurs. Its effect is negligible compared to the initial "physical" explosion.

Execution example

Used parts of the anti-tank mines TM-83.

"Instructions for the use and construction of the TM-83 anti-tank mine" of the USSR Ministry of Defense (Military Publishing House. Moscow. 1984). Technical characteristics of the TM-83 mine: the total mass of the mine in an uncontrolled version is 20.4 kg, of which the weight of the mine is 2.7 kg, the mass of explosives is 9.6 kg, the diameter of the explosive charge is 250 mm, and the charge height is 200 mm. A copper blank (facing a spherical recess) with a diameter of 173 mm and a weight of 1 kg.

In an explosive device circuit, an explosive device uses a counter impact. The mass of the explosive is 2 mines TM83 = 9.6 kg × 2 = 19.2 kg. The speed of each strike nucleus is 3000 meters per second.

The total mass of two shock cores of standard mines with copper cladding is about 2 kg

The device used a lining of a recess of a charge of aluminum hydride with a mass of 1 kg instead of a lining of copper in a TM-83 mine. It uses a charge from the TM83 mine and the main fuse, its own non-contact two-channel fuse, MD-5M, used to explode both charges. It is inserted into a new case about three meters long, with charges located at opposite ends of the case. The dimensions of the charge of a spherical (cylindrical) implosion of an explosion are a TG pipe with an internal size of 150 mm, an outer diameter of 210 mm, and a length of 450 mm. TG loading density = 1640-1680 kg / m ³ TNT density 1.66 kg / cm3. Explosive weight up to 13 kg. Thus, the mass of explosives TNT or TG up to 32.2 kg. The explosion power of aluminum hydride weighing 2 kg (2 cores) is 2 kg × 61.3 = 122.6 kg of TNT. The total explosion power is up to 154.8 kg in TNT equivalent. This is approximately equal to the action of FAB250. And the total weight of such an "explosive device" will not exceed 80 kg.

A charge of this power can completely destroy the bridge, warship, fortified bunker.

The technical and economic indicators in terms of their striking effect are approaching an order of magnitude more powerful in ammunition. In the mass production of aluminum hydride saturated by an electrochemical method, the cost of an explosive will be comparable to the cost of producing hexagen, tetryl.

 List of items

1. housing

2. cumulative charge

3. spherical recess

4. blasting explosive

5. secondary detonator

6. detonating cord

7. primary detonator

8. fuse

9. sleeve

10. bell

11. metal disk

12. explosive material

13. detonating tube

14. insert

15. protective cover

16. tube explosive blasting substance of cylindrical implosion.

Claims (1)

An explosive device consisting of a housing in which a system of cumulative charges of a shock core with spherical recesses from a blasting explosive is arranged, equipped with secondary detonators interacting via detonating cords with the same properties and equal length with a primary fuse detonator located outside the explosive device’s body, characterized the fact that in the center of the device there is a sleeve with sockets, inside of which there is an insert of a metal disk, and explosive material of gy aluminum oxide or other metal hydride obtained by electrochemical saturation with hydrogen and having a passivating surface film located in spherical recesses of cumulative charges, which are located on the same axis as the axis of the sleeve and disk, while the spherical recesses of cumulative charges are directed to the center of a land mine, and the disk is made of metal or alloy, for example steel, or tungsten, or lead, and on the surface of the sleeve, on each of the sockets, there are detonating tubes wound in spirals on the sockets and joints associated with an explosive blasting agent of cumulative charges, and the second end with the ends of an explosive blasting substance of a cylindrical implosion charge tube, the length of the detonating tubes transferring the detonating wave from the blasting explosive of cumulative charges to the tube of cylindrical implosion simultaneously with the moment of collision of the impact nuclei from the explosive material the disk and between the detonating tubes between themselves, and also between the cylindrical implosion tube and the housing are inserts for detonating waves of non-metallic material, such as textolite, and detonating cords from the primary fuse detonator pass along the surface of the housing in protective casings.

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