RU2580866C1 - Composition for producing heat-resistant concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction materials, particularly to production of heat-resistant concrete based on chemical binding substances. Technical result is high ultimate compression strength and heat resistance of refractory concrete. Composition for refractory concrete contains phosphoric acid and spent catalyst IM-2201, carbonate sludge from water treatment system, alumocalcium sludge and sludge from caustic etching of aluminium and its alloys containing, wt%: SiO₂ - 18; Al₂O₃ - 48.8; Fe₂O₃ - 12; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 2.5; R₂O - 9.9; LOI 34.5 in following ratio, wt%: spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15, carbonate slurry from water treatment 33-40, alumocalcium sludge 10-13, H₃PO₄ 10-15, sludge from caustic etching of aluminium and alloys thereof containing, wt%: SiO₂ - 18; Al₂O₃ - 48.8; Fe₂O₃ - 12; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 2.5; R₂O - 9.9; LOI 34.5, 24-30.

EFFECT: use of man-made materials in preparation of heat-resistant concrete promotes recycling of industrial waste, protects environment and expands raw material base for building materials.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular the production of heat-resistant concrete based on chemical binders. Chemical binders used in heat-resistant concrete include water glass, silicate block (a transparent glassy alloy of alkaline silicates - semi-finished liquid glass) and phosphate bonds.

Known compositions for producing porous aggregates (for concrete) based on chemical binders of the following composition, wt.%: Water glass - 45-65; sodium chloride - 5-15; the waste of a mining and processing factory in coal enrichment - 15-20; inter-shale clay formed during the production of oil shale - 15-20 / US Pat. Russian Federation No. 2440312, IPC C04B 14/24. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Kulikov V.A .; Applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after academician S.P. Queen. - No. 2010122114, declared 05/31/20910; publ. 01/20/2012. Bull. No. 2 / [1].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low strength of 2.65-2.75 MPa.

Closest to the invention is a composition for producing heat-resistant concrete (composites), comprising the following components, wt.%: Spent catalyst IM-2201 - 10-15; crushed stone - 33-40; sand - 10-13; H ₃ PO ₄ - 10-15; slag from the smelting of ferrotitanium with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 2.5; Al ₂ O ₃ - 72.18; TiO ₂ - 10.2; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.30; CaO - 11.4; MgO - 3.3 - 24-30 / Pat of the Russian Federation No. 2521005, IPC С04В 28/34. Composition for the manufacture of heat-resistant composites. / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Kolpakov A.V .; applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after S.P. Queen. No. 2013102609. Claim 01/21/2013; publ. 06/27/2014. Bull. No. 18 [2].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low compressive strength after hardening and heating to a temperature of 1200 ° C and low heat resistance.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of heat-resistant concrete (composite).

The technical result of the invention is to increase the compressive strength and heat resistance of heat-resistant concrete (composites).

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known composition, including the spent catalyst IM-2201 and H ₃ PO ₄ , carbonate sludge from the water treatment system, calcium-aluminum sludge and alkali sludge from aluminum and its alloys with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - are additionally introduced 1.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 48.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.2; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 2.5; R ₂ O - 9.9; p.p.p. 34.5 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15 carbonate sludge water treatment systems 33-40 calcium sludge 10-13 H ₃ PO ₄ 10-15

sludge alkaline etching of aluminum and its alloys

with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 1.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 48.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.2;

CaO - 1.3; MgO - 2.5; R ₂ O - 9.9; p.p.p. 34.5 24-30

At the Samara Metallurgical Plant, by-products of production are sludge - highly dispersed products.

Technogenic wastes are mainly represented at this enterprise:

1) sludge alkaline etching of aluminum and its alloys (alumina), is formed as a result of etching of an aluminum strip with alkali NaOH;

2) sludge from water treatment systems (carbonate), which is obtained after processing an aluminum strip with carbonate sludge formed after softening water;

3) calcium-aluminum sludge, which is a mixture of the first two.

Sludge (all three sludges) are highly dispersed homogeneous mixtures. Their specific surface is (10-12) · 10 ³ cm ² / g, 80% of their composition falls on particles less than 100 microns in size, and there are also particles with finer dispersion - 20-80 nm. This subtlety of the components is a particularly valuable property of sludge waste, as it provides increased homogenization of phosphate binder in the process of their synthesis. It is possible to use refractory products based on synthesized phosphate bonds in almost any lining elements: in the form of shotcrete - masses, piece blocks, various coatings, as a binder in masonry elements. The operating temperature of such refractories, depending on the composition, varies from 1600 to 1700 ° C, the chemical composition of the components used is shown in table 1.

For the manufacture of heat-resistant concrete (composites), orthophosphoric acid H ₃ PO _{4 was} used as a binder in pure form according to GOST 6552-80, the norm was pure (parts) OKP 261213002110. Mass fraction of orthophosphoric acid (H ₃ PO ₄ ), not less than 85 %, density not less than 1.69 g / cm ³ .

In the proposed compositions, as in the prototype, the spent catalyst IM-21 (production waste) was used that meets the requirements of TU 38.103544-89. The chemical composition of the catalyst are presented in table 1.

According TU 38.103544-89 spent catalyst IM-2201 should have the following parameters: Appearance powder - gray-green color, a bulk density of 1.0-1.5 g / cm ^3; mass fraction of Al ₂ O ₃ not less than 70%.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The technological process for the production of cementless heat-resistant concrete and the manufacture of products and structures from them includes the preparation of molding materials, molding of products and heat treatment.

It should be noted that for their hardening and a set of brand strength, heat-resistant concrete requires special heat treatment.

For phosphoric acid concrete with the components shown in Table 2 - heating to 500 ° C with a temperature rise of 200 ° C at a rate of 60 ° C / h and up to 500 ° C-150 ° C / h, keeping for 4 hours, cooling with the oven.

Table 3 presents the physical and mechanical properties of heat-resistant concrete.

As can be seen from table 3? heat-resistant concrete from the proposed compositions has higher rates of mechanical strength and heat resistance than the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using sludge alkaline etching of aluminum and its alloys; sludge from water treatment systems (carbonate) and alum-calcium sludge can significantly increase the mechanical strength and heat resistance of heat-resistant concrete.

The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of heat-resistant concrete contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection and the expansion of the raw material base for building materials.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Pat. Russian Federation No. 2440312, IPC C04B 14/24. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Kulikov V.A .; Applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after academician S.P. Queen. - No.2010122114? declared 05/31/20910; publ. 01/20/2012. Bull. No. 2 /

2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2521005, IPC C04B 28/34. Composition for the manufacture of heat-resistant composites. / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Kolpakov A.V .; applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after S.P. Queen. No. 2013102609. Claim 01/21/2013; publ. 06/27/2014. Bull. Number 18.

Claims (1)

Composition for the manufacture of heat-resistant concrete, including spent catalyst IM-2201 and N ₃ PO ₄ , characterized in that it further comprises carbonate sludge from a water treatment system, calcium-aluminum sludge and alkaline sludge from aluminum and its alloys with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 1.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 48.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.2; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 2.5; R ₂ O - 9.9; p.p.p. 34.5 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15 carbonate sludge water treatment systems 33-40 calcium sludge 10-13 H ₃ RO ₄ 10-15 sludge alkaline etching of aluminum and its alloys with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 1.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 48.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.2; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 2.5; R ₂ O - 9.9; p.p.p. 34.5 24-30